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Luke 22

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1Now the feast of unleavened bread, which is called the Passover, was approaching. 2The chief priests and the scribes sought how they might put him to death, for they feared the people. 3Satan entered into Judas, who was also called Iscariot, who was counted with the twelve. 4He went away, and talked with the chief priests and captains about how he might deliver him to them. 5They were glad, and agreed to give him money. 6He consented, and sought an opportunity to deliver him to them in the absence of the multitude. 7The day of unleavened bread came, on which the Passover must be sacrificed. 8Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and prepare the Passover for us, that we may eat.” 9They said to him, “Where do you want us to prepare?” 10He said to them, “Behold, when you have entered into the city, a man carrying a pitcher of water will meet you. Follow him into the house which he enters. 11Tell the master of the house, ‘The Teacher says to you, “Where is the guest room, where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?”’ 12He will show you a large, furnished upper room. Make preparations there.” 13They went, found things as Jesus had told them, and they prepared the Passover. 14When the hour had come, he sat down with the twelve apostles. 15He said to them, “I have earnestly desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer, 16for I tell you, I will no longer by any means eat of it until it is fulfilled in God’s Kingdom.” 17He received a cup, and when he had given thanks, he said, “Take this, and share it among yourselves, 18for I tell you, I will not drink at all again from the fruit of the vine, until God’s Kingdom comes.” 19He took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke, and gave it to them, saying, “This is my body which is given for you. Do this in memory of me.” 20Likewise, he took the cup after supper, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood, which is poured out for you. 21But behold, the hand of him who betrays me is with me on the table. 22The Son of Man indeed goes, as it has been determined, but woe to that man through whom he is betrayed!” 23They began to question among themselves, which of them it was who would do this thing. 24There arose also a contention among them, which of them was considered to be greatest. 25He said to them, “The kings of the nations lord it over them, and those who have authority over them are called ‘benefactors.’ 26But not so with you. But one who is the greater among you, let him become as the younger, and one who is governing, as one who serves. 27For who is greater, one who sits at the table, or one who serves? Isn’t it he who sits at the table? But I am among you as one who serves. 28But you are those who have continued with me in my trials. 29I confer on you a kingdom, even as my Father conferred on me, 30that you may eat and drink at my table in my Kingdom. You will sit on thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.” 31The Lord said, “Simon, Simon, behold, Satan asked to have all of you, that he might sift you as wheat, 32but I prayed for you, that your faith wouldn’t fail. You, when once you have turned again, establish your brothers.” 33He said to him, “Lord, I am ready to go with you both to prison and to death!” 34He said, “I tell you, Peter, the rooster will by no means crow today until you deny that you know me three times.” 35He said to them, “When I sent you out without purse, and wallet, and shoes, did you lack anything?” They said, “Nothing.” 36Then he said to them, “But now, whoever has a purse, let him take it, and likewise a wallet. Whoever has none, let him sell his cloak, and buy a sword. 37For I tell you that this which is written must still be fulfilled in me: ‘He was counted with transgressors.’ For that which concerns me has an end.” 38They said, “Lord, behold, here are two swords.” He said to them, “That is enough.” 39He came out, and went, as his custom was, to the Mount of Olives. His disciples also followed him. 40When he was at the place, he said to them, “Pray that you don’t enter into temptation.” 41He was withdrawn from them about a stone’s throw, and he knelt down and prayed, 42saying, “Father, if you are willing, remove this cup from me. Nevertheless, not my will, but yours, be done.” 43An angel from heaven appeared to him, strengthening him. 44Being in agony he prayed more earnestly. His sweat became like great drops of blood falling down on the ground. 45When he rose up from his prayer, he came to the disciples, and found them sleeping because of grief, 46and said to them, “Why do you sleep? Rise and pray that you may not enter into temptation.” 47While he was still speaking, behold, a multitude, and he who was called Judas, one of the twelve, was leading them. He came near to Jesus to kiss him. 48But Jesus said to him, “Judas, do you betray the Son of Man with a kiss?” 49When those who were around him saw what was about to happen, they said to him, “Lord, shall we strike with the sword?” 50A certain one of them struck the servant of the high priest, and cut off his right ear. 51But Jesus answered, “Let me at least do this”—and he touched his ear, and healed him. 52Jesus said to the chief priests, captains of the temple, and elders, who had come against him, “Have you come out as against a robber, with swords and clubs? 53When I was with you in the temple daily, you didn’t stretch out your hands against me. But this is your hour, and the power of darkness.” 54They seized him, and led him away, and brought him into the high priest’s house. But Peter followed from a distance. 55When they had kindled a fire in the middle of the courtyard, and had sat down together, Peter sat among them. 56A certain servant girl saw him as he sat in the light, and looking intently at him, said, “This man also was with him.” 57He denied Jesus, saying, “Woman, I don’t know him.” 58After a little while someone else saw him, and said, “You also are one of them!” But Peter answered, “Man, I am not!” 59After about one hour passed, another confidently affirmed, saying, “Truly this man also was with him, for he is a Galilean!” 60But Peter said, “Man, I don’t know what you are talking about!” Immediately, while he was still speaking, a rooster crowed. 61The Lord turned, and looked at Peter. Then Peter remembered the Lord’s word, how he said to him, “Before the rooster crows you will deny me three times.” 62He went out, and wept bitterly. 63The men who held Jesus mocked him and beat him. 64Having blindfolded him, they struck him on the face and asked him, “Prophesy! Who is the one who struck you?” 65They spoke many other things against him, insulting him. 66As soon as it was day, the assembly of the elders of the people were gathered together, both chief priests and scribes, and they led him away into their council, saying, 67“If you are the Christ, tell us.” But he said to them, “If I tell you, you won’t believe, 68and if I ask, you will in no way answer me or let me go. 69From now on, the Son of Man will be seated at the right hand of the power of God.” 70They all said, “Are you then the Son of God?” He said to them, “You say it, because I am.” 71They said, “Why do we need any more witness? For we ourselves have heard from his own mouth!”

World English Bible (public domain)

"And he took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to them, saying, 'This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.'"

Luke 22:19

Summary

In Luke 22, preparations for the Passover are underway, and Judas conspires to betray Jesus, showcasing the tension between Jesus' mission and human treachery. The chapter highlights the Last Supper, during which Jesus institutes the Holy Communion, signifying the new covenant in His blood and underscoring the theme of sacrifice. Jesus predicts Peter's denial and instructs His disciples about servant leadership and coming challenges. In Gethsemane, Jesus prays earnestly, revealing His deep anguish and commitment to the Father's will. Following His prayer, Jesus is betrayed by Judas and arrested, marking the beginning of His Passion. Peter's denial fulfills Jesus' prediction, accentuating themes of human weakness and grace. Jesus' trial before the council touches on His divine identity, leading to charges of blasphemy.

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Chapter outline

How Luke 22 unfolds

  1. Luke 22:1–6 The Passover and Judas' Betrayal

    As the Passover approached, the chief priests and scribes conspired to kill Jesus, fearing public backlash. Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve disciples, agreed to betray Jesus for money, seeking an opportunity to hand Him over away from the crowd.

  2. Luke 22:7–20 The Last Supper and New Covenant

    Jesus prepares for the Passover meal, signaling its significance. During the meal, He institutes the Lord's Supper, declaring the bread as His body and the wine as the new covenant in His blood, emphasizing His sacrificial role.

  3. Luke 22:21–30 Predictions and Teachings

    Jesus foretells Judas' betrayal, highlighting the looming consequences. He teaches the disciples about greatness in His kingdom, contrasting it with worldly authority and appoints them to roles of service, reaffirming His role as servant leader.

  4. Luke 22:31–38 Peter's Denial and Instructions

    Jesus warns Peter about his impending denial, but also expresses His intercession for him. He instructs His disciples on preparedness for upcoming challenges, emphasizing the seriousness of their mission in light of the new covenant.

  5. Luke 22:39–46 Gethsemane: Prayer and Agony

    In Gethsemane, Jesus expresses deep anguish and submits to the Father’s will through fervent prayer. He encourages His disciples to stay alert and pray against temptation, highlighting their need for strength.

  6. Luke 22:47–71 Betrayal, Arrest, and Trial

    Judas arrives with soldiers to betray Jesus with a kiss, leading to His arrest. Jesus is then brought before the religious leaders, where He faces mocking and questioning about His identity, further establishing the tension of His divine mission.

Key verses

  • Luke 22:19Luke 22:19 encapsulates the essence of the chapter, focusing on the establishment of the new covenant through Jesus' sacrifice.

Main themes in Luke 22

Betrayal

Betrayal is a central theme as Judas conspires with the religious leaders to hand Jesus over. In verses 3-6, Judas's actions highlight the tension between loyalty and treachery within Jesus' closest circle. This betrayal sets in motion the events leading to Jesus’ crucifixion, complicating the narrative of His mission and the fulfillment of prophecy.

Sacrifice

Sacrifice is vividly illustrated during the Last Supper when Jesus identifies the bread and wine with His body and blood in verses 19-20. This moment underscores the impending sacrifice of His life for humanity’s redemption, transforming the Passover into a new covenant. The chapter thus frames Jesus' coming death not just as tragedy, but as a deliberate act of love and atonement.

Servant Leadership

The teaching on servant leadership surfaces in verses 25-27, where Jesus contrasts worldly power with His model of leadership. He challenges His disciples to embrace humility and service rather than authority and dominance, exemplifying this Himself by His actions. This theme lays the foundation for how His followers are to live out their faith in community, reflecting His character.

Divine Identity

The theme of divine identity emerges as Jesus asserts His role as the Son of Man in verses 67-70. Despite the accusations of blasphemy from the council, His reply confirms His authority and identity. This affirmation amidst rejection highlights the tension between human misunderstanding and divine truth, reinforcing His mission.

Cross-references

Passages that echo Luke 22

Study questions

Questions for studying Luke 22

  1. What plot do the chief priests and scribes develop against Jesus?
  2. How does Jesus institute the Lord's Supper during the Passover meal?
  3. What does Jesus teach about greatness among His disciples?
  4. How does Peter respond to Jesus' warning about his denial?
  5. What is the significance of Jesus' prayer in Gethsemane?
  6. How does Judas' betrayal unfold in this chapter?
  7. What accusations do the religious leaders make against Jesus during His trial?

Luke 22: frequently asked questions

What is Luke 22 about?+
In Luke 22, preparations for the Passover are underway, and Judas conspires to betray Jesus, showcasing the tension between Jesus' mission and human treachery. The chapter highlights the Last Supper, during which Jesus institutes the Holy Communion, signifying the new covenant in His blood and underscoring the theme of sacrifice. Jesus predicts Peter's denial and instructs His disciples about servant leadership and coming challenges. In Gethsemane, Jesus prays earnestly, revealing His deep anguish and commitment to the Father's will. Following His prayer, Jesus is betrayed by Judas and arrested, marking the beginning of His Passion. Peter's denial fulfills Jesus' prediction, accentuating themes of human weakness and grace. Jesus' trial before the council touches on His divine identity, leading to charges of blasphemy.
What is the key verse in Luke 22?+
Luke 22:19: "He took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke, and gave it to them, saying, “This is my body which is given for you. Do this in memory of me.”"
What are the main themes of Luke 22?+
The main themes of Luke 22 are Betrayal, Sacrifice, Servant Leadership, Divine Identity.

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Study Notes