Galatians 3
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1Foolish Galatians, who has bewitched you not to obey the truth, before whose eyes Jesus Christ was openly portrayed among you as crucified? 2I just want to learn this from you: Did you receive the Spirit by the works of the law, or by hearing of faith? 3Are you so foolish? Having begun in the Spirit, are you now completed in the flesh? 4Did you suffer so many things in vain, if it is indeed in vain? 5He therefore who supplies the Spirit to you, and does miracles among you, does he do it by the works of the law, or by hearing of faith? 6Even as Abraham “believed God, and it was counted to him for righteousness.” 7Know therefore that those who are of faith, the same are children of Abraham. 8The Scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the Gentiles by faith, preached the Good News beforehand to Abraham, saying, “In you all the nations will be blessed.” 9So then, those who are of faith are blessed with the faithful Abraham. 10For as many as are of the works of the law are under a curse. For it is written, “Cursed is everyone who doesn’t continue in all things that are written in the book of the law, to do them.” 11Now that no man is justified by the law before God is evident, for, “The righteous will live by faith.” 12The law is not of faith, but, “The man who does them will live by them.” 13Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law, having become a curse for us. For it is written, “Cursed is everyone who hangs on a tree,” 14that the blessing of Abraham might come on the Gentiles through Christ Jesus; that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith. 15Brothers, speaking of human terms, though it is only a man’s covenant, yet when it has been confirmed, no one makes it void, or adds to it. 16Now the promises were spoken to Abraham and to his offspring. He doesn’t say, “To descendants”, as of many, but as of one, “To your offspring”, which is Christ. 17Now I say this: A covenant confirmed beforehand by God in Christ, the law, which came four hundred thirty years after, does not annul, so as to make the promise of no effect. 18For if the inheritance is of the law, it is no more of promise; but God has granted it to Abraham by promise. 19Then why is there the law? It was added because of transgressions, until the offspring should come to whom the promise has been made. It was ordained through angels by the hand of a mediator. 20Now a mediator is not between one, but God is one. 21Is the law then against the promises of God? Certainly not! For if there had been a law given which could make alive, most certainly righteousness would have been of the law. 22But the Scriptures imprisoned all things under sin, that the promise by faith in Jesus Christ might be given to those who believe. 23But before faith came, we were kept in custody under the law, confined for the faith which should afterwards be revealed. 24So that the law has become our tutor to bring us to Christ, that we might be justified by faith. 25But now that faith has come, we are no longer under a tutor. 26For you are all children of God, through faith in Christ Jesus. 27For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ. 28There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free man, there is neither male nor female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus. 29If you are Christ’s, then you are Abraham’s offspring and heirs according to promise.
World English Bible (public domain)
“"Now it is evident that no one is justified before God by the law, for 'The righteous shall live by faith.'"”
Galatians 3:11
Summary
In Galatians chapter 3, Paul addresses the Galatian believers with a strong rebuke for their departure from the gospel of grace. He questions them about how they received the Spirit—is it by works of the law or by hearing with faith? Paul moves on to use the example of Abraham, emphasizing that those who have faith are the true children of Abraham, and thus heirs to the promise. The law, Paul explains, was given to guide and lead people to Christ, showing their need for faith rather than works for justification. The chapter further explains the purpose of the law and how it served to highlight the necessity of faith in Jesus Christ. As such, believers are unified and equally inheritors of the promise in Christ.
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Chapter outline
How Galatians 3 unfolds
Galatians 3:1–5 Paul's Concern for the Galatians
Paul rebukes the Galatians for being misled away from the truth of the gospel, questioning how they received the Spirit, by law or faith.
Galatians 3:6–9 Abraham as an Example
Paul cites Abraham’s faith as foundational, declaring that all who have faith are considered children of Abraham and share in the blessings.
Galatians 3:10–14 The Curse of the Law
The chapter explains that those relying on the law are under a curse, but Christ redeems believers from this curse, allowing them to receive the Spirit.
Galatians 3:15–20 The Purpose of the Law
Paul clarifies that the law, given later, does not annul God’s promise to Abraham, serving instead as a mediator until Christ arrived.
Galatians 3:21–25 The Law and Faith
The law cannot grant life; rather, it serves to highlight humanity's sinfulness, leading to justification through faith in Christ.
Galatians 3:26–29 Unity and Inheritance in Christ
Paul concludes by affirming that all who believe are children of God, united in Christ and heirs to the promise given to Abraham.
Key verses
Galatians 3:11Galatians 3:11 is pivotal as it succinctly states the foundation of justification, emphasizing faith over the law.
Main themes in Galatians 3
justification by faith
This theme surfaces in verses 11 and 24 as Paul emphasizes that justification cannot be achieved through the law. The argument develops by contrasting the law’s role with faith in Christ, showing that faith is the means of being justified. This underscores the chapter's larger movement toward understanding salvation as a gift, not a result of human effort.
purpose of the law
The purpose of the law is articulated in verses 19 and 24, where Paul states it was added to address transgressions. He explains that the law functions as a tutor, preparing believers for the coming of faith in Christ. This role of the law is crucial for understanding the transition from law to grace.
inheritance through faith
Inheritance through faith is highlighted in verse 29, where believers are declared heirs according to the promise made to Abraham. Paul develops this theme by reiterating that all who have faith are united as children of God. This reinforces the notion that the promise is accessible to all, irrespective of background.
unity in Christ
Unity in Christ is exemplified in verse 28, where Paul asserts that there are no distinctions among believers based on their backgrounds. The chapter develops this theme by emphasizing that faith in Jesus brings together individuals from diverse ethnicities, social standings, and genders into a single community. This underscores the concept that all believers share a collective identity in Christ, highlighting the importance of unity within the body of Christ as they navigate their faith together.
Cross-references
Passages that echo Galatians 3
- Romans 3This passage connects by affirming that righteousness comes through faith, echoing Paul's argument against reliance on the law.
- Romans 8This passage develops the theme of being justified by faith, as it speaks of the freedom found in Christ, similar to Galatians.
- Romans 4This echoes the example of Abraham's faith, reinforcing the concept of faith being credited as righteousness.
- Romans 10This connects to the call for faith, showing that belief in Christ is central to salvation, paralleling Galatians.
- John 1This passage connects through the theme of receiving faith, highlighting the transformative power of believing in Christ.
- Galatians 4This develops the theme of believers as heirs, continuing the argument about inheritance through faith established in Galatians 3.
Study questions
Questions for studying Galatians 3
- What does Paul mean by calling the Galatians foolish?
- How is Abraham's faith significant in this chapter?
- What role does the law play according to Paul?
- How does Paul contrast law and faith in justification?
- What does being a child of God through faith imply for believers?
- How does this chapter address division among believers?
Galatians 3: frequently asked questions
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