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A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another. Just as I have loved you, you also love one another.

John 13:34

Jesus gives his disciples a command to love one another, which defines their identity as his disciples through mutual love, as seen in 'love one another'.

What John 13 is about

Before the Passover feast, Jesus knows his time has come. He loves his disciples until the end. During supper, he washes their feet, surprising Peter, who initially resists. Jesus explains that unless he washes Peter, he has no part with him. Peter then asks Jesus to wash more than his feet. Jesus tells him that those who are clean need only their feet washed (vv. 1-11). After washing their feet, Jesus teaches them about servanthood, stating that if he, their Teacher, washed their feet, they should also wash one another's feet (vv. 12-17). He reveals that one will betray him, identifying Judas Iscariot while the others remain confused (vv. 18-30). Jesus then gives a new commandment to love one another as he has loved them; this love will identify them as his disciples (vv. 31-35). Finally, Jesus predicts Peter's denial, stating that the rooster will crow before Peter denies him three times (vv. 36-38).

The chapter leaves the reader holding the command to love one another as Jesus has loved them.

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John 13 at a glance

  1. John 13:1–5Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet
  2. John 13:6–11Peter's Resistance and Understanding
  3. John 13:12–17The Example of Servanthood
  4. John 13:18–30The Betrayal Revealed
  5. John 13:31–35A New Commandment to Love
  6. John 13:36–38Peter's Denial Predicted

Key verse: John 13:34

One thing to notice

In vv. 21-27, Jesus, troubled in spirit, reveals that one of the disciples will betray him. Judas Iscariot is identified as the betrayer when he receives the piece of bread from Jesus. Judas then departs immediately in v. 30, moving the story forward.

Summary and study helps: AI-drafted (September 2026), checked by automated Scripture gates. Spotted an error? Report it. Fixes are listed on the corrections page.

Chapter text

Read John 13 (WEB)

Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet John 13:1–5

Verse 1. Now before the feast of the Passover, Jesus, knowing that his time had come that he would depart from this world to the Father, having loved his own who were in the world, he loved them to the end. Verse 2. During supper, the devil having already put into the heart of Judas Iscariot, Simon’s son, to betray him, Verse 3. Jesus, knowing that the Father had given all things into his hands, and that he came from God, and was going to God, Verse 4. arose from supper, and laid aside his outer garments. He took a towel, and wrapped a towel around his waist.

Verse 5. Then he poured water into the basin, and began to wash the disciples’ feet, and to wipe them with the towel that was wrapped around him.

Peter's Resistance and Understanding John 13:6–11

Verse 6. Then he came to Simon Peter. He said to him, “Lord, do you wash my feet?”Verse 7. Jesus answered him,“You don’t know what I am doing now, but you will understand later.”Verse 8. Peter said to him, “You will never wash my feet!”Jesus answered him,“If I don’t wash you, you have no part with me.”Verse 9. Simon Peter said to him, “Lord, not my feet only, but also my hands and my head!”Verse 10. Jesus said to him,“Someone who has bathed only needs to have his feet washed, but is completely clean. You are clean, but not all of you.”Verse 11. For he knew him who would betray him, therefore he said,“You are not all clean.”

The Example of Servanthood John 13:12–17

Verse 12. So when he had washed their feet, put his outer garment back on, and sat down again, he said to them, “Do you know what I have done to you? Verse 13. You call me, ‘Teacher’ and ‘Lord.’ You say so correctly, for so I am. Verse 14. If I then, the Lord and the Teacher, have washed your feet, you also ought to wash one another’s feet. Verse 15. For I have given you an example, that you also should do as I have done to you. Verse 16. Most certainly I tell you, a servant is not greater than his lord, neither one who is sent greater than he who sent him.

Verse 17. If you know these things, blessed are you if you do them.

The Betrayal Revealed John 13:18–30

Verse 18. I don’t speak concerning all of you. I know whom I have chosen. But that the Scripture may be fulfilled, ‘He who eats bread with me has lifted up his heel against me.’ Verse 19. From now on, I tell you before it happens, that when it happens, you may believe that I am he. Verse 20. Most certainly I tell you, he who receives whomever I send, receives me; and he who receives me, receives him who sent me.” Verse 21. When Jesus had said this, he was troubled in spirit, and testified, “Most certainly I tell you that one of you will betray me.”

Verse 22. The disciples looked at one another, perplexed about whom he spoke. Verse 23. One of his disciples, whom Jesus loved, was at the table, leaning against Jesus’ breast. Verse 24. Simon Peter therefore beckoned to him, and said to him, “Tell us who it is of whom he speaks.” Verse 25. He, leaning back, as he was, on Jesus’ breast, asked him, “Lord, who is it?” Verse 26. Jesus therefore answered, “It is he to whom I will give this piece of bread when I have dipped it.” So when he had dipped the piece of bread, he gave it to Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot. Verse 27. After the piece of bread, then Satan entered into him. Then Jesus said to him, “What you do, do quickly.”

Verse 28. Now no man at the table knew why he said this to him. Verse 29. For some thought, because Judas had the money box, that Jesus said to him, “Buy what things we need for the feast,” or that he should give something to the poor. Verse 30. Therefore having received that morsel, he went out immediately. It was night.

A New Commandment to Love John 13:31–35

Verse 31. When he had gone out, Jesus said, “Now the Son of Man has been glorified, and God has been glorified in him. Verse 32. If God has been glorified in him, God will also glorify him in himself, and he will glorify him immediately. Verse 33. Little children, I will be with you a little while longer. You will seek me, and as I said to the Jews, ‘Where I am going, you can’t come,’ so now I tell you. Verse 34. A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another. Just as I have loved you, you also love one another. Verse 35. By this everyone will know that you are my disciples, if you have love for one another.”

Peter's Denial Predicted John 13:36–38

Verse 36. Simon Peter said to him, “Lord, where are you going?”Jesus answered,“Where I am going, you can’t follow now, but you will follow afterwards.”Verse 37. Peter said to him, “Lord, why can’t I follow you now? I will lay down my life for you.”Verse 38. Jesus answered him,“Will you lay down your life for me? Most certainly I tell you, the rooster won’t crow until you have denied me three times.

World English Bible (public domain)

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Main themes in John 13

servanthood

In vv. 4-5, Jesus 'arose from supper' and began to wash the disciples’ feet, showing humility and servanthood. He instructs them in v. 14, stating that if he, 'the Lord and the Teacher,' has washed their feet, they also should wash one another’s feet. This act serves as an example of how to serve others, establishing a model for their interactions moving forward.

love

In vv. 34-35, Jesus gives a 'new commandment' to love one another just as he has loved them. This command emphasizes the relational quality of love that should define their community. Jesus asserts that their love for one another will be the distinguishing mark of his disciples, steering the focus from mere belief to active expression of love among them.

Explore love in the Bible →

betrayal

Betrayal surfaces in vv. 21-30, where Jesus reveals that one of the disciples will betray him. In v. 26, he identifies Judas, stating, 'It is he to whom I will give this piece of bread.' The chapter concludes with Judas leaving in v. 30, marking the beginning of the events leading to Jesus' crucifixion and the culmination of his betrayal.

community

In vv. 12-17, Jesus speaks of community by teaching the disciples about mutual servanthood. He instructs them to wash one another’s feet, which fosters a sense of belonging and shared responsibility. This communal bond is further emphasized in v. 34, where love for one another becomes the defining characteristic of their collective identity.

Chapter outline

How John 13 unfolds

  1. John 13:1–5 Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet

    Before the Passover feast, Jesus knows his time has come. He washes the disciples' feet, showing humility by laying aside his outer garments and using a towel (vv. 1-5).

  2. John 13:6–11 Peter's Resistance and Understanding

    Peter questions Jesus washing his feet, asserting, 'You will never wash my feet.' Jesus replies that without the washing, Peter has no part with him (vv. 6-8).

  3. John 13:12–17 The Example of Servanthood

    Jesus explains that he has given an example of servanthood, instructing the disciples to wash one another's feet, illustrating a principle of mutual service (vv. 12-17).

  4. John 13:18–30 The Betrayal Revealed

    Jesus reveals that one of the disciples will betray him, causing confusion and concern among them. He identifies Judas through the gesture of giving him the dipped piece of bread (vv. 18-30).

  5. John 13:31–35 A New Commandment to Love

    Jesus announces a new commandment, instructing the disciples to love one another as he has loved them, which will identify them as his disciples (vv. 31-35).

  6. John 13:36–38 Peter's Denial Predicted

    Peter asks where Jesus is going and insists he will lay down his life for him. Jesus predicts that Peter will deny him three times before the rooster crows (vv. 36-38).

Key verses

  • John 13:34Jesus gives his disciples a command to love one another, which defines their identity as his disciples through mutual love, as seen in 'love one another'.

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Study questions

Questions for studying John 13

Uses your daily Ask questions.

  1. observeWhat does Peter say in v6 when Jesus approaches him?
  2. observeIn v34, what is the new commandment that Jesus gives to His disciples?
  3. interpretJesus' statement in v10 about being 'completely clean', how does this relate to the foot washing?
  4. interpretRegarding Judas in v27, what does it mean when it says 'Satan entered into him'?
  5. applyHow might the act of washing feet in v5 challenge your view of service to others?

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John 13: frequently asked questions

What is John 13 about?+
Before the Passover feast, Jesus knows his time has come. He loves his disciples until the end.
What is the key verse in John 13?+
John 13:34: “A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another. Just as I have loved you, you also love one another.”
What are the main themes of John 13?+
The main themes of John 13 are servanthood, love, betrayal, community.

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