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Acts 11

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1Now the apostles and the brothers who were in Judea heard that the Gentiles had also received the word of God. 2When Peter had come up to Jerusalem, those who were of the circumcision contended with him, 3saying, “You went in to uncircumcised men, and ate with them!” 4But Peter began, and explained to them in order, saying, 5“I was in the city of Joppa praying, and in a trance I saw a vision: a certain container descending, like it was a great sheet let down from heaven by four corners. It came as far as me. 6When I had looked intently at it, I considered, and saw the four-footed animals of the earth, wild animals, creeping things, and birds of the sky. 7I also heard a voice saying to me, ‘Rise, Peter, kill and eat!’ 8But I said, ‘Not so, Lord, for nothing unholy or unclean has ever entered into my mouth.’ 9But a voice answered me the second time out of heaven, ‘What God has cleansed, don’t you call unclean.’ 10This was done three times, and all were drawn up again into heaven. 11Behold, immediately three men stood before the house where I was, having been sent from Caesarea to me. 12The Spirit told me to go with them, without discriminating. These six brothers also accompanied me, and we entered into the man’s house. 13He told us how he had seen the angel standing in his house, and saying to him, ‘Send to Joppa, and get Simon, who is called Peter, 14who will speak to you words by which you will be saved, you and all your house.’ 15As I began to speak, the Holy Spirit fell on them, even as on us at the beginning. 16I remembered the word of the Lord, how he said, ‘John indeed baptized in water, but you will be baptized in the Holy Spirit.’ 17If then God gave to them the same gift as us, when we believed in the Lord Jesus Christ, who was I, that I could withstand God?” 18When they heard these things, they held their peace, and glorified God, saying, “Then God has also granted to the Gentiles repentance to life!” 19They therefore who were scattered abroad by the oppression that arose about Stephen traveled as far as Phoenicia, Cyprus, and Antioch, speaking the word to no one except to Jews only. 20But there were some of them, men of Cyprus and Cyrene, who, when they had come to Antioch, spoke to the Hellenists, preaching the Lord Jesus. 21The hand of the Lord was with them, and a great number believed and turned to the Lord. 22The report concerning them came to the ears of the assembly which was in Jerusalem. They sent out Barnabas to go as far as Antioch, 23who, when he had come, and had seen the grace of God, was glad. He exhorted them all, that with purpose of heart they should remain near to the Lord. 24For he was a good man, and full of the Holy Spirit and of faith, and many people were added to the Lord. 25Barnabas went out to Tarsus to look for Saul. 26When he had found him, he brought him to Antioch. For a whole year they were gathered together with the assembly, and taught many people. The disciples were first called Christians in Antioch. 27Now in these days, prophets came down from Jerusalem to Antioch. 28One of them named Agabus stood up, and indicated by the Spirit that there should be a great famine all over the world, which also happened in the days of Claudius. 29As any of the disciples had plenty, each determined to send relief to the brothers who lived in Judea; 30which they also did, sending it to the elders by the hands of Barnabas and Saul.

World English Bible (public domain)

"If then God gave the same gift to them as he gave to us when we believed in the Lord Jesus Christ, who was I that I could stand in God's way?"

Acts 11:17

Summary

In Acts 11, Peter finds himself defending his actions of eating with Gentiles before the Jewish believers in Jerusalem. He recounts the vision he had in Joppa, where God instructed him not to call any person impure or unclean. Peter explains his visit to Cornelius, a Gentile, and the subsequent outpouring of the Holy Spirit on his household, which confirmed God's acceptance of Gentiles. This marked a pivotal point for the early church, highlighting the inclusivity of God’s salvation plan. The chapter also describes how the church in Antioch began to flourish, becoming a central hub for the Christian mission. The narrative emphasizes divine guidance and the broadening boundaries of the early church, as it embraces Gentiles as fellow believers. This development highlights the universal nature of the Gospel and challenges Jewish Christians to reconsider their assumptions about God's chosen people. The positive response of the Jerusalem church to Peter's account reflects the unity and openness to God's direction, despite initial hesitations. Barnabas is sent to Antioch to support the growing community of believers, where he enlists Saul (Paul) to help teach the new converts. This illustrates the importance of discipleship and collaboration in the church. It's also in Antioch that the followers of Jesus are first called 'Christians,' signifying a new identity centered around Christ, rather than cultural or ethnic distinctions.

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Chapter outline

How Acts 11 unfolds

  1. Acts 11:1–4 Peter Defends His Actions

    Peter returns to Jerusalem and defends his decision to associate with Gentiles, explaining the vision he received regarding clean and unclean foods.

  2. Acts 11:5–10 Peter's Vision Explained

    Peter recounts his vision in Joppa where God commands him to eat, emphasizing that what God has cleansed should not be called unclean.

  3. Acts 11:11–18 Acceptance of Gentiles Confirmed

    Peter shares how the Holy Spirit fell on Gentiles, affirming their inclusion in God’s salvation plan, which leads the Jerusalem believers to praise God.

  4. Acts 11:19–24 Antioch Church Growth

    Believers scattered by persecution begin preaching to Gentiles in Antioch, leading to a significant number of conversions, prompting the Jerusalem church to send Barnabas.

  5. Acts 11:25–26 Saul Joins Barnabas in Antioch

    Barnabas searches for Saul in Tarsus and brings him to Antioch, where they teach a growing community of believers for a year.

  6. Acts 11:27–30 Prophecy and Relief Efforts

    Prophets from Jerusalem predict a famine, prompting the Antioch church to send aid to the struggling believers in Judea through Barnabas and Saul.

Key verses

  • Acts 11:17Acts 11:17 captures the essence of the chapter by emphasizing God's sovereign choice in granting salvation to Gentiles.

Main themes in Acts 11

inclusivity

Inclusivity is highlighted when Peter explains that God has granted repentance to the Gentiles in verse 18. The chapter complicates this theme by showing the initial resistance of Jewish believers to accept Gentiles fully. This inclusivity is central to the movement of the early church as it broadens the understanding of who can receive salvation.

divine guidance

Divine guidance is evident in Peter's vision, which directs him to accept Gentiles as clean in verses 9-10. The chapter complicates this theme by showing the tension between tradition and divine revelation, as Peter must convince others of God's directive. This guidance is crucial for the church's expansion beyond Jewish boundaries.

unity

Unity surfaces as the Jerusalem church ultimately glorifies God for granting salvation to Gentiles in verse 18. The chapter complicates this by depicting initial conflict and contention among believers regarding Gentile inclusion. This unity becomes essential for the church's mission as it fosters a shared identity in Christ across cultural lines.

identity

Identity emerges when the disciples are first called Christians in Antioch in verse 26. The chapter complicates this by reflecting how this new identity transcends ethnic and cultural distinctions. This shift signals a foundational change in how followers of Jesus understand themselves as part of a diverse yet unified community.

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Cross-references

Passages that echo Acts 11

Study questions

Questions for studying Acts 11

  1. What vision did Peter have in Joppa and what was its significance?
  2. How did the Jerusalem church initially respond to Peter's actions?
  3. What evidence did Peter provide to argue for the inclusion of Gentiles?
  4. Why was Barnabas sent to Antioch and what was his role?
  5. What does the name 'Christians' signify in the context of Acts 11?
  6. How does the prophecy about the famine impact the church's actions?
  7. What connections can you draw between the growth in Antioch and the early church's mission?

Acts 11: frequently asked questions

What is Acts 11 about?+
In Acts 11, Peter finds himself defending his actions of eating with Gentiles before the Jewish believers in Jerusalem. He recounts the vision he had in Joppa, where God instructed him not to call any person impure or unclean. Peter explains his visit to Cornelius, a Gentile, and the subsequent outpouring of the Holy Spirit on his household, which confirmed God's acceptance of Gentiles. This marked a pivotal point for the early church, highlighting the inclusivity of God’s salvation plan. The chapter also describes how the church in Antioch began to flourish, becoming a central hub for the Christian mission. The narrative emphasizes divine guidance and the broadening boundaries of the early church, as it embraces Gentiles as fellow believers. This development highlights the universal nature of the Gospel and challenges Jewish Christians to reconsider their assumptions about God's chosen people. The positive response of the Jerusalem church to Peter's account reflects the unity and openness to God's direction, despite initial hesitations. Barnabas is sent to Antioch to support the growing community of believers, where he enlists Saul (Paul) to help teach the new converts. This illustrates the importance of discipleship and collaboration in the church. It's also in Antioch that the followers of Jesus are first called 'Christians,' signifying a new identity centered around Christ, rather than cultural or ethnic distinctions.
What is the key verse in Acts 11?+
Acts 11:17: "If then God gave to them the same gift as us, when we believed in the Lord Jesus Christ, who was I, that I could withstand God?”"
What are the main themes of Acts 11?+
The main themes of Acts 11 are inclusivity, divine guidance, unity, identity.

Related chapters

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Study Notes