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Isaiah 37

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1When king Hezekiah heard it, he tore his clothes, covered himself with sackcloth, and went into Yahweh’s house. 2He sent Eliakim, who was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and the elders of the priests, covered with sackcloth, to Isaiah the prophet, the son of Amoz. 3They said to him, “Thus says Hezekiah, ‘Today is a day of trouble, and of rebuke, and of rejection; for the children have come to the birth, and there is no strength to give birth. 4It may be Yahweh your God will hear the words of Rabshakeh, whom the king of Assyria his master has sent to defy the living God, and will rebuke the words which Yahweh your God has heard. Therefore lift up your prayer for the remnant that is left.’” 5So the servants of king Hezekiah came to Isaiah. 6Isaiah said to them, “Tell your master, ‘Yahweh says, “Don’t be afraid of the words that you have heard, with which the servants of the king of Assyria have blasphemed me. 7Behold, I will put a spirit in him and he will hear news, and will return to his own land. I will cause him to fall by the sword in his own land.”’” 8So Rabshakeh returned, and found the king of Assyria warring against Libnah, for he had heard that he was departed from Lachish. 9He heard news concerning Tirhakah king of Ethiopia, “He has come out to fight against you.” When he heard it, he sent messengers to Hezekiah, saying, 10“Thus you shall speak to Hezekiah king of Judah, saying, ‘Don’t let your God in whom you trust deceive you, saying, “Jerusalem won’t be given into the hand of the king of Assyria.” 11Behold, you have heard what the kings of Assyria have done to all lands, by destroying them utterly. Shall you be delivered? 12Have the gods of the nations delivered them, which my fathers have destroyed, Gozan, Haran, Rezeph, and the children of Eden who were in Telassar? 13Where is the king of Hamath, and the king of Arpad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, of Hena, and Ivvah?’” 14Hezekiah received the letter from the hand of the messengers and read it. Then Hezekiah went up to Yahweh’s house, and spread it before Yahweh. 15Hezekiah prayed to Yahweh, saying, 16“Yahweh of Armies, the God of Israel, who is enthroned among the cherubim, you are the God, even you alone, of all the kingdoms of the earth. You have made heaven and earth. 17Turn your ear, Yahweh, and hear. Open your eyes, Yahweh, and behold. Hear all of the words of Sennacherib, who has sent to defy the living God. 18Truly, Yahweh, the kings of Assyria have destroyed all the countries and their land, 19and have cast their gods into the fire; for they were no gods, but the work of men’s hands, wood and stone; therefore they have destroyed them. 20Now therefore, Yahweh our God, save us from his hand, that all the kingdoms of the earth may know that you are Yahweh, even you only.” 21Then Isaiah the son of Amoz sent to Hezekiah, saying, “Yahweh, the God of Israel says, ‘Because you have prayed to me against Sennacherib king of Assyria, 22this is the word which Yahweh has spoken concerning him. The virgin daughter of Zion has despised you and ridiculed you. The daughter of Jerusalem has shaken her head at you. 23Whom have you defied and blasphemed? Against whom have you exalted your voice and lifted up your eyes on high? Against the Holy One of Israel. 24By your servants, have you defied the Lord, and have said, “With the multitude of my chariots I have come up to the height of the mountains, to the innermost parts of Lebanon. I will cut down its tall cedars and its choice cypress trees. I will enter into its farthest height, the forest of its fruitful field. 25I have dug and drunk water, and with the sole of my feet I will dry up all the rivers of Egypt.” 26“‘Have you not heard how I have done it long ago, and formed it in ancient times? Now I have brought it to pass, that it should be yours to destroy fortified cities, turning them into ruinous heaps. 27Therefore their inhabitants had little power. They were dismayed and confounded. They were like the grass of the field, and like the green herb, like the grass on the housetops, and like a field before its crop has grown. 28But I know your sitting down, your going out, your coming in, and your raging against me. 29Because of your raging against me, and because your arrogance has come up into my ears, therefore will I put my hook in your nose and my bridle in your lips, and I will turn you back by the way by which you came. 30“‘This shall be the sign to you. You will eat this year that which grows of itself, and in the second year that which springs from the same; and in the third year sow and reap and plant vineyards, and eat their fruit. 31The remnant that is escaped of the house of Judah will again take root downward, and bear fruit upward. 32For out of Jerusalem a remnant will go out, and survivors will escape from Mount Zion. The zeal of Yahweh of Armies will perform this.’ 33“Therefore Yahweh says concerning the king of Assyria, ‘He will not come to this city, nor shoot an arrow there, neither will he come before it with shield, nor cast up a mound against it. 34By the way that he came, by the same he shall return, and he shall not come to this city,’ says Yahweh. 35‘For I will defend this city to save it, for my own sake, and for my servant David’s sake.’” 36Then Yahweh’s angel went out and struck one hundred and eighty-five thousand men in the camp of the Assyrians. When men arose early in the morning, behold, these were all dead bodies. 37So Sennacherib king of Assyria departed, went away, returned to Nineveh, and stayed there. 38As he was worshiping in the house of Nisroch his god, Adrammelech and Sharezer his sons struck him with the sword; and they escaped into the land of Ararat. Esar Haddon his son reigned in his place.

World English Bible (public domain)

And Hezekiah prayed to the Lord: O Lord of hosts, God of Israel, who is enthroned above the cherubim, you are the God, you alone, of all the kingdoms of the earth; you have made heaven and earth.

Isaiah 37:15-16

Summary

In Isaiah 37, King Hezekiah of Judah finds himself in a dire situation as the Assyrian king Sennacherib threatens Jerusalem. Hezekiah responds by tearing his clothes and seeking guidance and prayer in the house of the Lord. He also sends his officials to the prophet Isaiah, asking for his intercession. Isaiah assures them of God's deliverance, prophesying that Sennacherib will return to his land and eventually fall by the sword. After receiving a taunting letter from Sennacherib, Hezekiah goes to the temple to plead with God for help, laying the letter before Him. God responds through Isaiah, promising that He will defend the city for His sake and the sake of David, His servant. That very night, an angel of the Lord strikes down 185,000 Assyrian soldiers, leading to Sennacherib's retreat and eventual assassination in his own land. This chapter highlights the themes of faith, divine intervention, and God's sovereignty. Hezekiah's reliance on God in the face of overwhelming odds exemplifies the power of prayer and faith. God's response underscores His control over nations and His commitment to His promises, providing hope and encouragement for future generations. The theological significance lies in the display of God's power over earthly kingdoms and His protection of His people. It serves as a reminder that human threats and boasting cannot stand against the divine will. Additionally, the chapter reinforces the importance of trusting in God, acknowledging His supremacy, and seeking His intervention in times of need.

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Chapter outline

How Isaiah 37 unfolds

  1. Isaiah 37:1–2 Hezekiah's Distress

    King Hezekiah reacts to the Assyrian threat by tearing his clothes and seeking help from Isaiah the prophet.

  2. Isaiah 37:3–4 Hezekiah's Message to Isaiah

    Hezekiah expresses his despair to Isaiah, hoping Yahweh will hear the Assyrian defiance and respond.

  3. Isaiah 37:5–7 Isaiah's Assurance of Deliverance

    Isaiah reassures Hezekiah that God will protect Jerusalem and Sennacherib will not succeed.

  4. Isaiah 37:8–13 Rabshakeh's Threatening Message

    Rabshakeh delivers a letter from Sennacherib, taunting Hezekiah and questioning Yahweh's power to save.

  5. Isaiah 37:14–20 Hezekiah's Prayer

    Hezekiah lays the threatening letter before Yahweh and prays for deliverance, acknowledging God's sovereignty.

  6. Isaiah 37:21–35 God's Response through Isaiah

    God promises to defend Jerusalem, highlighting Sennacherib's blasphemy and assuring Hezekiah of victory.

  7. Isaiah 37:36–38 Assyrian Defeat and Sennacherib's Fate

    God's angel strikes down 185,000 Assyrian soldiers, leading to Sennacherib's retreat and assassination.

Key verses

  • Isaiah 37:15-16The key verse highlights Hezekiah's acknowledgment of God's supreme authority, central to the chapter's message of faith and divine intervention.

Main themes in Isaiah 37

Faith and Trust in God

Hezekiah's faith is evident when he seeks Yahweh for deliverance in verses 1-4, demonstrating his reliance on divine guidance. As he faces the overwhelming threat of the Assyrian army, his actions reflect a deep trust in God’s ability to save. This theme underscores a central movement in the chapter, illustrating that a sincere trust in God can lead to miraculous outcomes and divine intervention.

Divine Intervention

The theme of divine intervention emerges prominently when God promises deliverance in verses 21-35, following Hezekiah's earnest prayer. God's decisive action against the Assyrians serves as a powerful illustration of His ability to alter the course of events in response to human supplication. This reinforces the belief that God is actively involved in history and responds to the prayers of His faithful servants.

God's Sovereignty

God’s sovereignty is highlighted in verses 36-38, where He defeats the Assyrian army with ease, showcasing His supreme power. The chapter powerfully illustrates that no earthly power can withstand God’s will, emphasizing His control over nations and their fates. This understanding reinforces the belief that God not only governs the world but also actively protects His people from threats beyond their control.

The Power of Prayer

Hezekiah's earnest prayer in verses 14-20 exemplifies the profound power of seeking God's help during crises. The chapter develops this theme through the immediate and reassuring response from God via the prophet Isaiah, demonstrating a direct connection between prayer and divine action. This emphasizes that prayer is an essential means of communication with God, particularly during moments of desperation and need.

Cross-references

Passages that echo Isaiah 37

Study questions

Questions for studying Isaiah 37

  1. What actions did Hezekiah take upon hearing the news of the Assyrian threat?
  2. How does Isaiah assure Hezekiah of God's protection?
  3. What specific points does Rabshakeh make in his taunting letter?
  4. What are the key elements of Hezekiah’s prayer to God?
  5. How does God's response through Isaiah address Sennacherib's arrogance?
  6. What does the defeat of the Assyrians illustrate about God's sovereignty?
  7. How might Hezekiah's reliance on prayer inform our approach to difficulties today?

Isaiah 37: frequently asked questions

What is Isaiah 37 about?+
In Isaiah 37, King Hezekiah of Judah finds himself in a dire situation as the Assyrian king Sennacherib threatens Jerusalem. Hezekiah responds by tearing his clothes and seeking guidance and prayer in the house of the Lord. He also sends his officials to the prophet Isaiah, asking for his intercession. Isaiah assures them of God's deliverance, prophesying that Sennacherib will return to his land and eventually fall by the sword. After receiving a taunting letter from Sennacherib, Hezekiah goes to the temple to plead with God for help, laying the letter before Him. God responds through Isaiah, promising that He will defend the city for His sake and the sake of David, His servant. That very night, an angel of the Lord strikes down 185,000 Assyrian soldiers, leading to Sennacherib's retreat and eventual assassination in his own land. This chapter highlights the themes of faith, divine intervention, and God's sovereignty. Hezekiah's reliance on God in the face of overwhelming odds exemplifies the power of prayer and faith. God's response underscores His control over nations and His commitment to His promises, providing hope and encouragement for future generations. The theological significance lies in the display of God's power over earthly kingdoms and His protection of His people. It serves as a reminder that human threats and boasting cannot stand against the divine will. Additionally, the chapter reinforces the importance of trusting in God, acknowledging His supremacy, and seeking His intervention in times of need.
What is the key verse in Isaiah 37?+
Isaiah 37:15-16: "Hezekiah prayed to Yahweh, saying, “Yahweh of Armies, the God of Israel, who is enthroned among the cherubim, you are the God, even you alone, of all the kingdoms of the earth. You have made heaven and earth."
What are the main themes of Isaiah 37?+
The main themes of Isaiah 37 are Faith and Trust in God, Divine Intervention, God's Sovereignty, The Power of Prayer.

Related chapters

Chapters that connect with Isaiah 37

Study Notes