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ScriptureDepth's study of Acts 1

But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you. You will be witnesses to me in Jerusalem, in all Judea and Samaria, and to the uttermost parts of the earth.”

Acts 1:8

Jesus speaks to his apostles, promising them the Holy Spirit's power, which prepares them to witness in 'Jerusalem' and beyond after his ascension.

What Acts 1 is about

The author addresses Theophilus, referring to an earlier account of Jesus' actions and teachings (vv. 1-2). After his resurrection, Jesus appears to the apostles for forty days, speaking about God’s Kingdom and instructing them to wait in Jerusalem for the Holy Spirit (vv. 3-5). The apostles ask if Jesus is restoring the kingdom to Israel, but he tells them it is not for them to know the times set by the Father (vv. 6-7). Jesus promises that they will receive power from the Holy Spirit to be his witnesses (v. 8). He ascends into heaven while they watch, and two men in white announce his return (vv. 9-11). The apostles return to Jerusalem from the Mount of Olives and pray together (vv. 12-14). Peter speaks to about 120 disciples about Judas, referencing Scripture to justify the need for a replacement (vv. 15-20). They choose Matthias by casting lots, and he joins the eleven apostles (vv. 21-26).

The chapter leaves the reader with the promise of the Holy Spirit and the apostles' obedience to waiting in Jerusalem.

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Acts 1 at a glance

  1. Acts 1:1–2Introduction to the Book
  2. Acts 1:3–5Post-Resurrection Appearances
  3. Acts 1:6–8Questions on Restoration
  4. Acts 1:9–11Ascension of Jesus
  5. Acts 1:12–14Return to Jerusalem
  6. Acts 1:15–20Peter Addresses the Disciples
  7. Acts 1:21–26Choosing Matthias

Key verse: Acts 1:8

One thing to notice

The term 'Holy Spirit' appears in verses 2, 5, and 8. In verse 2, it relates to Jesus giving commandments. In verse 5, it mentions the Holy Spirit's promise. Verse 8 notes that the Holy Spirit will empower witnesses to the ends of the earth.

Summary and study helps: AI-drafted (September 2026), checked by automated Scripture gates. Spotted an error? Report it. Fixes are listed on the corrections page.

Chapter text

Read Acts 1 (WEB)

Introduction to the Book Acts 1:1–2

Verse 1. The first book I wrote, Theophilus, concerned all that Jesus began both to do and to teach, Verse 2. until the day in which he was received up, after he had given commandment through the Holy Spirit to the apostles whom he had chosen.

Post-Resurrection Appearances Acts 1:3–5

Verse 3. To these he also showed himself alive after he suffered, by many proofs, appearing to them over a period of forty days, and speaking about God’s Kingdom. Verse 4. Being assembled together with them, he commanded them, “Don’t depart from Jerusalem, but wait for the promise of the Father, which you heard from me. Verse 5. For John indeed baptized in water, but you will be baptized in the Holy Spirit not many days from now.”

Questions on Restoration Acts 1:6–8

Verse 6. Therefore when they had come together, they asked him, “Lord, are you now restoring the kingdom to Israel?” Verse 7. He said to them, “It isn’t for you to know times or seasons which the Father has set within his own authority. Verse 8. But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you. You will be witnesses to me in Jerusalem, in all Judea and Samaria, and to the uttermost parts of the earth.”

Ascension of Jesus Acts 1:9–11

Verse 9. When he had said these things, as they were looking, he was taken up, and a cloud received him out of their sight. Verse 10. While they were looking steadfastly into the sky as he went, behold, two men stood by them in white clothing, Verse 11. who also said, “You men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into the sky? This Jesus, who was received up from you into the sky, will come back in the same way as you saw him going into the sky.”

Return to Jerusalem Acts 1:12–14

Verse 12. Then they returned to Jerusalem from the mountain called Olivet, which is near Jerusalem, a Sabbath day’s journey away. Verse 13. When they had come in, they went up into the upper room, where they were staying; that is Peter, John, James, Andrew, Philip, Thomas, Bartholomew, Matthew, James the son of Alphaeus, Simon the Zealot, and Judas the son of James. Verse 14. All these with one accord continued steadfastly in prayer and supplication, along with the women, and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with his brothers.

Peter Addresses the Disciples Acts 1:15–20

Verse 15. In these days, Peter stood up in the middle of the disciples (and the number of names was about one hundred twenty), and said, Verse 16. “Brothers, it was necessary that this Scripture should be fulfilled, which the Holy Spirit spoke before by the mouth of David concerning Judas, who was guide to those who took Jesus. Verse 17. For he was counted with us, and received his portion in this ministry. Verse 18. Now this man obtained a field with the reward for his wickedness, and falling headlong, his body burst open, and all his intestines gushed out. Verse 19. It became known to everyone who lived in Jerusalem that in their language that field was called ‘Akeldama,’ that is, ‘The field of blood.’

Verse 20. For it is written in the book of Psalms, ‘Let his habitation be made desolate. Let no one dwell therein;’ and, ‘Let another take his office.’

Choosing Matthias Acts 1:21–26

Verse 21. “Of the men therefore who have accompanied us all the time that the Lord Jesus went in and out among us, Verse 22. beginning from the baptism of John, to the day that he was received up from us, of these one must become a witness with us of his resurrection.” Verse 23. They put forward two, Joseph called Barsabbas, who was also called Justus, and Matthias. Verse 24. They prayed, and said, “You, Lord, who know the hearts of all men, show which one of these two you have chosen Verse 25. to take part in this ministry and apostleship from which Judas fell away, that he might go to his own place.”

Verse 26. They drew lots for them, and the lot fell on Matthias, and he was counted with the eleven apostles.

World English Bible (public domain)

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Main themes in Acts 1

Ascension of Jesus

In verses 9-11, Jesus ascends into heaven, taken up into a cloud while the disciples watch. Two men in white clothing, likely angels, appear and inform the disciples that Jesus will return 'in the same way' he left. This moment marks a significant transition in the early church, emphasizing the departure of Jesus and the promise of his return.

Promise of the Holy Spirit

Verses 4-5 present Jesus instructing the apostles to wait in Jerusalem for the 'promise of the Father', which refers to the coming of the Holy Spirit. He contrasts this with John's baptism in water, indicating that the apostles will be 'baptized in the Holy Spirit not many days from now.' This promise is foundational for the empowerment of the apostles' future ministry.

Prayer and Unity

In verse 14, the apostles and others, including Mary and Jesus' brothers, gather in the upper room 'with one accord' to engage in prayer and supplication. This collective prayer signifies their unity and shared purpose in the wake of Jesus' ascension. Such unity is crucial as they prepare for the next stages of their mission.

Apostolic Leadership

Verses 15-26 detail Peter's leadership role among the disciples as he addresses the need to replace Judas Iscariot. He cites Scripture to justify this action, confirming that it was 'necessary' for another witness to join them. The selection of Matthias through prayer and casting lots shows an early method of establishing apostolic leadership in the church.

Chapter outline

How Acts 1 unfolds

  1. Acts 1:1–2 Introduction to the Book

    The author addresses Theophilus, stating that the previous book detailed 'all that Jesus began both to do and to teach' until his ascension, after giving commands through the Holy Spirit to chosen apostles (vv. 1-2).

  2. Acts 1:3–5 Post-Resurrection Appearances

    Jesus shows himself alive after suffering, providing 'many proofs' over forty days and speaking about God’s Kingdom, while commanding the apostles to wait for the promise of the Father (vv. 3-5).

  3. Acts 1:6–8 Questions on Restoration

    The apostles ask Jesus if he will restore the kingdom to Israel, and he replies that it is not for them to know the times set by the Father, while promising they will receive power from the Holy Spirit (vv. 6-8).

  4. Acts 1:9–11 Ascension of Jesus

    Jesus is taken up into the sky while his disciples watch, and two angels appear, assuring them that he will return in the same manner (vv. 9-11).

  5. Acts 1:12–14 Return to Jerusalem

    The disciples return to Jerusalem from the Mount of Olivet, which is close to the city, and gather in the upper room to await further instructions (vv. 12-14).

  6. Acts 1:15–20 Peter Addresses the Disciples

    Peter addresses around one hundred twenty disciples, explaining the necessity of fulfilling Scripture concerning Judas, who betrayed Jesus, and references the psalms (vv. 15-20).

  7. Acts 1:21–26 Choosing Matthias

    The apostles propose two candidates to replace Judas, pray for divine guidance, and select Matthias by casting lots, making him one of the apostles (vv. 21-26).

Key verses

  • Acts 1:8Jesus speaks to his apostles, promising them the Holy Spirit's power, which prepares them to witness in 'Jerusalem' and beyond after his ascension.

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Study questions

Questions for studying Acts 1

Uses your daily Ask questions.

  1. observeIn v4, what command does Jesus give to the apostles before his ascension?
  2. observeIn v11, what do the two men in white clothing say to the apostles?
  3. interpretJesus' response in v7: why does he not answer their question about restoring the kingdom?
  4. interpretIn v20, what do the quoted Psalms suggest about Judas' fate and the need for a replacement?
  5. applyAfter Jesus' ascension in v9, how do you respond to times of waiting for guidance?

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Acts 1: frequently asked questions

What is Acts 1 about?+
The author addresses Theophilus, referring to an earlier account of Jesus' actions and teachings (vv. 1-2).
What is the key verse in Acts 1?+
Acts 1:8: “But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you. You will be witnesses to me in Jerusalem, in all Judea and Samaria, and to the uttermost parts of the earth.”
What are the main themes of Acts 1?+
The main themes of Acts 1 are Ascension of Jesus, Promise of the Holy Spirit, Prayer and Unity, Apostolic Leadership.

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Study Notes