ScriptureDepth's study of Leviticus 20
“You shall be holy to me; for I, Yahweh, am holy, and have set you apart from the peoples, that you should be mine.”
Leviticus 20:26
Yahweh speaks to the children of Israel, commanding them to be holy as He is holy, which establishes their distinct identity among the peoples.
What Leviticus 20 is about
Yahweh spoke to Moses, instructing him to tell the children of Israel about the prohibition against idolatry. Anyone who gives their offspring to Molech shall be put to death by stoning (vv. 2-5). If the people ignore this act, they will face consequences. Those who consult mediums or wizards will also be cut off from their people (vv. 6-7).
Yahweh outlines the consequences for various immoral behaviors. A person who curses their parents must be put to death (vv. 9-10). Sexual immorality is defined in strict terms. Adultery, incest, and sexual relations with animals are all punishable by death (vv. 11-21). Yahweh calls the people to holiness, urging them to keep His statutes. They must distinguish between clean and unclean animals (vv. 22-25). Finally, mediums and wizards will face death for their practices (vv. 26-27).
Yahweh commands the people to be holy and separate from the nations around them.
Leviticus 20 at a glance
- Leviticus 20:1–5Prohibitions Against Idolatry
- Leviticus 20:6–11Consequences for Immoral Behavior
- Leviticus 20:12–21Sexual Immorality Defined
- Leviticus 20:22–27Call to Holiness and Distinction
Key verse: Leviticus 20:26
Summary and study helps: AI-drafted (September 2026), checked by automated Scripture gates. Spotted an error? Report it. Fixes are listed on the corrections page.
Chapter text
Read Leviticus 20 (WEB)
Prohibitions Against Idolatry Leviticus 20:1–5
1Verse 1. Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 2Verse 2. “Moreover, you shall tell the children of Israel, ‘Anyone of the children of Israel, or of the strangers who live as foreigners in Israel, who gives any of his offspring to Molech; he shall surely be put to death. The people of the land shall stone him with stones. 3Verse 3. I also will set my face against that person, and will cut him off from among his people because he has given of his offspring to Molech, to defile my sanctuary, and to profane my holy name. 4Verse 4. If the people of the land all hide their eyes from that person, when he gives of his offspring to Molech, and don’t put him to death;
5Verse 5. then I will set my face against that man, and against his family, and will cut him off, and all who play the prostitute after him, to play the prostitute with Molech, from among their people.
Consequences for Immoral Behavior Leviticus 20:6–11
6Verse 6. “‘The person that turns to those who are mediums, and to the wizards, to play the prostitute after them, I will even set my face against that person, and will cut him off from among his people. 7Verse 7. “‘Sanctify yourselves therefore, and be holy; for I am Yahweh your God. 8Verse 8. You shall keep my statutes, and do them. I am Yahweh who sanctifies you. 9Verse 9. “‘For everyone who curses his father or his mother shall surely be put to death: he has cursed his father or his mother; his blood shall be upon him. 10Verse 10. “‘The man who commits adultery with another man’s wife, even he who commits adultery with his neighbor’s wife, the adulterer and the adulteress shall surely be put to death.
11Verse 11. “‘The man who lies with his father’s wife has uncovered his father’s nakedness: both of them shall surely be put to death; their blood shall be upon them.
Sexual Immorality Defined Leviticus 20:12–21
12Verse 12. “‘If a man lies with his daughter-in-law, both of them shall surely be put to death: they have committed a perversion; their blood shall be upon them. 13Verse 13. “‘If a man lies with a male, as with a woman, both of them have committed an abomination: they shall surely be put to death; their blood shall be upon them. 14Verse 14. “‘If a man takes a wife and her mother, it is wickedness: they shall be burned with fire, both he and they; that there may be no wickedness among you. 15Verse 15. “‘If a man lies with an animal, he shall surely be put to death; and you shall kill the animal.
16Verse 16. “‘If a woman approaches any animal, and lies with it, you shall kill the woman and the animal. They shall surely be put to death. Their blood shall be upon them. 17Verse 17. “‘If a man takes his sister, his father’s daughter, or his mother’s daughter, and sees her nakedness, and she sees his nakedness; it is a shameful thing. They shall be cut off in the sight of the children of their people. He has uncovered his sister’s nakedness. He shall bear his iniquity. 18Verse 18. “‘If a man lies with a woman having her monthly period, and uncovers her nakedness; he has made naked her fountain, and she has uncovered the fountain of her blood. Both of them shall be cut off from among their people.
19Verse 19. “‘You shall not uncover the nakedness of your mother’s sister, nor of your father’s sister; for he has made his close relative naked. They shall bear their iniquity. 20Verse 20. If a man lies with his uncle’s wife, he has uncovered his uncle’s nakedness. They shall bear their sin. They shall die childless. 21Verse 21. “‘If a man takes his brother’s wife, it is an impurity. He has uncovered his brother’s nakedness. They shall be childless.
Call to Holiness and Distinction Leviticus 20:22–27
22Verse 22. “‘You shall therefore keep all my statutes, and all my ordinances, and do them; that the land, where I am bringing you to dwell, may not vomit you out. 23Verse 23. You shall not walk in the customs of the nation, which I am casting out before you: for they did all these things, and therefore I abhorred them. 24Verse 24. But I have said to you, “You shall inherit their land, and I will give it to you to possess it, a land flowing with milk and honey.” I am Yahweh your God, who has separated you from the peoples. 25Verse 25. “‘You shall therefore make a distinction between the clean animal and the unclean, and between the unclean fowl and the clean: and you shall not make yourselves abominable by animal, or by bird, or by anything with which the ground teems, which I have separated from you as unclean for you.
26Verse 26. You shall be holy to me; for I, Yahweh, am holy, and have set you apart from the peoples, that you should be mine. 27Verse 27. “‘A man or a woman that is a medium, or is a wizard, shall surely be put to death: they shall stone them with stones. Their blood shall be upon them.’”
World English Bible (public domain)
Go deeper
Ask the AI about Leviticus 20
Bring your question about the chapter, the key verse, or how this passage fits the rest of Scripture. Ask unlimited questions and keep study notes on every chapter. 7 days free, no card.
Main themes in Leviticus 20
Holiness and Separation
Yahweh calls the people to be holy as he is holy in verses 7-8. This call is connected to the distinctions between clean and unclean animals, which highlights the need for purity in the Israelites' lives (verse 25). The Israelites are reminded that they are set apart from other nations, affirming their unique relationship with Yahweh (verse 26). This theme is present throughout the prohibitions against behaviors that defile their holiness.
Consequences of Sin
Leviticus 20 outlines severe consequences for various sins, particularly those involving idolatry and sexual immorality. For instance, giving offspring to Molech results in the death penalty (v. 2), and various sexual sins, such as adultery, also lead to death (vv. 10-12). The text repeats that the blood of those who commit such acts shall be upon them, emphasizing personal accountability for sin (vv. 9, 11). This establishes a clear understanding of the repercussions of turning away from Yahweh.
Community Standards
The chapter establishes strict community standards for the Israelites, detailing behaviors that are unacceptable and warrant punishment. Idolatry, such as worshiping Molech, is met with a communal responsibility to execute judgment (vv. 2-5). In matters of sexual immorality, individuals who engage in such acts face consequences that affect not just themselves but the community's moral fabric (vv. 10-21). This shows the interconnectedness of personal conduct and community integrity within Israel.
Divine Justice
Divine justice is a recurring theme as Yahweh declares the penalties for various transgressions against his laws. The chapter details that those who engage in acts like idolatry or sexual immorality will face death (vv. 2, 10). Yahweh's warning against hiding one's eyes from such sins indicates that neglecting justice is itself a sin (v. 4). Thus, the text illustrates that God's justice is both individual and communal, ensuring that the holiness of the community is upheld.
Chapter outline
How Leviticus 20 unfolds
Leviticus 20:1–5 Prohibitions Against Idolatry
Yahweh commands Moses to address Israel about the punishments for offering children to Molech (v. 2), stating that those who do so will be put to death and cut off from their people (v. 3).
Leviticus 20:6–11 Consequences for Immoral Behavior
Yahweh warns that those who engage with mediums or wizards will be cut off from their people (v. 6). Cursing parents (v. 9) and committing adultery (v. 10) both lead to death.
Leviticus 20:12–21 Sexual Immorality Defined
The verses define sexual immorality, stating that a man lying with his daughter-in-law (v. 12) or with a male (v. 13) will both face death. Bestiality (vv. 15-16) also incurs death for both the man and the animal.
Leviticus 20:22–27 Call to Holiness and Distinction
Yahweh instructs the Israelites to keep His statutes to avoid being vomited out of the land (v. 22). He calls them to distinguish clean from unclean (v. 25) and affirms their holiness as His people (v. 26).
Key verses
Leviticus 20:26Yahweh speaks to the children of Israel, commanding them to be holy as He is holy, which establishes their distinct identity among the peoples.
Get a short devotional by email, one passage and one question a day.
One short email each morning, with the free study guide. Unsubscribe anytime. By subscribing you agree to our Terms and Privacy Policy. We use your address only to send this email.
Study questions
Questions for studying Leviticus 20
- observeWhat does Yahweh say must happen to anyone who gives their offspring to Molech in v2?
- observeIn v9, what consequence does the law prescribe for someone who curses their parents?
- interpretIn v23, why does God say He abhors the customs of the nations being cast out?
- interpretWhat does the phrase 'for I, Yahweh, am holy' in v26 suggest about the nature of God's expectations?
- applyWhen have you felt the need to distinguish between what is 'clean' and 'unclean' in your own life?
For Bible groups
Study Leviticus 20 with your group
A free one-page handout with the overview, key verse, outline and discussion questions, ready to print for everyone at the table.
Cross-references
Passages that echo Leviticus 20
- Leviticus 18Leviticus 20:13 and Leviticus 18:22Both prohibit sexual relations with a male: Leviticus 20:13 says, 'they shall surely be put to death,' while Leviticus 18:22 states, 'That is detestable.'
- Leviticus 19Leviticus 20:7 and Leviticus 19:2Both call for holiness: Leviticus 20:7 says, 'for I am Yahweh your God,' while Leviticus 19:2 states, 'for I, Yahweh your God, am holy.'
- 1 Peter 1Leviticus 20:7 and 1 Peter 1:16Both command holiness: Leviticus 20:7 says, 'for I am Yahweh your God,' while 1 Peter 1:16 states, 'You shall be holy; for I am holy.'
- 1 Corinthians 6Leviticus 20:13 and 1 Corinthians 6:9Both address sexual immorality: Leviticus 20:13 says, 'they shall surely be put to death,' while 1 Corinthians 6:9 states, 'the sexually immoral, nor idolaters, nor adulterers.'
- Leviticus 11Leviticus 20:7 and Leviticus 11:44Both command sanctification: Leviticus 20:7 says, 'for I am Yahweh your God,' while Leviticus 11:44 states, 'Sanctify yourselves therefore, and be holy.'
- Deuteronomy 27Leviticus 20:9 and Deuteronomy 27:16Both condemn dishonoring parents: Leviticus 20:9 says, 'he has cursed his father or his mother,' while Deuteronomy 27:16 states, 'Cursed is he who dishonors his father or his mother.'
Related chapters
Chapters that connect with Leviticus 20
Elsewhere on ScriptureDepth
Where to go from here
- Leviticus: the whole bookLeviticus picks up exactly where Exodus ends: God's glory now fills the tabernacle, and the urgent question is…
- Full Year Chronological Bible, day 47Day 47 of 365: Leviticus 19–21.
- ForgivenessWhat the Bible says about forgiveness, with verses.
- Common Bible questionsThe questions people bring to Bible study, each answered from the text.
- Today's devotionalOne verse and a short reflection, new every morning.
Leviticus 20: frequently asked questions
What is Leviticus 20 about?+
What is the key verse in Leviticus 20?+
What are the main themes of Leviticus 20?+
Studying Leviticus with a print Bible beside you? See our study Bible guides.