ScriptureDepth's study of Numbers 15
“‘But the soul who does anything with a high hand, whether he is native-born or a foreigner, the same blasphemes Yahweh. That soul shall be cut off from among his people.”
Numbers 15:30
Yahweh speaks to Moses about sinning with a high hand, establishing that such actions are blasphemy, which leads to the severe consequence of being 'cut off from among his people'.
What Numbers 15 is about
Yahweh instructs Moses about offerings when the children of Israel enter the land. They must make offerings by fire, including burnt offerings and meal offerings (vv. 1-16). Each offering has specific requirements for flour, oil, and wine. The Israelites are to offer a wave offering from their dough when they eat the land's bread (vv. 17-21). If they err and do not observe the commandments, they must bring a young bull and goat for sin offerings (vv. 22-26). For individuals who sin unwittingly, a female goat is required (vv. 27-31). If someone violates the Sabbath by gathering sticks, that person is to be put to death (vv. 32-36). Yahweh commands that they make fringes on their garments to remember His commandments (vv. 37-41).
Yahweh is your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt to be your God.
Numbers 15 at a glance
- Numbers 15:1–16Instructions for Offerings
- Numbers 15:17–21Wave Offering of Dough
- Numbers 15:22–26Atonement for Unintentional Sins
- Numbers 15:27–31Atonement for Individuals
- Numbers 15:32–36Death for Sabbath Violation
- Numbers 15:37–41Fringes and Remembrance
Key verse: Numbers 15:30
One thing to notice
Verses 22-26 detail atonement for unintentional sins, describing a communal process for the congregation. Verses 27-31 address personal sin, providing instructions for individuals. These sections distinguish between communal and personal aspects of atonement within the context of worship.
Summary and study helps: AI-drafted (September 2026), checked by automated Scripture gates. Spotted an error? Report it. Fixes are listed on the corrections page.
Chapter text
Read Numbers 15 (WEB)
Instructions for Offerings Numbers 15:1–16
1Verse 1. Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 2Verse 2. “Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them, ‘When you have come into the land of your habitations, which I give to you, 3Verse 3. and will make an offering by fire to Yahweh, a burnt offering, or a sacrifice, to accomplish a vow, or as a freewill offering, or in your set feasts, to make a pleasant aroma to Yahweh, of the herd, or of the flock; 4Verse 4. then he who offers his offering shall offer to Yahweh a meal offering of one tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with the fourth part of a hin of oil.
5Verse 5. You shall prepare wine for the drink offering, the fourth part of a hin, with the burnt offering, or for the sacrifice, for each lamb. 6Verse 6. “‘Or for a ram, you shall prepare for a meal offering two tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with the third part of a hin of oil; 7Verse 7. and for the drink offering you shall offer the third part of a hin of wine, of a pleasant aroma to Yahweh. 8Verse 8. When you prepare a bull for a burnt offering, or for a sacrifice, to accomplish a vow, or for peace offerings to Yahweh; 9Verse 9. then shall he offer with the bull a meal offering of three tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with half a hin of oil:
10Verse 10. and you shall offer for the drink offering half a hin of wine, for an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to Yahweh. 11Verse 11. Thus shall it be done for each bull, or for each ram, or for each of the male lambs, or of the young goats. 12Verse 12. According to the number that you shall prepare, so you shall do to everyone according to their number. 13Verse 13. “‘All who are native-born shall do these things in this way, in offering an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to Yahweh. 14Verse 14. If a stranger lives as a foreigner with you, or whoever may be among you throughout your generations, and will offer an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to Yahweh; as you do, so he shall do.
15Verse 15. For the assembly, there shall be one statute for you and for the stranger who lives as a foreigner, a statute forever throughout your generations. As you are, so shall the foreigner be before Yahweh. 16Verse 16. One law and one ordinance shall be for you, and for the stranger who lives as a foreigner with you.’”
Wave Offering of Dough Numbers 15:17–21
17Verse 17. Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 18Verse 18. “Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them, ‘When you come into the land where I bring you, 19Verse 19. then it shall be that when you eat of the bread of the land, you shall offer up a wave offering to Yahweh. 20Verse 20. Of the first of your dough you shall offer up a cake for a wave offering. As the wave offering of the threshing floor, so you shall heave it. 21Verse 21. Of the first of your dough, you shall give to Yahweh a wave offering throughout your generations.
Atonement for Unintentional Sins Numbers 15:22–26
22Verse 22. “‘When you err, and don’t observe all these commandments, which Yahweh has spoken to Moses, 23Verse 23. even all that Yahweh has commanded you by Moses, from the day that Yahweh gave commandment, and onward throughout your generations; 24Verse 24. then it shall be, if it was done unwittingly, without the knowledge of the congregation, that all the congregation shall offer one young bull for a burnt offering, for a pleasant aroma to Yahweh, with its meal offering, and its drink offering, according to the ordinance, and one male goat for a sin offering. 25Verse 25. The priest shall make atonement for all the congregation of the children of Israel, and they shall be forgiven; for it was an error, and they have brought their offering, an offering made by fire to Yahweh, and their sin offering before Yahweh, for their error.
26Verse 26. All the congregation of the children of Israel shall be forgiven, as well as the stranger who lives as a foreigner among them; for with regard to all the people, it was done unwittingly.
Atonement for Individuals Numbers 15:27–31
27Verse 27. “‘If one person sins unwittingly, then he shall offer a female goat a year old for a sin offering. 28Verse 28. The priest shall make atonement for the soul who errs, when he sins unwittingly before Yahweh, to make atonement for him; and he shall be forgiven. 29Verse 29. You shall have one law for him who does anything unwittingly, for him who is native-born among the children of Israel, and for the stranger who lives as a foreigner among them. 30Verse 30. “‘But the soul who does anything with a high hand, whether he is native-born or a foreigner, the same blasphemes Yahweh. That soul shall be cut off from among his people.
31Verse 31. Because he has despised Yahweh’s word, and has broken his commandment, that soul shall utterly be cut off. His iniquity shall be on him.’”
Death for Sabbath Violation Numbers 15:32–36
32Verse 32. While the children of Israel were in the wilderness, they found a man gathering sticks on the Sabbath day. 33Verse 33. Those who found him gathering sticks brought him to Moses and Aaron, and to all the congregation. 34Verse 34. They put him in custody, because it had not been declared what should be done to him. 35Verse 35. Yahweh said to Moses, “The man shall surely be put to death. All the congregation shall stone him with stones outside of the camp.” 36Verse 36. All the congregation brought him outside of the camp, and stoned him to death with stones, as Yahweh commanded Moses.
Fringes and Remembrance Numbers 15:37–41
37Verse 37. Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 38Verse 38. “Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them that they should make themselves fringes in the borders of their garments throughout their generations, and that they put on the fringe of each border a cord of blue: 39Verse 39. and it shall be to you for a fringe, that you may look on it, and remember all Yahweh’s commandments, and do them; and that you don’ t follow your own heart and your own eyes, after which you use to play the prostitute; 40Verse 40. so that you may remember and do all my commandments, and be holy to your God.
41Verse 41. I am Yahweh your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, to be your God: I am Yahweh your God.”
World English Bible (public domain)
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Main themes in Numbers 15
The importance of sacrifices
In Numbers 15, the instructions for sacrifices are detailed in vv. 3-10, where Yahweh commands the people to offer various sacrifices, including burnt offerings, meal offerings, and drink offerings. Each type of offering is to be prepared in a specific way, such as 'a meal offering of one tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with the fourth part of a hin of oil' (v. 4). This structured approach to offerings highlights the necessity of proper worship and devotion to Yahweh.
Community accountability
The text addresses community accountability in vv. 24-26, where it outlines the process for atonement for unintentional sins committed by the congregation. If the community errs 'without the knowledge of the congregation,' they must offer a young bull and a male goat to Yahweh for forgiveness. This collective responsibility reinforces the idea that the community shares in both the worship and the consequences of their actions.
Holiness and obedience
Holiness and obedience are central to Numbers 15, particularly in v. 40, where Yahweh commands the people to remember His commandments and be 'holy to your God.' The requirement to keep the commandments laid out throughout the chapter, including the consequences for breaking them, such as the severe punishment for the Sabbath violator in vv. 32-36, illustrates the need for strict adherence to Yahweh’s laws to maintain a proper relationship with Him.
Inclusion in God's covenant
Inclusion in God's covenant is evident in vv. 14-16, where Yahweh states that 'a stranger lives as a foreigner with you' may also offer sacrifices in the same manner as native-born Israelites. This establishes that there is 'one statute' for both groups, indicating that all who seek to worship Yahweh are welcomed in the community of His people, regardless of their origin.
Chapter outline
How Numbers 15 unfolds
Numbers 15:1–16 Instructions for Offerings
Yahweh gives instructions for offerings, detailing types and quantities for various sacrifices, including burnt offerings and meal offerings, emphasizing that offerings must be made by both natives and foreigners (vv. 3-16).
Numbers 15:17–21 Wave Offering of Dough
Yahweh instructs Moses to tell the Israelites to offer a wave offering of the first dough they bake when they enter the land, a practice to continue throughout their generations (vv. 17-21).
Numbers 15:22–26 Atonement for Unintentional Sins
Yahweh outlines the process for atonement when the congregation sins unintentionally, requiring a young bull and a male goat, with forgiveness granted upon proper offerings (vv. 24-26).
Numbers 15:27–31 Atonement for Individuals
Individual unintentional sins require the offering of a female goat for atonement, with the same law applying to both native-born and foreigners (vv. 27-29).
Numbers 15:32–36 Death for Sabbath Violation
A man is found gathering sticks on the Sabbath, leading to his execution by stoning as commanded by Yahweh, illustrating the seriousness of violating Sabbath laws (vv. 32-36).
Numbers 15:37–41 Fringes and Remembrance
Yahweh instructs the Israelites to make fringes on their garments with a blue cord, serving as a reminder of His commandments and their need to remain holy (vv. 39-41).
Key verses
Numbers 15:30Yahweh speaks to Moses about sinning with a high hand, establishing that such actions are blasphemy, which leads to the severe consequence of being 'cut off from among his people'.
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Study questions
Questions for studying Numbers 15
- observeIn v8, what type of offering is specified when preparing a bull?
- observeIn v39, what is the purpose of the fringe on their garments?
- interpretThe phrase 'one law' in v29: what does it imply about the treatment of foreigners?
- interpretThe consequence for 'high hand' sin in v30: how does it differ from unintentional sin?
- applyWhen have you faced a situation where a 'high hand' attitude affected your relationships?
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Cross-references
Passages that echo Numbers 15
- Leviticus 4Numbers 15:22 and Leviticus 4:2Both address unintentional sin: Numbers 15:22 says, 'When you err,' while Leviticus 4:2 states, 'If anyone sins unintentionally.'.
- Numbers 28Numbers 15:5 and Numbers 28:7Both specify drink offerings: Numbers 15:5 says, 'You shall prepare wine for the drink offering,' while Numbers 28:7 similarly details the drink offering.
- Hebrews 10Numbers 15:30 and Hebrews 10:26Both warn against willful sin: Numbers 15:30 says, 'The soul who does anything with a high hand,' while Hebrews 10:26 speaks of sinning after knowledge.
- Leviticus 23Numbers 15:2 and Leviticus 23:10Both instruct on offerings upon entering the land: Numbers 15:2 says, 'When you have come into the land,' while Leviticus 23:10 also specifies the land.
- Leviticus 22Numbers 15:8 and Leviticus 22:21Both describe sacrifices for peace offerings: Numbers 15:8 says, 'When you prepare a bull for a burnt offering,' while Leviticus 22:21 details requirements.
- Leviticus 24Numbers 15:34 and Leviticus 24:12Both involve custody for determination: Numbers 15:34 states, 'They put him in custody,' while Leviticus 24:12 mirrors this.
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