ScriptureDepth's study of Exodus 40
“Then the cloud covered the Tent of Meeting, and Yahweh’s glory filled the tabernacle.”
Exodus 40:34
Yahweh fills the tabernacle with His glory, which settles the significance of the completed tabernacle, marking it as His dwelling place among the Israelites.
What Exodus 40 is about
Yahweh instructs Moses on the setup of the tabernacle, starting on the first day of the first month (vv. 1-2). He gives specific orders for placing the ark, table, lamp stand, and altar (vv. 3-6). The anointing oil is to be used for consecrating the tabernacle and its furnishings (vv. 9-10). Moses is to wash Aaron and his sons, dress them in holy garments, and anoint them for the priesthood (vv. 12-15). Following these commands, Moses raises the tabernacle, sets its parts in order, and places the testimony in the ark (vv. 16-21). He arranges the furnishings, lighting the lamps and burning incense (vv. 22-27). After finalizing the offerings and setting up the court, Moses completes the work (vv. 28-33). Finally, the cloud of Yahweh covers the tabernacle, and His glory fills it (vv. 34-38).
Yahweh's glory fills the tabernacle, indicating His presence among the Israelites.
Exodus 40 at a glance
- Exodus 40:1–9Instructions for Setting Up the Tabernacle
- Exodus 40:10–15Anointing and Consecration of the Altar and Priests
- Exodus 40:16–21Moses Completes the Tabernacle Setup
- Exodus 40:22–27Arranging the Furnishings
- Exodus 40:28–30Finalizing the Tabernacle and Offerings
- Exodus 40:31–33Priestly Cleansing and Completion
- Exodus 40:34–38The Glory of Yahweh Fills the Tabernacle
Key verse: Exodus 40:34
Summary and study helps: AI-drafted (September 2026), checked by automated Scripture gates. Spotted an error? Report it. Fixes are listed on the corrections page.
Chapter text
Read Exodus 40 (WEB)
Instructions for Setting Up the Tabernacle Exodus 40:1–9
1Verse 1. Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 2Verse 2. “On the first day of the first month you shall raise up the tabernacle of the Tent of Meeting. 3Verse 3. You shall put the ark of the testimony in it, and you shall screen the ark with the veil. 4Verse 4. You shall bring in the table, and set in order the things that are on it. You shall bring in the lamp stand, and light its lamps. 5Verse 5. You shall set the golden altar for incense before the ark of the testimony, and put the screen of the door to the tabernacle. 6Verse 6. “You shall set the altar of burnt offering before the door of the tabernacle of the Tent of Meeting.
7Verse 7. You shall set the basin between the Tent of Meeting and the altar, and shall put water therein. 8Verse 8. You shall set up the court around it, and hang up the screen of the gate of the court. 9Verse 9. “You shall take the anointing oil, and anoint the tabernacle, and all that is in it, and shall make it holy, and all its furniture: and it will be holy.
Anointing and Consecration of the Altar and Priests Exodus 40:10–15
10Verse 10. You shall anoint the altar of burnt offering, with all its vessels, and sanctify the altar: and the altar will be most holy. 11Verse 11. You shall anoint the basin and its base, and sanctify it. 12Verse 12. “You shall bring Aaron and his sons to the door of the Tent of Meeting, and shall wash them with water. 13Verse 13. You shall put on Aaron the holy garments; and you shall anoint him, and sanctify him, that he may minister to me in the priest’s office. 14Verse 14. You shall bring his sons, and put coats on them. 15Verse 15. You shall anoint them, as you anointed their father, that they may minister to me in the priest’s office. Their anointing shall be to them for an everlasting priesthood throughout their generations.”
Moses Completes the Tabernacle Setup Exodus 40:16–21
16Verse 16. Moses did so. According to all that Yahweh commanded him, so he did. 17Verse 17. In the first month in the second year, on the first day of the month, the tabernacle was raised up. 18Verse 18. Moses raised up the tabernacle, and laid its sockets, and set up its boards, and put in its bars, and raised up its pillars. 19Verse 19. He spread the covering over the tent, and put the roof of the tabernacle above on it, as Yahweh commanded Moses. 20Verse 20. He took and put the testimony into the ark, and set the poles on the ark, and put the mercy seat above on the ark.
21Verse 21. He brought the ark into the tabernacle, and set up the veil of the screen, and screened the ark of the testimony, as Yahweh commanded Moses.
Arranging the Furnishings Exodus 40:22–27
22Verse 22. He put the table in the Tent of Meeting, on the side of the tabernacle northward, outside of the veil. 23Verse 23. He set the bread in order on it before Yahweh, as Yahweh commanded Moses. 24Verse 24. He put the lamp stand in the Tent of Meeting, opposite the table, on the side of the tabernacle southward. 25Verse 25. He lit the lamps before Yahweh, as Yahweh commanded Moses. 26Verse 26. He put the golden altar in the Tent of Meeting before the veil; 27Verse 27. and he burned incense of sweet spices on it, as Yahweh commanded Moses.
Finalizing the Tabernacle and Offerings Exodus 40:28–30
28Verse 28. He put up the screen of the door to the tabernacle. 29Verse 29. He set the altar of burnt offering at the door of the tabernacle of the Tent of Meeting, and offered on it the burnt offering and the meal offering, as Yahweh commanded Moses. 30Verse 30. He set the basin between the Tent of Meeting and the altar, and put water therein, with which to wash.
Priestly Cleansing and Completion Exodus 40:31–33
31Verse 31. Moses, Aaron, and his sons washed their hands and their feet there. 32Verse 32. When they went into the Tent of Meeting, and when they came near to the altar, they washed, as Yahweh commanded Moses. 33Verse 33. He raised up the court around the tabernacle and the altar, and set up the screen of the gate of the court. So Moses finished the work.
The Glory of Yahweh Fills the Tabernacle Exodus 40:34–38
34Verse 34. Then the cloud covered the Tent of Meeting, and Yahweh’s glory filled the tabernacle. 35Verse 35. Moses wasn’t able to enter into the Tent of Meeting, because the cloud stayed on it, and Yahweh’s glory filled the tabernacle. 36Verse 36. When the cloud was taken up from over the tabernacle, the children of Israel went onward, throughout all their journeys; 37Verse 37. but if the cloud wasn’t taken up, then they didn’t travel until the day that it was taken up. 38Verse 38. For the cloud of Yahweh was on the tabernacle by day, and there was fire in the cloud by night, in the sight of all the house of Israel, throughout all their journeys.
World English Bible (public domain)
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Main themes in Exodus 40
The Presence of God
In verse 34, the text states that 'the cloud covered the Tent of Meeting, and Yahweh’s glory filled the tabernacle.' This marks a direct manifestation of God's presence among His people. The narrative concludes with the divine presence guiding Israel throughout their journeys, as seen in verses 36-38, indicating that God remained with them and was actively involved in their path.
Obedience to Divine Commands
The chapter focuses on Moses' adherence to God's detailed instructions for building and consecrating the tabernacle. In verses 16 and 19, it repeatedly states that 'according to all that Yahweh commanded him, so he did.' This obedience is pivotal in establishing the proper worship and functioning of the tabernacle as intended by God.
Sanctification and Holiness
Sanctification is evident in the instructions for anointing the tabernacle and its furnishings. In verses 9-11, Moses is commanded to 'anoint the tabernacle, and all that is in it, and shall make it holy.' This act sets apart the tabernacle for divine service, indicating how holiness is required for the worship of Yahweh.
God's Covenant Relationship with His People
The text outlines the covenant relationship through the establishment of the priesthood. In verses 13-15, Aaron and his sons are anointed, and this process signifies their role in service to God. The enduring nature of this priesthood, described as 'an everlasting priesthood throughout their generations,' indicates the ongoing relationship and commitment between God and His people.
Chapter outline
How Exodus 40 unfolds
Exodus 40:1–9 Instructions for Setting Up the Tabernacle
Yahweh instructs Moses on setting up the tabernacle, detailing the placement of the ark, veil, and altar, as well as anointing the tabernacle and its furnishings to make them holy (vv. 2-9).
Exodus 40:10–15 Anointing and Consecration of the Altar and Priests
Moses is commanded to anoint the altar of burnt offering and the priests, Aaron and his sons, for their roles in the priesthood, establishing their consecration as a lasting ordinance (vv. 10-15).
Exodus 40:16–21 Moses Completes the Tabernacle Setup
Moses fulfills Yahweh's commands by constructing the tabernacle, setting up its components, and ensuring the proper placement of the ark and veil, completing the physical structure (vv. 16-21).
Exodus 40:22–27 Arranging the Furnishings
Moses arranges the furnishings within the tabernacle, including the table of showbread and the lampstand, and lights the lamps as prescribed by Yahweh (vv. 22-27).
Exodus 40:28–30 Finalizing the Tabernacle and Offerings
Moses finalizes the tabernacle by erecting the door screen and performing the required offerings at the altar, adhering to the instructions given by Yahweh (vv. 28-30).
Exodus 40:31–33 Priestly Cleansing and Completion
Moses, Aaron, and his sons participate in ritual washing at the basin, completing the necessary cleansing before entering the tabernacle, thereby fulfilling Yahweh's commands (vv. 31-33).
Exodus 40:34–38 The Glory of Yahweh Fills the Tabernacle
The cloud covers the Tent of Meeting, and 'Yahweh’s glory filled the tabernacle,' preventing Moses from entering (vv. 34-35). The Israelites travel only when the cloud is lifted, with 'the cloud of Yahweh' present by day and fire by night (vv. 36-38).
Key verses
Exodus 40:34Yahweh fills the tabernacle with His glory, which settles the significance of the completed tabernacle, marking it as His dwelling place among the Israelites.
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Study questions
Questions for studying Exodus 40
- observeIn v2, what specific day is Moses instructed to raise up the tabernacle?
- observeWhat does Moses do in v17 on the first day of the first month?
- interpretIn v15, what does 'everlasting priesthood' imply about the role of Aaron and his sons?
- interpretIn v34, what does the cloud covering the Tent of Meeting indicate about God's presence?
- applyWhen have you felt a space or moment was made holy, like the tabernacle in v9?
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Cross-references
Passages that echo Exodus 40
- Exodus 26Exodus 40:22 and Exodus 26:35Both set the table: Exodus 40:22 says it was put northward, while Exodus 26:35 says it goes outside the veil.
- Numbers 9Exodus 40:34 and Numbers 9:15Both cover the tabernacle: Exodus 40:34 notes the cloud's covering, while Numbers 9:15 describes it with fire at night.
- Exodus 30Exodus 40:7 and Exodus 30:18Both set the basin: Exodus 40:7 places it between the Tent and altar, while Exodus 30:18 mentions it for washing.
- Hebrews 9Exodus 40:4 and Hebrews 9:2Both mention the lamp stand: Exodus 40:4 instructs to light its lamps, while Hebrews 9:2 describes its placement.
- Exodus 29Exodus 40:34 and Exodus 29:43Both express sanctification: Exodus 40:34 speaks of glory filling it, while Exodus 29:43 mentions meeting with Israel.
- Exodus 25Exodus 40:25 and Exodus 25:37Both light the lamps: Exodus 40:25 notes it was done as commanded, while Exodus 25:37 sets the number of lamps.
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