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John 10

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1“Most certainly, I tell you, one who doesn’t enter by the door into the sheep fold, but climbs up some other way, the same is a thief and a robber. 2But one who enters in by the door is the shepherd of the sheep. 3The gatekeeper opens the gate for him, and the sheep listen to his voice. He calls his own sheep by name, and leads them out. 4Whenever he brings out his own sheep, he goes before them, and the sheep follow him, for they know his voice. 5They will by no means follow a stranger, but will flee from him; for they don’t know the voice of strangers.” 6Jesus spoke this parable to them, but they didn’t understand what he was telling them. 7Jesus therefore said to them again, “Most certainly, I tell you, I am the sheep’s door. 8All who came before me are thieves and robbers, but the sheep didn’t listen to them. 9I am the door. If anyone enters in by me, he will be saved, and will go in and go out, and will find pasture. 10The thief only comes to steal, kill, and destroy. I came that they may have life, and may have it abundantly. 11I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep. 12He who is a hired hand, and not a shepherd, who doesn’t own the sheep, sees the wolf coming, leaves the sheep, and flees. The wolf snatches the sheep, and scatters them. 13The hired hand flees because he is a hired hand, and doesn’t care for the sheep. 14I am the good shepherd. I know my own, and I’m known by my own; 15even as the Father knows me, and I know the Father. I lay down my life for the sheep. 16I have other sheep, which are not of this fold. I must bring them also, and they will hear my voice. They will become one flock with one shepherd. 17Therefore the Father loves me, because I lay down my life, that I may take it again. 18No one takes it away from me, but I lay it down by myself. I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again. I received this commandment from my Father.” 19Therefore a division arose again among the Jews because of these words. 20Many of them said, “He has a demon, and is insane! Why do you listen to him?” 21Others said, “These are not the sayings of one possessed by a demon. It isn’t possible for a demon to open the eyes of the blind, is it?” 22It was the Feast of the Dedication at Jerusalem. 23It was winter, and Jesus was walking in the temple, in Solomon’s porch. 24The Jews therefore came around him and said to him, “How long will you hold us in suspense? If you are the Christ, tell us plainly.” 25Jesus answered them, “I told you, and you don’t believe. The works that I do in my Father’s name, these testify about me. 26But you don’t believe, because you are not of my sheep, as I told you. 27My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me. 28I give eternal life to them. They will never perish, and no one will snatch them out of my hand. 29My Father, who has given them to me, is greater than all. No one is able to snatch them out of my Father’s hand. 30I and the Father are one.” 31Therefore Jews took up stones again to stone him. 32Jesus answered them, “I have shown you many good works from my Father. For which of those works do you stone me?” 33The Jews answered him, “We don’t stone you for a good work, but for blasphemy: because you, being a man, make yourself God.” 34Jesus answered them, “Isn’t it written in your law, ‘I said, you are gods?’ 35If he called them gods, to whom the word of God came (and the Scripture can’t be broken), 36do you say of him whom the Father sanctified and sent into the world, ‘You blaspheme,’ because I said, ‘I am the Son of God?’ 37If I don’t do the works of my Father, don’t believe me. 38But if I do them, though you don’t believe me, believe the works; that you may know and believe that the Father is in me, and I in the Father.” 39They sought again to seize him, and he went out of their hand. 40He went away again beyond the Jordan into the place where John was baptizing at first, and there he stayed. 41Many came to him. They said, “John indeed did no sign, but everything that John said about this man is true.” 42Many believed in him there.

World English Bible (public domain)

I came that they may have life and have it abundantly.

John 10:10

Summary

In John chapter 10, Jesus presents himself as the Good Shepherd, contrasting himself with false shepherds who neglect and exploit the sheep. He begins with a parable about the sheepfold, emphasizing that only the true shepherd can enter by the door. The sheep recognize his voice and follow him, illustrating the deep relationship between Jesus and his followers. This chapter highlights the importance of listening to Christ, who calls his own by name, assuring them of their security in his care. Jesus' claim to be the door is pivotal, as it signifies that he is the only way to salvation and abundant life, unlike those who came before him who were thieves and robbers, seeking to harm rather than nurture the flock. The chapter also references the unity of the Father and the Son, conveying the theological truth of the Incarnation and divine mission of Christ to grant eternal life to those who believe in him. Furthermore, the division among the Jews over Jesus’ identity stands as a significant theme, as some see him as a demon-possessed madman while others recognize his miraculous works as evidence of his divine authority.

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Chapter outline

How John 10 unfolds

  1. John 10:1–6 The Parable of the Sheepfold

    Jesus begins by contrasting the true shepherd with thieves and robbers, emphasizing the sheep's recognition of his voice.

  2. John 10:7–10 Jesus as the Door

    Jesus identifies himself as the sheep's door, asserting that entry through him leads to salvation and abundant life.

  3. John 10:11–16 Jesus as the Good Shepherd

    He declares himself the Good Shepherd who lays down his life for the sheep, highlighting his sacrificial role.

  4. John 10:17–21 Division Among the Jews

    Jesus' statements about his identity and mission provoke division, with some claiming he is demon-possessed while others defend him.

  5. John 10:22–30 Claim of Unity with the Father

    Jesus speaks about his works and unity with the Father, asserting his divine authority and identity as the Son of God.

  6. John 10:31–39 Accusations of Blasphemy

    The Jews attempt to stone Jesus for blasphemy, but he counters with questions about his works and scripture.

  7. John 10:40–42 Ministry Beyond the Jordan

    Jesus retreats beyond the Jordan, where many acknowledge his identity and believe in him based on John’s testimony.

Key verses

  • John 10:10John 10:10 encapsulates the chapter's emphasis on Jesus' mission to provide abundant life, contrasting with the destruction brought by others.

Main themes in John 10

Christ as the Good Shepherd

This theme surfaces when Jesus declares himself the Good Shepherd in verse 11. The chapter develops this theme by contrasting Jesus' sacrificial leadership with that of hired hands who abandon the sheep in times of danger. It emphasizes the depth of Jesus' commitment to his followers, illustrating his unique authority and protective nature over them, which is central to understanding the relationship between the shepherd and his flock.

The security of the believer

In verses 28-29, Jesus assures his followers of their eternal security in him, emphasizing that no one can snatch them from his care. The chapter complicates this theme by discussing the relationship between belief and belonging to Jesus' flock, suggesting that true security comes from a personal relationship with him. Ultimately, it reassures believers of their safety in the hands of both the Son and the Father, reinforcing the idea of divine protection.

Hearing and following the voice of Jesus

Throughout the chapter, particularly in verses 27 and 4, the emphasis is on the sheep hearing and recognizing the shepherd's voice as a vital aspect of their relationship. This theme develops the idea of discernment in faith, highlighting how followers must actively listen and respond to Jesus’ guidance. It underscores the necessity of attentive listening for a faithful response, suggesting that true discipleship involves both recognizing and following with commitment.

The exclusivity of Christ in salvation

Jesus' declaration in verse 9 that he is the sole door emphasizes the exclusivity of access to salvation through him alone. The chapter complicates this by mentioning other sheep not in this fold, indicating a broader mission that includes those outside traditional Jewish boundaries. It affirms that while salvation is exclusive to Christ, it also extends beyond, inviting a diverse array of followers into his fold.

Cross-references

Passages that echo John 10

Study questions

Questions for studying John 10

  1. What imagery does Jesus use to describe himself and others in this chapter?
  2. How does Jesus illustrate the relationship between the shepherd and the sheep?
  3. What does Jesus mean by saying he is the door?
  4. Why do some Jews accuse Jesus of blasphemy?
  5. How does the reaction of the crowd in verses 41-42 reflect their understanding of Jesus?
  6. What does the claim of Jesus and the Father being one signify?
  7. How does this chapter relate to the theme of eternal life?

John 10: frequently asked questions

What is John 10 about?+
In John chapter 10, Jesus presents himself as the Good Shepherd, contrasting himself with false shepherds who neglect and exploit the sheep. He begins with a parable about the sheepfold, emphasizing that only the true shepherd can enter by the door. The sheep recognize his voice and follow him, illustrating the deep relationship between Jesus and his followers. This chapter highlights the importance of listening to Christ, who calls his own by name, assuring them of their security in his care. Jesus' claim to be the door is pivotal, as it signifies that he is the only way to salvation and abundant life, unlike those who came before him who were thieves and robbers, seeking to harm rather than nurture the flock. The chapter also references the unity of the Father and the Son, conveying the theological truth of the Incarnation and divine mission of Christ to grant eternal life to those who believe in him. Furthermore, the division among the Jews over Jesus’ identity stands as a significant theme, as some see him as a demon-possessed madman while others recognize his miraculous works as evidence of his divine authority.
What is the key verse in John 10?+
John 10:10: "The thief only comes to steal, kill, and destroy. I came that they may have life, and may have it abundantly."
What are the main themes of John 10?+
The main themes of John 10 are Christ as the Good Shepherd, The security of the believer, Hearing and following the voice of Jesus, The exclusivity of Christ in salvation.

Related chapters

Chapters that connect with John 10

Study Notes