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Genesis 19

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1The two angels came to Sodom at evening. Lot sat in the gate of Sodom. Lot saw them, and rose up to meet them. He bowed himself with his face to the earth, 2and he said, “See now, my lords, please come into your servant’s house, stay all night, wash your feet, and you can rise up early, and go on your way.” They said, “No, but we will stay in the street all night.” 3He urged them greatly, and they came in with him, and entered into his house. He made them a feast, and baked unleavened bread, and they ate. 4But before they lay down, the men of the city, the men of Sodom, surrounded the house, both young and old, all the people from every quarter. 5They called to Lot, and said to him, “Where are the men who came in to you this night? Bring them out to us, that we may have sex with them.” 6Lot went out to them to the door, and shut the door after him. 7He said, “Please, my brothers, don’t act so wickedly. 8See now, I have two virgin daughters. Please let me bring them out to you, and you may do to them what seems good to you. Only don’t do anything to these men, because they have come under the shadow of my roof.” 9They said, “Stand back!” Then they said, “This one fellow came in to live as a foreigner, and he appoints himself a judge. Now will we deal worse with you, than with them!” They pressed hard on the man Lot, and came near to break the door. 10But the men reached out their hand, and brought Lot into the house to them, and shut the door. 11They struck the men who were at the door of the house with blindness, both small and great, so that they wearied themselves to find the door. 12The men said to Lot, “Do you have anybody else here? Sons-in-law, your sons, your daughters, and whoever you have in the city, bring them out of the place: 13for we will destroy this place, because the outcry against them has grown so great before Yahweh that Yahweh has sent us to destroy it.” 14Lot went out, and spoke to his sons-in-law, who were pledged to marry his daughters, and said, “Get up! Get out of this place, for Yahweh will destroy the city.” But he seemed to his sons-in-law to be joking. 15When the morning came, then the angels hurried Lot, saying, “Get up! Take your wife, and your two daughters who are here, lest you be consumed in the iniquity of the city.” 16But he lingered; and the men grabbed his hand, his wife’s hand, and his two daughters’ hands, Yahweh being merciful to him; and they took him out, and set him outside of the city. 17It came to pass, when they had taken them out, that he said, “Escape for your life! Don’t look behind you, and don’t stay anywhere in the plain. Escape to the mountains, lest you be consumed!” 18Lot said to them, “Oh, not so, my lord. 19See now, your servant has found favor in your sight, and you have magnified your loving kindness, which you have shown to me in saving my life. I can’t escape to the mountain, lest evil overtake me, and I die. 20See now, this city is near to flee to, and it is a little one. Oh let me escape there (isn’t it a little one?), and my soul will live.” 21He said to him, “Behold, I have granted your request concerning this thing also, that I will not overthrow the city of which you have spoken. 22Hurry, escape there, for I can’t do anything until you get there.” Therefore the name of the city was called Zoar. 23The sun had risen on the earth when Lot came to Zoar. 24Then Yahweh rained on Sodom and on Gomorrah sulfur and fire from Yahweh out of the sky. 25He overthrew those cities, all the plain, all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which grew on the ground. 26But his wife looked back from behind him, and she became a pillar of salt. 27Abraham got up early in the morning to the place where he had stood before Yahweh. 28He looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the plain, and looked, and saw that the smoke of the land went up as the smoke of a furnace. 29When God destroyed the cities of the plain, God remembered Abraham, and sent Lot out of the middle of the overthrow, when he overthrew the cities in which Lot lived. 30Lot went up out of Zoar, and lived in the mountain, and his two daughters with him; for he was afraid to live in Zoar. He lived in a cave with his two daughters. 31The firstborn said to the younger, “Our father is old, and there is not a man in the earth to come in to us in the way of all the earth. 32Come, let’s make our father drink wine, and we will lie with him, that we may preserve our father’s family line.” 33They made their father drink wine that night: and the firstborn went in, and lay with her father. He didn’t know when she lay down, nor when she arose. 34It came to pass on the next day, that the firstborn said to the younger, “Behold, I lay last night with my father. Let us make him drink wine again, tonight. You go in, and lie with him, that we may preserve our father’s family line.” 35They made their father drink wine that night also. The younger went and lay with him. He didn’t know when she lay down, nor when she got up. 36Thus both of Lot’s daughters were with child by their father. 37The firstborn bore a son, and named him Moab. He is the father of the Moabites to this day. 38The younger also bore a son, and called his name Ben Ammi. He is the father of the children of Ammon to this day.

World English Bible (public domain)

Then the LORD rained on Sodom and Gomorrah sulfur and fire from the LORD out of heaven.

Genesis 19:24

Summary

Genesis chapter 19 recounts the dramatic and unsettling story of the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah. The chapter begins with two angels arriving in Sodom, where they are immediately welcomed by Lot, who insists they stay in his home. That night, the men of the city surround Lot's house, demanding that he bring out the visitors for them to abuse. Lot pleads with the men to spare his guests, even offering his daughters instead, highlighting the moral decay of the city. The angels eventually intervene, striking the assailants with blindness and rescuing Lot and his family. They warn them to flee the city and not look back as it is destined for destruction due to its great wickedness. As Lot and his family escape, they are told to flee to the mountains, but they request to go to a nearby town, Zoar, which the angels grant. Once they reach safety, God rains down sulfur and fire on Sodom and Gomorrah, obliterating the cities and all the inhabitants. Lot's wife, however, disobeys the command not to look back and is turned into a pillar of salt. The chapter concludes with Lot and his daughters finding refuge in the mountains. The themes of judgment, hospitality, and the consequences of disobedience are deeply woven throughout this narrative, inviting readers to reflect on the nature of righteousness and the severity of divine judgment. This chapter emphasizes not only the gravity of sin as it invites destruction but also God's mercy in providing a means of escape for the righteous. The stark contrast between the moral choices of Lot and the inhabitants of Sodom prompts deep theological reflection on the importance of aligning one's life with God's will and the dire consequences of moral failing.

Key Themes

Judgment and MercyHospitality and EthicsObedience and ConsequencesDivine Intervention

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Genesis 19: frequently asked questions

What is Genesis 19 about?+
Genesis chapter 19 recounts the dramatic and unsettling story of the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah. The chapter begins with two angels arriving in Sodom, where they are immediately welcomed by Lot, who insists they stay in his home. That night, the men of the city surround Lot's house, demanding that he bring out the visitors for them to abuse. Lot pleads with the men to spare his guests, even offering his daughters instead, highlighting the moral decay of the city. The angels eventually intervene, striking the assailants with blindness and rescuing Lot and his family. They warn them to flee the city and not look back as it is destined for destruction due to its great wickedness. As Lot and his family escape, they are told to flee to the mountains, but they request to go to a nearby town, Zoar, which the angels grant. Once they reach safety, God rains down sulfur and fire on Sodom and Gomorrah, obliterating the cities and all the inhabitants. Lot's wife, however, disobeys the command not to look back and is turned into a pillar of salt. The chapter concludes with Lot and his daughters finding refuge in the mountains. The themes of judgment, hospitality, and the consequences of disobedience are deeply woven throughout this narrative, inviting readers to reflect on the nature of righteousness and the severity of divine judgment. This chapter emphasizes not only the gravity of sin as it invites destruction but also God's mercy in providing a means of escape for the righteous. The stark contrast between the moral choices of Lot and the inhabitants of Sodom prompts deep theological reflection on the importance of aligning one's life with God's will and the dire consequences of moral failing.
What is the key verse in Genesis 19?+
Genesis 19:24: "Then the LORD rained on Sodom and Gomorrah sulfur and fire from the LORD out of heaven."
What are the main themes of Genesis 19?+
The main themes of Genesis 19 are Judgment and Mercy, Hospitality and Ethics, Obedience and Consequences, Divine Intervention.

Study Notes