Jeremiah 36
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1In the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah, this word came to Jeremiah from Yahweh, saying, 2“Take a scroll of a book, and write in it all the words that I have spoken to you against Israel, and against Judah, and against all the nations, from the day I spoke to you, from the days of Josiah, even to this day. 3It may be that the house of Judah will hear all the evil which I intend to do to them; that they may each return from his evil way; that I may forgive their iniquity and their sin.” 4Then Jeremiah called Baruch the son of Neriah; and Baruch wrote from the mouth of Jeremiah all Yahweh’s words, which he had spoken to him, on a scroll of a book. 5Jeremiah commanded Baruch, saying, “I am restricted. I can’t go into Yahweh’s house. 6Therefore you go, and read from the scroll which you have written from my mouth, Yahweh’s words, in the ears of the people in Yahweh’s house on the fast day. Also you shall read them in the ears of all Judah who come out of their cities. 7It may be they will present their supplication before Yahweh, and will each return from his evil way; for Yahweh has pronounced great anger and wrath against this people.” 8Baruch the son of Neriah did according to all that Jeremiah the prophet commanded him, reading in the book Yahweh’s words in Yahweh’s house. 9Now in the fifth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah, in the ninth month, all the people in Jerusalem, and all the people who came from the cities of Judah to Jerusalem, proclaimed a fast before Yahweh. 10Then Baruch read the words of Jeremiah from the book in Yahweh’s house, in the room of Gemariah the son of Shaphan, the scribe, in the upper court, at the entry of the new gate of Yahweh’s house, in the ears of all the people. 11When Micaiah the son of Gemariah, the son of Shaphan, had heard out of the book all Yahweh’s words, 12he went down into the king’s house, into the scribe’s room: and behold, all the princes were sitting there, Elishama the scribe, Delaiah the son of Shemaiah, Elnathan the son of Achbor, Gemariah the son of Shaphan, Zedekiah the son of Hananiah, and all the princes. 13Then Micaiah declared to them all the words that he had heard, when Baruch read the book in the ears of the people. 14Therefore all the princes sent Jehudi the son of Nethaniah, the son of Shelemiah, the son of Cushi, to Baruch, saying, “Take in your hand the scroll in which you have read in the ears of the people, and come.” So Baruch the son of Neriah took the scroll in his hand, and came to them. 15They said to him, “Sit down now, and read it in our hearing.” So Baruch read it in their hearing. 16Now when they had heard all the words, they turned in fear one toward another, and said to Baruch, “We will surely tell the king of all these words.” 17They asked Baruch, saying, “Tell us now, how did you write all these words at his mouth?” 18Then Baruch answered them, “He dictated all these words to me with his mouth, and I wrote them with ink in the book.” 19Then the princes said to Baruch, “You and Jeremiah go hide. Don’t let anyone know where you are.” 20They went in to the king into the court; but they had laid up the scroll in the room of Elishama the scribe. Then they told all the words in the hearing of the king. 21So the king sent Jehudi to get the scroll; and he took it out of the room of Elishama the scribe. Jehudi read it in the hearing of the king, and in the hearing of all the princes who stood beside the king. 22Now the king was sitting in the winter house in the ninth month; and there was a fire in the brazier burning before him. 23When Jehudi had read three or four leaves, the king cut it with the penknife, and cast it into the fire that was in the brazier, until all the scroll was consumed in the fire that was in the brazier. 24The king and his servants who heard all these words were not afraid, and didn’t tear their garments. 25Moreover Elnathan and Delaiah and Gemariah had made intercession to the king that he would not burn the scroll; but he would not listen to them. 26The king commanded Jerahmeel the king’s son, and Seraiah the son of Azriel, and Shelemiah the son of Abdeel, to arrest Baruch the scribe and Jeremiah the prophet; but Yahweh hid them. 27Then Yahweh’s word came to Jeremiah, after the king had burned the scroll, and the words which Baruch wrote at the mouth of Jeremiah, saying, 28“Take again another scroll, and write in it all the former words that were in the first scroll, which Jehoiakim the king of Judah has burned. 29Concerning Jehoiakim king of Judah you shall say, ‘Yahweh says: “You have burned this scroll, saying, “Why have you written therein, saying, ‘The king of Babylon will certainly come and destroy this land, and will cause to cease from there man and animal?’”’ 30Therefore Yahweh says concerning Jehoiakim king of Judah: “He will have no one to sit on David’s throne. His dead body will be cast out in the day to the heat, and in the night to the frost. 31I will punish him, his offspring, and his servants for their iniquity. I will bring on them, on the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and on the men of Judah, all the evil that I have pronounced against them, but they didn’t listen.”’” 32Then took Jeremiah another scroll, and gave it to Baruch the scribe, the son of Neriah, who wrote therein from the mouth of Jeremiah all the words of the book which Jehoiakim king of Judah had burned in the fire; and many similar words were added to them.
World English Bible (public domain)
“"Take a scroll and write on it all the words that I have spoken to you against Israel and Judah and all the nations, from the day I spoke to you, from the days of Josiah until today."”
Jeremiah 36:2
Summary
Jeremiah 36 reveals a pivotal moment in the ministry of the prophet Jeremiah. The Lord instructed Jeremiah to write all the words He had spoken against Israel and Judah on a scroll. This was an opportunity for the people to repent and turn from their evil ways. Jeremiah dictated the words to his scribe, Baruch, who then read them aloud in the temple on a day of fasting. The leaders of Judah reacted with a mix of fear and determination to inform King Jehoiakim. Unfortunately, Jehoiakim, rather than heeding the warning, destroyed the scroll, cutting it piece by piece and burning it. Despite the king's actions, God commanded Jeremiah to produce another scroll with the same message, signifying the indestructibility of God's word.
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Chapter outline
How Jeremiah 36 unfolds
Jeremiah 36:1–3 Jeremiah Receives God's Instruction
In the fourth year of Jehoiakim, God commands Jeremiah to write a scroll containing all His words against Israel, Judah, and other nations to urge repentance.
Jeremiah 36:4–8 Baruch Writes the Scroll
Jeremiah dictates the words to Baruch, who writes them down and reads them publicly in Yahweh's house on a fast day, calling for repentance.
Jeremiah 36:9–13 The Scroll is Read to Leaders
During a fast, Baruch reads the scroll to the people in Jerusalem, prompting Micaiah to inform the princes of its content.
Jeremiah 36:14–20 Princes Seek to Know More
The princes request Baruch to read the scroll to them, and upon hearing it, they express fear and decide to report it to the king.
Jeremiah 36:21–26 Jehoiakim's Reaction
King Jehoiakim hears the scroll read but shows defiance by cutting it up and burning it, ignoring intercessions to spare the message.
Jeremiah 36:27–32 God's Command to Rewrite
After the scroll's destruction, God instructs Jeremiah to write a new scroll with the same words, emphasizing the unyielding nature of His message.
Key verses
Jeremiah 36:2Jeremiah 36:2 encapsulates the chapter's essence by highlighting God's command to document His words, emphasizing the urgency for repentance.
Main themes in Jeremiah 36
repentance
The theme of repentance is central in Jeremiah 36, as God hopes the people will turn from their evil ways after hearing His warnings (verse 3). The urgency of the scroll's message calls for immediate action, showcasing God's desire for His people to return to Him. This theme underscores the broader narrative of Jeremiah's prophetic ministry, which consistently emphasizes the need for the people to repent.
Explore repentance in the Bible →God's sovereignty
God's sovereignty is illustrated by His control over the events in Jeremiah 36, particularly in dictating the message to be written (verse 2) and later commanding Jeremiah to rewrite it after its destruction. Despite King Jehoiakim's defiance and attempts to silence God's word, God’s authority prevails, demonstrating that His plans cannot be thwarted. This theme reinforces the idea that God's will is ultimately accomplished regardless of human resistance.
human obstinacy
Human obstinacy emerges in the actions of King Jehoiakim, who chooses to burn the scroll instead of heeding its warnings (verses 23-24). Despite the fear exhibited by the princes, the king's refusal to repent illustrates a recurring theme of resistance to God's message. This obstinacy highlights the tragic consequences of ignoring divine warnings, reflecting the struggle between God's call for repentance and human stubbornness.
indestructibility of God's word
The indestructibility of God's word is a key focus in Jeremiah 36, especially after Jehoiakim's attempt to eliminate the scroll (verse 24). Despite the king's actions, God commands a new scroll to be written, showing that His message endures beyond human efforts to suppress it. This theme emphasizes the permanence and authority of God's word throughout history.
Cross-references
Passages that echo Jeremiah 36
- Jeremiah 26Jeremiah 26 connects as it also depicts the consequences of ignoring prophetic warnings, highlighting the theme of repentance.
- 2 Kings 222 Kings 22 develops the context of Josiah's reign, where the rediscovery of the law prompted significant reform, reminiscent of the call to repentance in Jeremiah 36.
- Jeremiah 22Jeremiah 22 echoes themes of judgment against kings, including Jehoiakim, reinforcing the consequences of disobedience to God's commands.
- Jeremiah 32Jeremiah 32 connects through its themes of faithfulness amidst adversity, paralleling the struggle to recognize God's word in Jeremiah 36.
- 2 Chronicles 342 Chronicles 34 develops the background of Josiah's reforms and the importance of God's word, echoing the urgency expressed in Jeremiah 36.
- Jeremiah 1Jeremiah 1 connects by establishing Jeremiah's prophetic calling, which unfolds through the events recorded in Jeremiah 36.
Study questions
Questions for studying Jeremiah 36
- What instructions does God give to Jeremiah in this chapter?
- How does Baruch contribute to the dissemination of God's message?
- What is the reaction of the princes to the scroll's content?
- How does King Jehoiakim respond to the reading of the scroll?
- What does God instruct Jeremiah to do after the scroll is burned?
- What themes of repentance and defiance are evident in this chapter?
- In what ways does this chapter highlight the perseverance of God's word?
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