ScriptureDepth's study of Ephesians 1
“having predestined us for adoption as children through Jesus Christ to himself, according to the good pleasure of his desire,”
Ephesians 1:5
Paul writes to the Ephesians about their predestination for adoption as children through Jesus Christ, establishing their identity and belonging within God's family.
What Ephesians 1 is about
Paul greets the saints in Ephesus and offers them grace and peace from God (vv. 1-2). He praises God for blessing believers with 'every spiritual blessing in the heavenly places in Christ' (v. 3). God chose believers before the foundation of the world to be holy and adopts them as children through Jesus (vv. 4-5). In Christ, they receive redemption and forgiveness through his blood, as God reveals the mystery of his will (vv. 6-10). Believers have an inheritance, having been foreordained according to God’s purpose, and they are sealed with the Holy Spirit as a pledge of their inheritance (vv. 11-14). Paul gives thanks for their faith and prays that they receive wisdom and revelation about God's hope and power (vv. 15-19). He describes Christ's authority over all earthly and heavenly powers, noting that he is the head of the church, which is his body (vv. 20-23).
Believers are sealed with the Holy Spirit as a guarantee of their inheritance and the hope of God's calling.
Ephesians 1 at a glance
- Ephesians 1:1–2Greeting and Blessings
- Ephesians 1:3–6Spiritual Blessings in Christ
- Ephesians 1:7–10Redemption and Forgiveness
- Ephesians 1:11–14Inheritance and the Holy Spirit
- Ephesians 1:15–19Prayer for Wisdom
- Ephesians 1:20–23Christ's Authority and the Church
Key verse: Ephesians 1:5
Summary and study helps: AI-drafted (September 2026), checked by automated Scripture gates. Spotted an error? Report it. Fixes are listed on the corrections page.
Chapter text
Read Ephesians 1 (WEB)
Greeting and Blessings Ephesians 1:1–2
1Verse 1. Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus through the will of God, to the saints who are at Ephesus, and the faithful in Christ Jesus: 2Verse 2. Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
Spiritual Blessings in Christ Ephesians 1:3–6
3Verse 3. Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us with every spiritual blessing in the heavenly places in Christ; 4Verse 4. even as he chose us in him before the foundation of the world, that we would be holy and without defect before him in love; 5Verse 5. having predestined us for adoption as children through Jesus Christ to himself, according to the good pleasure of his desire, 6Verse 6. to the praise of the glory of his grace, by which he freely gave us favor in the Beloved,
Redemption and Forgiveness Ephesians 1:7–10
7Verse 7. in whom we have our redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace, 8Verse 8. which he made to abound toward us in all wisdom and prudence, 9Verse 9. making known to us the mystery of his will, according to his good pleasure which he purposed in him 10Verse 10. to an administration of the fullness of the times, to sum up all things in Christ, the things in the heavens, and the things on the earth, in him;
Inheritance and the Holy Spirit Ephesians 1:11–14
11Verse 11. in whom also we were assigned an inheritance, having been foreordained according to the purpose of him who does all things after the counsel of his will; 12Verse 12. to the end that we should be to the praise of his glory, we who had before hoped in Christ. 13Verse 13. In him you also, having heard the word of the truth, the Good News of your salvation—in whom, having also believed, you were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit, 14Verse 14. who is a pledge of our inheritance, to the redemption of God’s own possession, to the praise of his glory.
Prayer for Wisdom Ephesians 1:15–19
15Verse 15. For this cause I also, having heard of the faith in the Lord Jesus which is among you, and the love which you have toward all the saints, 16Verse 16. don’t cease to give thanks for you, making mention of you in my prayers, 17Verse 17. that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give to you a spirit of wisdom and revelation in the knowledge of him; 18Verse 18. having the eyes of your hearts enlightened, that you may know what is the hope of his calling, and what are the riches of the glory of his inheritance in the saints,
19Verse 19. and what is the exceeding greatness of his power toward us who believe, according to that working of the strength of his might
Christ's Authority and the Church Ephesians 1:20–23
20Verse 20. which he worked in Christ, when he raised him from the dead, and made him to sit at his right hand in the heavenly places, 21Verse 21. far above all rule, and authority, and power, and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this age, but also in that which is to come. 22Verse 22. He put all things in subjection under his feet, and gave him to be head over all things for the assembly, 23Verse 23. which is his body, the fullness of him who fills all in all.
World English Bible (public domain)
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Main themes in Ephesians 1
Spiritual blessings
In vv. 3-6, Paul writes about how 'God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ' has blessed believers with 'every spiritual blessing in the heavenly places in Christ.' This blessing includes being chosen 'before the foundation of the world' to be holy and blameless. The text moves forward by explaining how these blessings are tied to God's will and grace, affirming that they are given freely to those in Christ.
God's sovereignty
Paul expresses God's sovereignty in vv. 11-12, explaining that believers were 'foreordained according to the purpose of him who does all things after the counsel of his will.' This indicates that God's plan is not arbitrary but is carried out with intention and authority. The chapter continues by affirming that everything is subject to Christ's authority, illustrating the overarching control of God in all matters.
Redemption and forgiveness
In vv. 7-10, Paul discusses redemption through Christ's blood, emphasizing that this brings 'the forgiveness of our trespasses.' This act of redemption aligns with the 'riches of his grace' and reveals God's will to unite all things under Christ. The text moves on to connect this theme with the inheritance believers receive, further establishing the comprehensive nature of salvation in Christ.
The power of the Holy Spirit
In verse 13, Paul states that believers are 'sealed with the promised Holy Spirit' after they believe the gospel. This sealing designates them as belonging to God and acts as a guarantee of their inheritance. The chapter further discusses the Holy Spirit's role in helping believers grasp the 'exceeding greatness of his power' linked to Christ's resurrection, illustrating the Spirit's active presence in their lives.
Chapter outline
How Ephesians 1 unfolds
Ephesians 1:1–2 Greeting and Blessings
Paul introduces himself as 'an apostle of Christ Jesus through the will of God' and addresses the 'saints who are at Ephesus' with a greeting of grace and peace (vv. 1-2).
Ephesians 1:3–6 Spiritual Blessings in Christ
God is praised for blessing believers with 'every spiritual blessing in the heavenly places in Christ' and for choosing them 'before the foundation of the world' to be holy and loved (vv. 3-6).
Ephesians 1:7–10 Redemption and Forgiveness
In Christ, believers receive 'redemption through his blood' and 'the forgiveness of our trespasses,' as God reveals 'the mystery of his will' to unify all things in Him (vv. 7-10).
Ephesians 1:11–14 Inheritance and the Holy Spirit
Believers are 'assigned an inheritance' and sealed with the 'promised Holy Spirit,' marking them as God's possession, fulfilling His purpose to the praise of His glory (vv. 11-14).
Ephesians 1:15–19 Prayer for Wisdom
Paul expresses thanks for the faith and love of the Ephesians, praying that God grants them a spirit of wisdom and revelation to know the hope and riches of their calling (vv. 15-19).
Ephesians 1:20–23 Christ's Authority and the Church
God raised Christ from the dead and made Him 'to sit at his right hand in the heavenly places,' establishing Him as head over the church, which is His body (vv. 20-23).
Key verses
Ephesians 1:5Paul writes to the Ephesians about their predestination for adoption as children through Jesus Christ, establishing their identity and belonging within God's family.
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Study questions
Questions for studying Ephesians 1
- observeIn v6, what does Paul say God has done 'to the praise of the glory of his grace'?
- observeWhat phrase in v13 describes how the Ephesians were 'sealed'?
- interpretThe phrase 'according to the good pleasure of his desire' in v5: what implications does this have for understanding God's choices?
- interpretThe phrase 'the riches of his grace' in v7: how does this shape our view of forgiveness?
- applyWhat does being 'sealed with the promised Holy Spirit' in v13 mean for your daily decisions?
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Cross-references
Passages that echo Ephesians 1
- Romans 8Ephesians 1:4 and Romans 8:29Both choose: Ephesians 1:4 says we are chosen before the foundation of the world, while Romans 8:29 states those foreknown are predestined.
- Colossians 1Ephesians 1:17 and Colossians 1:9Both pray for wisdom: Ephesians 1:17 asks for a spirit of wisdom and revelation, while Colossians 1:9 seeks knowledge of His will.
- Ephesians 3Ephesians 1:19 and Ephesians 3:20Both power: Ephesians 1:19 speaks of greatness of His power toward believers, while Ephesians 3:20 refers to power that works in us.
- 1 Peter 1Ephesians 1:3 and 1 Peter 1:3Both bless: Ephesians 1:3 says He has blessed us with spiritual blessings, while 1 Peter 1:3 states we are born again to a living hope.
- Ephesians 2Ephesians 1:4 and Ephesians 2:10Both create for good works: Ephesians 1:4 says we are chosen to be holy, while Ephesians 2:10 states we are created for good works.
- Ephesians 4Ephesians 1:13 and Ephesians 4:30Both seal: Ephesians 1:13 states we are sealed with the Holy Spirit, while Ephesians 4:30 warns not to grieve the Holy Spirit.
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Where to go from here
- Ephesians: the whole bookWritten during Paul's Roman imprisonment and likely intended to circulate among the churches of Asia Minor…
- Full Year Chronological Bible, day 341Day 341 of 365: Romans 15–16 · Ephesians 1.
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