Isaiah 23
Read Isaiah 23 (WEB)+
1The burden of Tyre. Howl, you ships of Tarshish! For it is laid waste, so that there is no house, no entering in. From the land of Kittim it is revealed to them. 2Be still, you inhabitants of the coast, you whom the merchants of Sidon, that pass over the sea, have replenished. 3On great waters, the seed of the Shihor, the harvest of the Nile, was her revenue. She was the market of nations. 4Be ashamed, Sidon; for the sea has spoken, the stronghold of the sea, saying, “I have not travailed, nor given birth, neither have I nourished young men, nor brought up virgins.” 5When the report comes to Egypt, they will be in anguish at the report of Tyre. 6Pass over to Tarshish! Wail, you inhabitants of the coast! 7Is this your joyous city, whose antiquity is of ancient days, whose feet carried her far away to travel? 8Who has planned this against Tyre, the giver of crowns, whose merchants are princes, whose traders are the honorable of the earth? 9Yahweh of Armies has planned it, to stain the pride of all glory, to bring into contempt all the honorable of the earth. 10Pass through your land like the Nile, daughter of Tarshish. There is no restraint any more. 11He has stretched out his hand over the sea. He has shaken the kingdoms. Yahweh has ordered the destruction of Canaan’s strongholds. 12He said, “You shall rejoice no more, you oppressed virgin daughter of Sidon. Arise, pass over to Kittim. Even there you will have no rest.” 13Behold, the land of the Chaldeans. This people was not. The Assyrians founded it for those who dwell in the wilderness. They set up their towers. They overthrew its palaces. They made it a ruin. 14Howl, you ships of Tarshish, for your stronghold is laid waste! 15It will come to pass in that day that Tyre will be forgotten seventy years, according to the days of one king. After the end of seventy years it will be to Tyre like in the song of the prostitute. 16Take a harp; go about the city, you prostitute that has been forgotten. Make sweet melody. Sing many songs, that you may be remembered. 17It will happen after the end of seventy years that Yahweh will visit Tyre, and she shall return to her wages, and will play the prostitute with all the kingdoms of the world on the surface of the earth. 18Her merchandise and her wages will be holiness to Yahweh. It will not be treasured nor laid up; for her merchandise will be for those who dwell before Yahweh, to eat sufficiently, and for durable clothing.
World English Bible (public domain)
“"The LORD of hosts has purposed it, to defile the pompous pride of all glory, to dishonor all the honored of the earth."”
Isaiah 23:9
Summary
Isaiah 23 is a prophecy concerning the city of Tyre, a prominent Phoenician port. The chapter opens with a warning of destruction that will cause merchants and seafarers to lament. As a major trading hub, Tyre's fall would impact regions as far as Tarshish and Egypt. The chapter describes how the pride and splendor of Tyre will be humbled by God as He brings about its downfall through the Babylonians. God’s judgment aims to humble the pride of all earthly powers. After seventy years, Tyre will be restored, yet her profits will be dedicated to the Lord, symbolizing the ultimate recognition of God's sovereignty.
Go deeper
Ask the AI about Isaiah 23
Bring your question about the chapter, the key verse, or how this passage fits the rest of Scripture.
Daily Scripture study
Get a short devotional by email
One passage, one reflection, and one practical question for the day.
Subscribe free and instantly get “Depth Without Seminary” — our step-by-step study guide (PDF).
One short email each morning. Unsubscribe anytime.
Studying Isaiah with a print Bible beside you? See our picks for the best study Bibles for women.
Chapter outline
How Isaiah 23 unfolds
Isaiah 23:1–2 Destruction Announced for Tyre
The chapter opens with a lament for Tyre, announcing its total destruction and revealing its fate to the ships of Tarshish and the inhabitants of Sidon.
Isaiah 23:3–5 Tyre's Economic Impact
Tyre, known for its vast wealth generated from trade, is described in verse 3 as the market of nations, with Egypt responding in anguish to Tyre's fate.
Isaiah 23:6–9 The Cause of Judgment
Tyre is called to mourn as the chapter reveals that God has orchestrated its downfall to humble the pride of its merchants and leaders.
Isaiah 23:10–12 Call to Mourn
The inhabitants of Tarshish are urged to mourn Tyre's destruction, as the prophecy states that even Sidon will face oppression and restlessness.
Isaiah 23:13–14 A Reminder of Judgment
The chapter recalls the fate of the Chaldeans, emphasizing God's power in destroying nations, culminating in a call for ships to howl at Tyre's ruin.
Isaiah 23:15–17 A Glimpse of Restoration
After a period of seventy years, Tyre will be remembered and restored, as the prophecy indicates that God will revisit her and her profits will serve Him.
Isaiah 23:18 Holiness of Her Merchandise
The final verse promises that Tyre's merchandise will be consecrated to God, marking a significant shift from her former pride to a state of service.
Key verses
Isaiah 23:9The key verse emphasizes God's purpose in humbling earthly pride, which encapsulates the chapter's primary message.
Main themes in Isaiah 23
Judgment of Nations
The theme of judgment surfaces in verses 9 and 11, where God decrees the fall of Tyre to humble its pride. The chapter illustrates how God uses foreign powers to execute judgment against nations that have become arrogant. This theme reflects a broader biblical principle that God holds nations accountable for their actions.
Pride and Humility
Verses 8 and 9 highlight Tyre's pride as a significant factor in its judgment, showcasing the city's status and wealth. The subsequent downfall underscores the biblical message that pride leads to destruction and that humility is essential. The chapter serves as a reminder that God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble.
Divine Sovereignty
The sovereignty of God is emphasized throughout the chapter, particularly in verses 9 and 11, which affirm His control over nations and their destinies. God's orchestration of Tyre's downfall demonstrates His authority in history, shaping events according to His will. This theme reassures readers of God's ultimate power over all earthly affairs.
Restoration
The theme of restoration is introduced in verse 17, where Tyre is promised a return after seventy years of desolation. The shift from judgment to restoration illustrates God's mercy and willingness to redeem those who have strayed. This theme points to a hopeful future, emphasizing that God's purposes ultimately lead to renewal and service.
Cross-references
Passages that echo Isaiah 23
- Ezekiel 27This passage echoes the rich trade and maritime power of Tyre, linking its economic downfall to God's judgment.
- Ezekiel 26This connects with Isaiah's prophecy, detailing the siege and destruction of Tyre by foreign nations.
- Revelation 18This passage develops the theme of judgment on commercial centers, paralleling Tyre's fall with the fate of Babylon.
- Deuteronomy 16This connects by highlighting the importance of holiness in offerings, which Tyre's future profits will reflect.
- Ezekiel 28This echoes the themes of pride and judgment against Tyre's rulers, emphasizing their downfall due to hubris.
- Genesis 10This connects by providing background on Tyre's origins and its significance within the ancient world.
Study questions
Questions for studying Isaiah 23
- What does the destruction of Tyre symbolize for its merchants and the nations around?
- How do verses 9 and 11 illustrate God's sovereignty over nations?
- What is the significance of the seventy-year period mentioned in the prophecy?
- In what way does Tyre's downfall affect Sidon and Egypt as described?
- How does the imagery of a prostitute relate to Tyre's identity and restoration?
- What role does pride play in the judgment against Tyre?
- How does the chapter reflect the themes of judgment and restoration in the broader biblical narrative?
Isaiah 23: frequently asked questions
What is Isaiah 23 about?+
What is the key verse in Isaiah 23?+
What are the main themes of Isaiah 23?+
Related chapters