Jeremiah 25
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1The word that came to Jeremiah concerning all the people of Judah, in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah (the same was the first year of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon), 2which Jeremiah the prophet spoke to all the people of Judah, and to all the inhabitants of Jerusalem: 3From the thirteenth year of Josiah the son of Amon, king of Judah, even to this day, these twenty-three years, Yahweh’s word has come to me, and I have spoken to you, rising up early and speaking; but you have not listened. 4Yahweh has sent to you all his servants the prophets, rising up early and sending them (but you have not listened or inclined your ear to hear), 5saying, “Return now everyone from his evil way, and from the evil of your doings, and dwell in the land that Yahweh has given to you and to your fathers, from of old and even forever more. 6Don’t go after other gods to serve them or worship them, and don’t provoke me to anger with the work of your hands; then I will do you no harm.” 7“Yet you have not listened to me,” says Yahweh; “that you may provoke me to anger with the work of your hands to your own hurt.” 8Therefore Yahweh of Armies says: “Because you have not heard my words, 9behold, I will send and take all the families of the north,” says Yahweh, “and I will send to Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon, my servant, and will bring them against this land, and against its inhabitants, and against all these nations around. I will utterly destroy them, and make them an astonishment, and a hissing, and perpetual desolations. 10Moreover I will take from them the voice of mirth and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstones, and the light of the lamp. 11This whole land will be a desolation, and an astonishment; and these nations will serve the king of Babylon seventy years. 12“It will happen, when seventy years are accomplished, that I will punish the king of Babylon and that nation,” says Yahweh, “for their iniquity. I will make the land of the Chaldeans desolate forever. 13I will bring on that land all my words which I have pronounced against it, even all that is written in this book, which Jeremiah has prophesied against all the nations. 14For many nations and great kings will make bondservants of them, even of them. I will recompense them according to their deeds, and according to the work of their hands.” 15For Yahweh, the God of Israel, says to me: “Take this cup of the wine of wrath from my hand, and cause all the nations to whom I send you to drink it. 16They will drink, and reel back and forth, and be insane, because of the sword that I will send among them.” 17Then took I the cup at Yahweh’s hand, and made all the nations to drink, to whom Yahweh had sent me: 18Jerusalem, and the cities of Judah, with its kings and its princes, to make them a desolation, an astonishment, a hissing, and a curse, as it is today; 19Pharaoh king of Egypt, with his servants, his princes, and all his people; 20and all the mixed people, and all the kings of the land of Uz, all the kings of the Philistines, Ashkelon, Gaza, Ekron, and the remnant of Ashdod; 21Edom, Moab, and the children of Ammon; 22and all the kings of Tyre, all the kings of Sidon, and the kings of the isle which is beyond the sea; 23Dedan, Tema, Buz, and all who have the corners of their beard cut off; 24and all the kings of Arabia, all the kings of the mixed people who dwell in the wilderness; 25and all the kings of Zimri, all the kings of Elam, and all the kings of the Medes; 26and all the kings of the north, far and near, one with another; and all the kingdoms of the world, which are on the surface of the earth. The king of Sheshach will drink after them. 27“You shall tell them, ‘Yahweh of Armies, the God of Israel says: “Drink, and be drunk, vomit, fall, and rise no more, because of the sword which I will send among you.”’ 28It shall be, if they refuse to take the cup at your hand to drink, then you shall tell them, ‘Yahweh of Armies says: “You shall surely drink. 29For, behold, I begin to work evil at the city which is called by my name; and should you be utterly unpunished? You will not be unpunished; for I will call for a sword on all the inhabitants of the earth, says Yahweh of Armies.”’ 30“Therefore prophesy against them all these words, and tell them, “‘Yahweh will roar from on high, and utter his voice from his holy habitation. He will mightily roar against his fold. He will give a shout, as those who tread grapes, against all the inhabitants of the earth. 31A noise will come even to the end of the earth; for Yahweh has a controversy with the nations. He will enter into judgment with all flesh. As for the wicked, he will give them to the sword,”’ says Yahweh.” 32Yahweh of Armies says, “Behold, evil will go out from nation to nation, and a great storm will be raised up from the uttermost parts of the earth.” 33The slain of Yahweh will be at that day from one end of the earth even to the other end of the earth. They won’t be lamented. They won’t be gathered or buried. They will be dung on the surface of the ground. 34Wail, you shepherds, and cry. Wallow in dust, you leader of the flock; for the days of your slaughter and of your dispersions have fully come, and you will fall like fine pottery. 35The shepherds will have no way to flee. The leader of the flock will have no escape. 36A voice of the cry of the shepherds, and the wailing of the leader of the flock, for Yahweh destroys their pasture. 37The peaceful folds are brought to silence because of the fierce anger of Yahweh. 38He has left his covert, as the lion; for their land has become an astonishment because of the fierceness of the oppression, and because of his fierce anger.
World English Bible (public domain)
“"This whole land shall become a ruin and a waste, and these nations shall serve the king of Babylon seventy years."”
Jeremiah 25:11
Summary
In Jeremiah 25, the prophet delivers a message from the Lord pronouncing judgment upon Judah and the surrounding nations. Jeremiah has been warning the people for twenty-three years without success, indicating their persistent disobedience and refusal to listen. The chapter highlights Babylon as the instrument of God's judgment, led by King Nebuchadnezzar, to bring devastation upon the land and nations around. This period of desolation is foretold to last seventy years, after which God promises to punish Babylon for its own sins, demonstrating His just and sovereign rule over all nations. The chapter underscores Jeremiah's role as a true prophet speaking God's words, warning of the consequences of sin, while asserting God's ultimate plan for restoration and judgment.
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Chapter outline
How Jeremiah 25 unfolds
Jeremiah 25:1–3 God’s Warning Through Jeremiah
In the fourth year of Jehoiakim, Jeremiah announces God's message to Judah, reminding them of the twenty-three years he has preached without their repentance. This sets the stage for the coming judgment due to their persistent disobedience.
Jeremiah 25:4–7 Repeated Calls for Repentance
God has continually sent prophets to urge the people to turn from their evil ways and avoid His anger. Despite His patient calls, the people have ignored these warnings, reinforcing their impending judgment.
Jeremiah 25:8–11 The Coming Judgment
Yahweh declares that since Judah has failed to heed His words, He will bring Nebuchadnezzar and Babylon against them, resulting in desolation for seventy years. This forewarning illustrates the severity of their disobedience.
Jeremiah 25:12–14 Judgment on Babylon
After the seventy years of servitude to Babylon, God promises to punish Babylon for its iniquity, highlighting His sovereignty over all nations. This signals a turnaround where God addresses the ultimate fate of all nations.
Jeremiah 25:15–29 The Cup of Wrath
Jeremiah symbolizes God's judgment as a cup of wrath, destined for various nations. Each nation will face consequences, underscoring God's authority over their actions and His intention to hold them accountable.
Jeremiah 25:30–38 The Extent of Judgment
The chapter concludes with a declaration of widespread judgment, as the Lord will roar against the nations. The fierce anger of God results in devastation, emphasizing the seriousness of ignoring His warnings.
Key verses
Jeremiah 25:11The key verse encapsulates the chapter's central message of judgment and the defined period of Babylonian rule as part of God's sovereign plan.
Main themes in Jeremiah 25
judgment
Judgment is a central theme in Jeremiah 25 as God announces impending destruction for Judah in verses 8-11. This judgment is not only for Judah but also extends to surrounding nations, emphasizing God's authority over all. The chapter illustrates that disobedience results in severe consequences, underscoring the seriousness of heeding divine warnings.
prophecy
The chapter serves as a prophetic declaration from God through Jeremiah in verses 1-3, detailing both immediate and future consequences for Judah and other nations. Jeremiah’s role as a prophet is critical as he conveys God's messages that foretell desolation and eventual restoration. The prophetic nature of the text points to God’s desire for His people to repent and turn back to Him.
sovereignty
God's sovereignty is prominently displayed as He declares His control over the nations in verses 9 and 14, specifically using Babylon as His instrument of judgment. The prophecy reveals that all kingdoms are subject to God's will, highlighting His ultimate authority. This theme reinforces the notion that God orchestrates history according to His divine plan.
restoration
Though primarily focused on judgment, the chapter hints at future restoration in verses 12-14 where God promises to punish Babylon after seventy years. This anticipation of restoration demonstrates that God's judgment is not the final word, as He has plans for renewal and hope for His people. Ultimately, it reflects God's enduring commitment to His covenant despite human failure.
Cross-references
Passages that echo Jeremiah 25
- Jeremiah 51This passage connects through the theme of God's judgment on Babylon, echoing the promise of punishment for their iniquities.
- Jeremiah 50This chapter develops the message of destruction against Babylon, aligning with the context of God's sovereignty and justice.
- Jeremiah 49The connection lies in shared themes of judgment against neighboring nations, emphasizing God's comprehensive authority over all.
- Jeremiah 1This reference echoes the prophetic calling of Jeremiah, highlighting his role in delivering God's messages of both warning and judgment.
- Jeremiah 7It connects through shared calls for repentance, illustrating the people's historical refusal to hearken to God’s warnings.
- Daniel 9This passage connects with the prophecy of seventy years of desolation, reinforcing themes of judgment and eventual restoration.
Study questions
Questions for studying Jeremiah 25
- What specific messages did Jeremiah deliver to the people of Judah?
- How long did Jeremiah warn the people before the judgment was pronounced?
- What reasons did God give for sending Babylon against Judah?
- What is the significance of the seventy years mentioned in this chapter?
- How does the imagery of the cup of wrath relate to God's judgment?
- In what ways does the chapter illustrate God’s sovereignty over all nations?
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