1 Kings 5
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1Hiram king of Tyre sent his servants to Solomon; for he had heard that they had anointed him king in the place of his father, and Hiram had always loved David. 2Solomon sent to Hiram, saying, 3“You know that David my father could not build a house for the name of Yahweh his God because of the wars which were around him on every side, until Yahweh put his enemies under the soles of his feet. 4But now Yahweh my God has given me rest on every side. There is no enemy and no evil occurrence. 5Behold, I intend to build a house for the name of Yahweh my God, as Yahweh spoke to David my father, saying, ‘Your son, whom I will set on your throne in your place shall build the house for my name.’ 6Now therefore command that cedar trees be cut for me out of Lebanon. My servants will be with your servants; and I will give you wages for your servants according to all that you say. For you know that there is nobody among us who knows how to cut timber like the Sidonians.” 7When Hiram heard the words of Solomon, he rejoiced greatly, and said, “Blessed is Yahweh today, who has given to David a wise son to rule over this great people.” 8Hiram sent to Solomon, saying, “I have heard the message which you have sent to me. I will do all your desire concerning timber of cedar, and concerning cypress timber. 9My servants will bring them down from Lebanon to the sea. I will make them into rafts to go by sea to the place that you specify to me, and will cause them to be broken up there, and you will receive them. You will accomplish my desire, in giving food for my household.” 10So Hiram gave Solomon cedar timber and cypress timber according to all his desire. 11Solomon gave Hiram twenty thousand cors of wheat for food to his household, and twenty cors of pure oil. Solomon gave this to Hiram year by year. 12Yahweh gave Solomon wisdom, as he promised him. There was peace between Hiram and Solomon, and the two of them made a treaty together. 13King Solomon raised a levy out of all Israel; and the levy was thirty thousand men. 14He sent them to Lebanon, ten thousand a month by courses; for a month they were in Lebanon, and two months at home; and Adoniram was over the men subject to forced labor. 15Solomon had seventy thousand who bore burdens, and eighty thousand who were stone cutters in the mountains; 16besides Solomon’s chief officers who were over the work, three thousand and three hundred, who ruled over the people who labored in the work. 17The king commanded, and they cut out large stones, costly stones, to lay the foundation of the house with worked stone. 18Solomon’s builders and Hiram’s builders and the Gebalites cut them, and prepared the timber and the stones to build the house.
World English Bible (public domain)
“And Hiram said to Solomon, "Blessed be the LORD this day, who has given to David a wise son to be over this great people."”
1 Kings 5:5
Summary
In 1 Kings chapter 5, King Solomon prepares to build the temple in Jerusalem, fulfilling his father's desire, King David. To begin this monumental project, Solomon sends a message to Hiram, the King of Tyre, seeking resources and skilled labor. Hiram had previously supplied materials for David's construction projects, and he is pleased to assist Solomon, recognizing the significance of the temple for Israel. This chapter highlights the cooperation and friendship between the two kings, emphasizing the importance of collaboration in accomplishing God's plans.
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Chapter outline
How 1 Kings 5 unfolds
1 Kings 5:1–2 Hiram's Support for Solomon
Hiram, the king of Tyre, sends servants to Solomon, expressing his pleasure at Solomon's ascension, demonstrating his ongoing support for David's lineage.
1 Kings 5:3–5 Solomon's Purpose Revealed
Solomon informs Hiram that he intends to build a house for Yahweh, fulfilling the promise made to David about his son building the temple.
1 Kings 5:6–8 Request for Timber
Solomon requests cedar and cypress timber from Hiram, offering wages and indicating the expertise of Sidonian workers in timber cutting.
1 Kings 5:9–12 Agreement Between Kings
Hiram agrees to supply the timber and also mentions the exchange of provisions, highlighting the cooperative relationship between the two kings.
1 Kings 5:13–16 Labor Force Organized
Solomon organizes a labor force, appointing thirty thousand workers for timber, alongside additional laborers for heavy work and stone cutting.
1 Kings 5:17–18 Preparation for Construction
The skilled workers cut large stones for the temple's foundation, showcasing collaborative efforts between Solomon's and Hiram's builders.
Key verses
1 Kings 5:5Hiram's acknowledgment of Solomon's wisdom underscores the significance of divine guidance in leadership decisions.
Main themes in 1 Kings 5
Divine Purpose
The theme of Divine Purpose appears when Solomon expresses the intent to build a temple for Yahweh, fulfilling God's promise to David. This chapter illustrates how Solomon’s actions align with divine plans, emphasizing God's guidance in Israel’s leadership. It reinforces the continuity of God's purpose through David's lineage into Solomon's reign.
Collaboration and Partnership
Collaboration and Partnership is evident in the alliance between Solomon and Hiram, as they work together to fulfill the temple project. Hiram’s willingness to supply materials and labor symbolizes mutual support and the importance of alliances in achieving significant goals. This partnership showcases how cooperation can facilitate the fulfillment of divine purposes.
Foreshadowing Christ
The theme of Foreshadowing Christ is seen in the establishment of a sacred place for worship, which symbolizes future revelations of God through Christ. The building of the temple represents a significant moment in God’s plan for redemption and relationship with His people, prefiguring Christ as the ultimate temple. Thus, the chapter hints at the broader narrative of God’s presence among His people.
Wisdom in Leadership
Wisdom in Leadership is highlighted as Solomon demonstrates strategic thinking in organizing labor and securing resources for the temple. His communication with Hiram reveals his diplomatic skills and an understanding of necessary collaboration for effective governance. This wisdom sets the tone for Solomon's reign and reflects the importance of wise leadership in fulfilling divine tasks.
Cross-references
Passages that echo 1 Kings 5
- 2 Chronicles 2This passage echoes the account of Solomon's preparations for the temple, emphasizing Hiram's involvement.
- 1 Chronicles 22The connection develops through the background of David's plans for the temple, which Solomon now takes up.
- 1 Kings 9This later passage connects to the temple's completion and God's covenant with Solomon regarding the temple.
- 1 Kings 3The wisdom granted to Solomon in this earlier account is reflected in his negotiations and leadership in building the temple.
- Ezekiel 27This passage connects through the portrayal of Tyre's resources and craftsmanship, highlighting Hiram's role.
- 1 Kings 4This connects by elaborating on Solomon's administration and the organization of labor for grand projects like the temple.
Study questions
Questions for studying 1 Kings 5
- What does Solomon say about David's inability to build the temple?
- How does Hiram respond to Solomon's request for timber?
- What kind of labor force does Solomon organize for the temple?
- What significance does the treaty between Hiram and Solomon hold?
- How does the cooperation between different groups reflect God's purposes?
- What does the exchange of provisions between Solomon and Hiram indicate?
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