ScriptureDepth

Genesis 20

Read Genesis 20 (WEB)+

1Abraham traveled from there toward the land of the South, and lived between Kadesh and Shur. He lived as a foreigner in Gerar. 2Abraham said about Sarah his wife, “She is my sister.” Abimelech king of Gerar sent, and took Sarah. 3But God came to Abimelech in a dream of the night, and said to him, “Behold, you are a dead man, because of the woman whom you have taken. For she is a man’s wife.” 4Now Abimelech had not come near her. He said, “Lord, will you kill even a righteous nation? 5Didn’t he tell me, ‘She is my sister?’ She, even she herself, said, ‘He is my brother.’ In the integrity of my heart and the innocence of my hands I have done this.” 6God said to him in the dream, “Yes, I know that in the integrity of your heart you have done this, and I also withheld you from sinning against me. Therefore I didn’t allow you to touch her. 7Now therefore, restore the man’s wife. For he is a prophet, and he will pray for you, and you will live. If you don’t restore her, know for sure that you will die, you, and all who are yours.” 8Abimelech rose early in the morning, and called all his servants, and told all these things in their ear. The men were very scared. 9Then Abimelech called Abraham, and said to him, “What have you done to us? How have I sinned against you, that you have brought on me and on my kingdom a great sin? You have done deeds to me that ought not to be done!” 10Abimelech said to Abraham, “What did you see, that you have done this thing?” 11Abraham said, “Because I thought, ‘Surely the fear of God is not in this place. They will kill me for my wife’s sake.’ 12Besides, she is indeed my sister, the daughter of my father, but not the daughter of my mother; and she became my wife. 13When God caused me to wander from my father’s house, I said to her, ‘This is your kindness which you shall show to me. Everywhere that we go, say of me, “He is my brother.”’” 14Abimelech took sheep and cattle, male servants and female servants, and gave them to Abraham, and restored Sarah, his wife, to him. 15Abimelech said, “Behold, my land is before you. Dwell where it pleases you.” 16To Sarah he said, “Behold, I have given your brother a thousand pieces of silver. Behold, it is for you a covering of the eyes to all that are with you. In front of all you are vindicated.” 17Abraham prayed to God. God healed Abimelech, and his wife, and his female servants, and they bore children. 18For Yahweh had closed up tight all the wombs of the house of Abimelech, because of Sarah, Abraham’s wife.

World English Bible (public domain)

Now then, return the man's wife, for he is a prophet, so that he will pray for you, and you shall live. But if you do not return her, know that you shall surely die, you and all who are yours.

Genesis 20:7

Summary

In Genesis chapter 20, Abraham travels to Gerar and tells King Abimelech that Sarah is his sister, fearing for his life because she is beautiful. Abimelech takes Sarah into his palace, but God intervenes and warns him in a dream that Sarah is actually Abraham's wife. God tells Abimelech that he is a dead man unless he returns her to Abraham. Abimelech confronts Abraham the next morning, questioning why he lied. Abraham explains that he acted out of fear, believing there was no fear of God in that place. Abimelech then returns Sarah to Abraham and gives him gifts, allowing him to settle in his land. This chapter highlights God's protection over Abraham and Sarah, and His faithfulness in ensuring His covenant promises are fulfilled despite human failings. The theological significance lies in God's sovereignty and the way He intervenes in human affairs to accomplish His purposes, reaffirming His covenant with Abraham and demonstrating that He is willing to protect His chosen people even when they falter in their faith.

Go deeper

Ask the AI about Genesis 20

Bring your question about the chapter, the key verse, or how this passage fits the rest of Scripture.

Ask the AI about Genesis 20

Daily Scripture study

Get a short devotional by email

One passage, one reflection, and one practical question for the day.

Subscribe free and instantly get “Depth Without Seminary” — our step-by-step study guide (PDF).

One short email each morning. Unsubscribe anytime.

Studying Genesis with a print Bible beside you? See our picks for the best study Bibles for beginners.

Chapter outline

How Genesis 20 unfolds

  1. Genesis 20:1–2 Abraham's Journey to Gerar

    Abraham travels to Gerar, living as a foreigner and presenting Sarah as his sister due to fear.

  2. Genesis 20:3–6 God's Warning in a Dream

    God warns Abimelech in a dream that Sarah is Abraham's wife, declaring him a dead man for taking her.

  3. Genesis 20:7–8 Abimelech's Response to God

    Abimelech is instructed to return Sarah to Abraham, and the urgency of God's warning leads to fear among his servants.

  4. Genesis 20:9–11 Confrontation Between Kings

    Abimelech questions Abraham about his deception, expressing confusion over Abraham's fear of a Godless environment.

  5. Genesis 20:12–13 Abraham's Justification

    Abraham explains that Sarah is his half-sister and that he asked her to lie for his protection.

  6. Genesis 20:14–15 Restoration and Gifts

    Abimelech returns Sarah to Abraham along with gifts, allowing him to settle in the land as he chooses.

  7. Genesis 20:16–18 God's Healing and Closure

    Abimelech compensates Sarah, and God heals his household, demonstrating His control over fertility.

Key verses

  • Genesis 20:7Genesis 20:7 encapsulates the chapter's core message about God's protective nature and His expectations for His servants.

Main themes in Genesis 20

Divine Protection

Divine protection is evident when God intervenes to prevent Abimelech from sinning against Abraham by taking Sarah, as seen in verses 3-6. The chapter shows God's commitment to preserving His covenant through Abraham and Sarah despite human actions. This protection underscores God's faithful oversight in fulfilling His promises to Abraham.

Faith and Fear

Abraham's fear leads him to deceive Abimelech about Sarah's identity in verse 2, reflecting his lack of trust in God’s protection. The chapter develops this theme by contrasting Abraham's fear with Abimelech's integrity, which complicates the narrative of faith. This dynamic highlights the struggle between human fear and the need for faith in God's promises.

God's Sovereignty

In Genesis 20, God's sovereignty is evident when He directly addresses Abimelech in verses 3-7, intervening before any irreversible actions occur. The narrative develops this theme by showing how God orchestrates events to protect Sarah and fulfill His covenant with Abraham, demonstrating His authority over both the faithful and the unfaithful. This insistence on divine control highlights that God's purposes will prevail, irrespective of human choices or moral failures.

Human Fallibility

Abraham's lie about Sarah in verse 2 illustrates human fallibility and the flawed choices individuals make under pressure. The chapter complicates this theme by showing that even a righteous man can falter, yet God still acts to protect His covenant. This reflection on fallibility serves as a reminder of the need for reliance on God's grace.

Cross-references

Passages that echo Genesis 20

Study questions

Questions for studying Genesis 20

  1. What motivations did Abraham have for saying Sarah was his sister?
  2. How does God intervene in Abimelech's dream?
  3. What does Abimelech's reaction reveal about his character?
  4. In what ways does Abraham's fear affect his decisions?
  5. How does the chapter illustrate God's sovereignty over human actions?
  6. What significance does the gift from Abimelech hold for Abraham and Sarah?

Genesis 20: frequently asked questions

What is Genesis 20 about?+
In Genesis chapter 20, Abraham travels to Gerar and tells King Abimelech that Sarah is his sister, fearing for his life because she is beautiful. Abimelech takes Sarah into his palace, but God intervenes and warns him in a dream that Sarah is actually Abraham's wife. God tells Abimelech that he is a dead man unless he returns her to Abraham. Abimelech confronts Abraham the next morning, questioning why he lied. Abraham explains that he acted out of fear, believing there was no fear of God in that place. Abimelech then returns Sarah to Abraham and gives him gifts, allowing him to settle in his land. This chapter highlights God's protection over Abraham and Sarah, and His faithfulness in ensuring His covenant promises are fulfilled despite human failings. The theological significance lies in God's sovereignty and the way He intervenes in human affairs to accomplish His purposes, reaffirming His covenant with Abraham and demonstrating that He is willing to protect His chosen people even when they falter in their faith.
What is the key verse in Genesis 20?+
Genesis 20:7: "Now therefore, restore the man’s wife. For he is a prophet, and he will pray for you, and you will live. If you don’t restore her, know for sure that you will die, you, and all who are yours.”"
What are the main themes of Genesis 20?+
The main themes of Genesis 20 are Divine Protection, Faith and Fear, God's Sovereignty, Human Fallibility.

Related chapters

Chapters that connect with Genesis 20

Study Notes