Matthew 5
Read Matthew 5 (WEB)+
1Seeing the multitudes, he went up onto the mountain. When he had sat down, his disciples came to him. 2He opened his mouth and taught them, saying, 3“Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven. 4Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted. 5Blessed are the gentle, for they shall inherit the earth. 6Blessed are those who hunger and thirst after righteousness, for they shall be filled. 7Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy. 8Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God. 9Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called children of God. 10Blessed are those who have been persecuted for righteousness’ sake, for theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven. 11“Blessed are you when people reproach you, persecute you, and say all kinds of evil against you falsely, for my sake. 12Rejoice, and be exceedingly glad, for great is your reward in heaven. For that is how they persecuted the prophets who were before you. 13“You are the salt of the earth, but if the salt has lost its flavor, with what will it be salted? It is then good for nothing, but to be cast out and trodden under the feet of men. 14You are the light of the world. A city located on a hill can’t be hidden. 15Neither do you light a lamp, and put it under a measuring basket, but on a stand; and it shines to all who are in the house. 16Even so, let your light shine before men; that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father who is in heaven. 17“Don’t think that I came to destroy the law or the prophets. I didn’t come to destroy, but to fulfill. 18For most certainly, I tell you, until heaven and earth pass away, not even one smallest letter or one tiny pen stroke shall in any way pass away from the law, until all things are accomplished. 19Whoever, therefore, shall break one of these least commandments, and teach others to do so, shall be called least in the Kingdom of Heaven; but whoever shall do and teach them shall be called great in the Kingdom of Heaven. 20For I tell you that unless your righteousness exceeds that of the scribes and Pharisees, there is no way you will enter into the Kingdom of Heaven. 21“You have heard that it was said to the ancient ones, ‘You shall not murder;’ and ‘Whoever murders will be in danger of the judgment.’ 22But I tell you, that everyone who is angry with his brother without a cause will be in danger of the judgment; and whoever says to his brother, ‘Raca!’ will be in danger of the council; and whoever says, ‘You fool!’ will be in danger of the fire of Gehenna. 23“If therefore you are offering your gift at the altar, and there remember that your brother has anything against you, 24leave your gift there before the altar, and go your way. First be reconciled to your brother, and then come and offer your gift. 25Agree with your adversary quickly, while you are with him on the way; lest perhaps the prosecutor deliver you to the judge, and the judge deliver you to the officer, and you be cast into prison. 26Most certainly I tell you, you shall by no means get out of there, until you have paid the last penny. 27“You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall not commit adultery;’ 28but I tell you that everyone who gazes at a woman to lust after her has committed adultery with her already in his heart. 29If your right eye causes you to stumble, pluck it out and throw it away from you. For it is more profitable for you that one of your members should perish, than for your whole body to be cast into Gehenna. 30If your right hand causes you to stumble, cut it off, and throw it away from you. For it is more profitable for you that one of your members should perish, than for your whole body to be cast into Gehenna. 31“It was also said, ‘Whoever shall put away his wife, let him give her a writing of divorce,’ 32but I tell you that whoever puts away his wife, except for the cause of sexual immorality, makes her an adulteress; and whoever marries her when she is put away commits adultery. 33“Again you have heard that it was said to them of old time, ‘You shall not make false vows, but shall perform to the Lord your vows,’ 34but I tell you, don’t swear at all: neither by heaven, for it is the throne of God; 35nor by the earth, for it is the footstool of his feet; nor by Jerusalem, for it is the city of the great King. 36Neither shall you swear by your head, for you can’t make one hair white or black. 37But let your ‘Yes’ be ‘Yes’ and your ‘No’ be ‘No.’ Whatever is more than these is of the evil one. 38“You have heard that it was said, ‘An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth.’ 39But I tell you, don’t resist him who is evil; but whoever strikes you on your right cheek, turn to him the other also. 40If anyone sues you to take away your coat, let him have your cloak also. 41Whoever compels you to go one mile, go with him two. 42Give to him who asks you, and don’t turn away him who desires to borrow from you. 43“You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.’ 44But I tell you, love your enemies, bless those who curse you, do good to those who hate you, and pray for those who mistreat you and persecute you, 45that you may be children of your Father who is in heaven. For he makes his sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the just and the unjust. 46For if you love those who love you, what reward do you have? Don’t even the tax collectors do the same? 47If you only greet your friends, what more do you do than others? Don’t even the tax collectors do the same? 48Therefore you shall be perfect, just as your Father in heaven is perfect.
World English Bible (public domain)
Listen to this chapter summary · ~1 min
“"Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven."”
Matthew 5:3
Summary
Matthew 5 is a pivotal chapter in the Gospel, presenting the opening of the Sermon on the Mount where Jesus addresses a large crowd. He introduces the Beatitudes, a series of blessings that describe the values of God's kingdom—values like poverty of spirit, meekness, and peacemaking. These teachings challenge conventional views by elevating the lowly and encouraging righteousness and mercy. Jesus also discusses the essence of the law, emphasizing internal transformation rather than external compliance. He reinterprets Old Testament commands, explaining the deeper ethical commitments they demand. This chapter underscores the radical nature of Jesus' teachings, especially his call to love enemies and live with purity of heart.
Go deeper
Ask the AI about Matthew 5
Bring your question about the chapter, the key verse, or how this passage fits the rest of Scripture.
Daily Scripture study
Get a short devotional by email
One passage, one reflection, and one practical question for the day.
Subscribe free and instantly get “Depth Without Seminary” — our step-by-step study guide (PDF).
One short email each morning. Unsubscribe anytime.
Studying Matthew with a print Bible beside you? See our picks for the best study Bibles for beginners.
Chapter outline
How Matthew 5 unfolds
Matthew 5:1–12 Introduction to the Beatitudes
Jesus begins his Sermon on the Mount by teaching the crowds about the characteristics blessed by God. The Beatitudes highlight values such as humility and mercy, emphasizing the Kingdom's unexpected priorities.
Matthew 5:13–16 Salt and Light Metaphors
Jesus uses the metaphors of salt and light to convey the role of his followers in the world. Their good works should shine, bringing glory to God rather than themselves.
Matthew 5:17–20 Fulfillment of the Law
Jesus clarifies his relationship with the Jewish law, asserting that he came to fulfill it rather than abolish it. He underscores a higher standard of righteousness necessary for entering the Kingdom of Heaven.
Matthew 5:21–26 Anger and Reconciliation
Jesus extends the command against murder to include anger, urging reconciliation before worship. This redefinition reveals the importance of inner dispositions and relationships over mere external compliance.
Matthew 5:27–32 Adultery and Divorce
The teachings expand the understanding of adultery beyond actions to include lustful thoughts. Jesus addresses divorce, emphasizing the sanctity of marriage and the seriousness of the commitment.
Matthew 5:33–47 Oaths and Love for Enemies
Jesus teaches about the integrity of speech, advocating for straightforward honesty. He challenges traditional views of love, calling for love towards enemies and active kindness, reflecting God’s character.
Matthew 5:48 Call to Perfection
The chapter concludes with a call to be perfect as God is perfect, summarizing the high ethical and spiritual standard expected from Jesus' followers.
Key verses
Matthew 5:3Matthew 5:3 encapsulates the chapter's focus on the values of the Kingdom and the characteristics that signify true blessedness.
Main themes in Matthew 5
Kingdom values
Kingdom values emerge prominently in the Beatitudes, particularly in verses 3-12, where Jesus articulates the characteristics of those who are blessed. These values, including meekness, mercy, and peacemaking, stand in stark contrast to the expectations and norms of society. The chapter develops this theme by presenting a radical redefinition of what it means to be blessed, illustrating how God's Kingdom prioritizes qualities that the world often overlooks.
Righteousness
Righteousness is a key theme seen in verses 20-48, where Jesus contrasts external behavior with inner attitudes. He emphasizes that true righteousness exceeds that of the Pharisees, focusing on heart condition rather than mere law-keeping. This deepens the understanding of what it means to live in accordance with God's will.
Inner transformation
Inner transformation is highlighted throughout the chapter, especially in Jesus' reinterpretation of the law in verses 21-48, where He emphasizes deeper moral and spiritual integrity. He stresses that true righteousness involves not only outward actions but also the intentions and attitudes of the heart. This theme underscores the significant internal change required for those who follow Him, affirming that God desires genuine devotion rather than mere compliance with the law.
Ethical teachings
Ethical teachings are woven throughout the chapter, particularly in Jesus' discussions on anger, lust, and love for enemies from verses 21-47. He challenges the listeners to adopt higher ethical standards that prioritize love and mercy over strict adherence to the law. These teachings emphasize the transformative nature of living out God's commands.
Cross-references
Passages that echo Matthew 5
- Luke 6Luke's account of the Beatitudes echoes similar themes of blessing and woe, emphasizing the reversal of worldly values.
- Matthew 6Matthew 6 develops the call for inner piety and integrity, complementing the teachings on character found in Matthew 5.
- James 1James 1 connects by urging believers to embody the attitudes of humility and mercy, aligning with the Beatitudes.
- 1 Peter 21 Peter 2 resonates with the call to be holy and to reflect God's character, aligning with the moral teachings of Matthew 5.
- Romans 12Romans 12 develops the ethical teaching of loving enemies, mirroring Jesus' radical command in Matthew 5.
- 1 Peter 31 Peter 3 connects by illustrating the call to respond with blessing instead of cursing, echoing the love for enemies taught in Matthew 5.
Study questions
Questions for studying Matthew 5
- What qualities does Jesus bless in the Beatitudes?
- How do salt and light function as metaphors for believers?
- What does Jesus mean by fulfilling the law?
- In what way does Jesus redefine murder and anger?
- How does the call to love enemies challenge common attitudes?
- What significance does the concept of perfection hold in this chapter?
Matthew 5: frequently asked questions
What is Matthew 5 about?+
What is the key verse in Matthew 5?+
What are the main themes of Matthew 5?+
Studied in
Where Matthew 5 comes up on ScriptureDepth
- ArticleWhat Does John 3:16 Mean?
- ArticleMatthew 5:3-4: The Beatitudes Explained for Beginners
- ArticleHow the Old and New Testaments Fit Together
- ArticleWhat Does Agape Mean in the Bible? Love That Does Not Depend on You
- ArticleWhat the Bible Says About Anger: Key Passages Explained
- ArticleWhat the Bible Says About Grief: Key Passages Explained
Related chapters