ScriptureDepth's study of Luke 9
“He said to all, “If anyone desires to come after me, let him deny himself, take up his cross, and follow me.”
Luke 9:23
Jesus speaks to the crowd about the cost of discipleship, commanding that following him requires self-denial and taking up one's cross, marking a decisive commitment.
What Luke 9 is about
The twelve apostles are sent out to preach and heal. They receive power over demons and diseases (vv. 1-2). Jesus instructs them to travel light and to stay in one house (vv. 3-5). They go out and preach the Good News, healing many (v. 6). Herod hears about Jesus and is confused, wondering if John the Baptist has returned from the dead (vv. 7-9). After the apostles return, Jesus withdraws with them to Bethsaida (vv. 10-11). When a crowd follows, he miraculously feeds about five thousand men with five loaves and two fish (vv. 12-17). Later, Jesus asks the disciples who the crowds think he is. Peter answers that Jesus is 'the Christ of God' (vv. 18-20). Jesus predicts his suffering and calls for self-denial (vv. 21-27). He then reveals his glory during the Transfiguration with Moses and Elijah (vv. 28-36). Jesus heals a boy possessed by a demon and teaches humility (vv. 37-50). Finally, he decides to go to Jerusalem and explains the cost of discipleship (vv. 51-62).
Jesus states that no one who looks back after starting to follow him is fit for God’s Kingdom.
Luke 9 at a glance
- Luke 9:1–6Sending Out the Twelve
- Luke 9:7–17Herod's Perplexity and Feeding the Multitude
- Luke 9:18–27Peter's Confession and Jesus' Foretelling
- Luke 9:28–36The Transfiguration
- Luke 9:37–50Healing and Teaching on Humility
- Luke 9:51–62Determination and the Cost of Following
Key verse: Luke 9:23
One thing to notice
Jesus' appearance changes while he is praying (vv. 29-30). 'The appearance of his face was altered' (v. 29). Moses and Elijah appear, talking with him. This scene occurs as Jesus is praying on the mountain (v. 28).
Summary and study helps: AI-drafted (September 2026), checked by automated Scripture gates. Spotted an error? Report it. Fixes are listed on the corrections page.
Chapter text
Read Luke 9 (WEB)
Sending Out the Twelve Luke 9:1–6
1Verse 1. He called the twelve together, and gave them power and authority over all demons, and to cure diseases. 2Verse 2. He sent them out to preach God’s Kingdom and to heal the sick. 3Verse 3. He said to them, “Take nothing for your journey—neither staffs, nor wallet, nor bread, nor money; neither have two coats each. 4Verse 4. Into whatever house you enter, stay there, and depart from there. 5Verse 5. As many as don’t receive you, when you depart from that city, shake off even the dust from your feet for a testimony against them.” 6Verse 6. They departed, and went throughout the villages, preaching the Good News, and healing everywhere.
Herod's Perplexity and Feeding the Multitude Luke 9:7–17
7Verse 7. Now Herod the tetrarch heard of all that was done by him; and he was very perplexed, because it was said by some that John had risen from the dead, 8Verse 8. and by some that Elijah had appeared, and by others that one of the old prophets had risen again. 9Verse 9. Herod said, “John I beheaded, but who is this, about whom I hear such things?” He sought to see him. 10Verse 10. The apostles, when they had returned, told him what things they had done. He took them, and withdrew apart to a desert region of a city called Bethsaida. 11Verse 11. But the multitudes, perceiving it, followed him. He welcomed them, and spoke to them of God’s Kingdom, and he cured those who needed healing.
12Verse 12. The day began to wear away; and the twelve came, and said to him, “Send the multitude away, that they may go into the surrounding villages and farms, and lodge, and get food, for we are here in a deserted place.” 13Verse 13. But he said to them, “You give them something to eat.” They said, “We have no more than five loaves and two fish, unless we should go and buy food for all these people.” 14Verse 14. For they were about five thousand men. He said to his disciples, “Make them sit down in groups of about fifty each.” 15Verse 15. They did so, and made them all sit down.
16Verse 16. He took the five loaves and the two fish, and looking up to the sky, he blessed them, and broke them, and gave them to the disciples to set before the multitude. 17Verse 17. They ate, and were all filled. They gathered up twelve baskets of broken pieces that were left over.
Peter's Confession and Jesus' Foretelling Luke 9:18–27
18Verse 18. As he was praying alone, the disciples were with him, and he asked them, “Who do the multitudes say that I am?” 19Verse 19. They answered, “‘John the Baptizer,’ but others say, ‘Elijah,’ and others, that one of the old prophets is risen again.” 20Verse 20. He said to them, “But who do you say that I am?” Peter answered, “The Christ of God.” 21Verse 21. But he warned them, and commanded them to tell this to no one, 22Verse 22. saying, “The Son of Man must suffer many things, and be rejected by the elders, chief priests, and scribes, and be killed, and the third day be raised up.”
23Verse 23. He said to all, “If anyone desires to come after me, let him deny himself, take up his cross, and follow me. 24Verse 24. For whoever desires to save his life will lose it, but whoever will lose his life for my sake, the same will save it. 25Verse 25. For what does it profit a man if he gains the whole world, and loses or forfeits his own self? 26Verse 26. For whoever will be ashamed of me and of my words, of him will the Son of Man be ashamed, when he comes in his glory, and the glory of the Father, and of the holy angels.
27Verse 27. But I tell you the truth: There are some of those who stand here, who will in no way taste of death, until they see God’s Kingdom.”
The Transfiguration Luke 9:28–36
28Verse 28. About eight days after these sayings, he took with him Peter, John, and James, and went up onto the mountain to pray. 29Verse 29. As he was praying, the appearance of his face was altered, and his clothing became white and dazzling. 30Verse 30. Behold, two men were talking with him, who were Moses and Elijah, 31Verse 31. who appeared in glory, and spoke of his departure, which he was about to accomplish at Jerusalem. 32Verse 32. Now Peter and those who were with him were heavy with sleep, but when they were fully awake, they saw his glory, and the two men who stood with him. 33Verse 33. As they were parting from him, Peter said to Jesus, “Master, it is good for us to be here. Let’s make three tents: one for you, and one for Moses, and one for Elijah,” not knowing what he said.
34Verse 34. While he said these things, a cloud came and overshadowed them, and they were afraid as they entered into the cloud. 35Verse 35. A voice came out of the cloud, saying, “This is my beloved Son. Listen to him!” 36Verse 36. When the voice came, Jesus was found alone. They were silent, and told no one in those days any of the things which they had seen.
Healing and Teaching on Humility Luke 9:37–50
37Verse 37. On the next day, when they had come down from the mountain, a great multitude met him. 38Verse 38. Behold, a man from the crowd called out, saying, “Teacher, I beg you to look at my son, for he is my only child. 39Verse 39. Behold, a spirit takes him, he suddenly cries out, and it convulses him so that he foams, and it hardly departs from him, bruising him severely. 40Verse 40. I begged your disciples to cast it out, and they couldn’t.” 41Verse 41. Jesus answered, “Faithless and perverse generation, how long shall I be with you and bear with you? Bring your son here.” 42Verse 42. While he was still coming, the demon threw him down and convulsed him violently. But Jesus rebuked the unclean spirit, and healed the boy, and gave him back to his father.
43Verse 43. They were all astonished at the majesty of God. But while all were marveling at all the things which Jesus did, he said to his disciples, 44Verse 44. “Let these words sink into your ears, for the Son of Man will be delivered up into the hands of men.” 45Verse 45. But they didn’t understand this saying. It was concealed from them, that they should not perceive it, and they were afraid to ask him about this saying. 46Verse 46. There arose an argument among them about which of them was the greatest. 47Verse 47. Jesus, perceiving the reasoning of their hearts, took a little child, and set him by his side,
48Verse 48. and said to them, “Whoever receives this little child in my name receives me. Whoever receives me receives him who sent me. For whoever is least among you all, this one will be great.” 49Verse 49. John answered, “Master, we saw someone casting out demons in your name, and we forbade him, because he doesn’t follow with us.” 50Verse 50. Jesus said to him, “Don’t forbid him, for he who is not against us is for us.”
Determination and the Cost of Following Luke 9:51–62
51Verse 51. It came to pass, when the days were near that he should be taken up, he intently set his face to go to Jerusalem, 52Verse 52. and sent messengers before his face. They went, and entered into a village of the Samaritans, so as to prepare for him. 53Verse 53. They didn’t receive him, because he was traveling with his face set towards Jerusalem. 54Verse 54. When his disciples, James and John, saw this, they said, “Lord, do you want us to command fire to come down from the sky, and destroy them, just as Elijah did?” 55Verse 55. But he turned and rebuked them, “You don’t know of what kind of spirit you are.
56Verse 56. For the Son of Man didn’t come to destroy men’s lives, but to save them.” They went to another village. 57Verse 57. As they went on the way, a certain man said to him, “I want to follow you wherever you go, Lord.” 58Verse 58. Jesus said to him, “The foxes have holes, and the birds of the sky have nests, but the Son of Man has no place to lay his head.” 59Verse 59. He said to another, “Follow me!” But he said, “Lord, allow me first to go and bury my father.” 60Verse 60. But Jesus said to him, “Leave the dead to bury their own dead, but you go and announce God’s Kingdom.”
61Verse 61. Another also said, “I want to follow you, Lord, but first allow me to say good-bye to those who are at my house.” 62Verse 62. But Jesus said to him, “No one, having put his hand to the plow, and looking back, is fit for God’s Kingdom.”
World English Bible (public domain)
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Main themes in Luke 9
Faith and Mission
In verses 1-6, Jesus sends out the twelve disciples, giving them power and authority over demons and diseases. They are instructed to preach God's Kingdom and heal the sick, indicating a dual focus on verbal proclamation and acts of mercy. Their return to report on their activities in verse 10 shows their active participation in the mission, highlighting the connection between faith and the work of spreading the Gospel.
Divine Authority
The theme surfaces prominently in vv. 10-11, where Jesus welcomes the multitudes, 'and spoke to them of God’s Kingdom, and he cured those who needed healing.' This demonstrates his authority not only in teaching but also in performing miracles. Additionally, in v. 22, Jesus speaks of his impending suffering, revealing his authority over his own fate and the unfolding plan of salvation.
Cost of Discipleship
In vv. 57-62, Jesus discusses the sacrifices required for following him. He tells a man that 'the foxes have holes, and the birds of the sky have nests, but the Son of Man has no place to lay his head,' highlighting the lack of worldly security for disciples. Furthermore, Jesus challenges others to prioritize God's Kingdom above familial obligations, indicating the serious commitment required in discipleship.
Revelation of Christ
In vv. 28-36, the transfiguration reveals Jesus' divine glory as his appearance changes and he converses with Moses and Elijah. The voice from the cloud says, 'This is my beloved Son. Listen to him,' affirming Jesus' unique identity. This moment serves to confirm his divine nature and mission, as well as to prepare the disciples for the trials ahead.
Chapter outline
How Luke 9 unfolds
Luke 9:1–6 Sending Out the Twelve
Jesus gathers the twelve apostles and gives them power over demons and diseases, sending them to preach and heal, instructing them to take nothing for their journey (vv. 1-3). They preach and heal in the villages (v. 6).
Luke 9:7–17 Herod's Perplexity and Feeding the Multitude
Herod hears reports of Jesus' deeds and is perplexed, believing Jesus might be John the Baptizer raised from the dead (vv. 7-9). Jesus feeds five thousand men with five loaves and two fish, miraculously satisfying all (vv. 14-17).
Luke 9:18–27 Peter's Confession and Jesus' Foretelling
Jesus asks his disciples about the crowds' opinion of him, and Peter confesses, 'The Christ of God' (vv. 18-20). Jesus predicts his suffering and resurrection, instructing them to keep this revelation secret (vv. 21-22).
Luke 9:28–36 The Transfiguration
On the mountain, Jesus' appearance transforms as he meets Moses and Elijah, discussing his impending departure (vv. 29-31). God speaks from a cloud, affirming Jesus as his Son, and the disciples remain silent (vv. 34-36).
Luke 9:37–50 Healing and Teaching on Humility
Jesus heals a boy possessed by a spirit after his disciples fail to do so, expressing frustration at their lack of faith (vv. 37-41). He teaches the disciples about humility, contrasting greatness with receiving children (vv. 46-48).
Luke 9:51–62 Determination and the Cost of Following
As Jesus sets his face towards Jerusalem, he prepares for rejection in a Samaritan village and teaches about the cost of discipleship, emphasizing commitment over familial obligations (vv. 51-62).
Key verses
Luke 9:23Jesus speaks to the crowd about the cost of discipleship, commanding that following him requires self-denial and taking up one's cross, marking a decisive commitment.
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Study questions
Questions for studying Luke 9
- observeIn v6, why do the apostles go throughout the villages, preaching the 'Good News'?
- observeWhat does Jesus mean by 'you give them something to eat' in v13?
- interpretPeter's declaration in v20 raises a tension: what does his answer about Jesus signify?
- interpretJesus' response in v60, 'Leave the dead to bury their own dead,' indicates what about His view on discipleship?
- applyWhen have you faced a moment like in v62, feeling unfit for 'God’s Kingdom' due to distractions?
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Cross-references
Passages that echo Luke 9
- Matthew 10Luke 9:23 and Matthew 10:38Both take up the cross: Luke 9:23 says to take up his cross, while Matthew 10:38 says he who doesn’t take his cross isn’t worthy of me.
- Matthew 16Luke 9:23 and Matthew 16:24Both take up the cross: Luke 9:23 says to take up his cross, while Matthew 16:24 says he must take up his cross.
- Mark 8Luke 9:23 and Mark 8:34Both take up the cross: Luke 9:23 says to take up his cross, while Mark 8:34 says to take up his cross.
- Mark 9Luke 9:49 and Mark 9:38Both casting out demons: Luke 9:49 mentions someone casting out demons, while Mark 9:38 mentions someone casting out demons.
- Philippians 3Luke 9:62 and Philippians 3:13Both looking back: Luke 9:62 says looking back is not fit, while Philippians 3:13 says forgetting the things which are behind.
- John 12Luke 9:23 and John 12:25Both lose life: Luke 9:23 says to lose his life for my sake, while John 12:25 says he who loves his life will lose it.
Related chapters
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Where to go from here
- Luke: the whole bookLuke alone tells us his method.
- 30-Day Gospel Journey, day 18Day 18 of 30: Faith in Unexpected Places.
- SalvationWhat the Bible says about salvation, with verses.
- Common Bible questionsThe questions people bring to Bible study, each answered from the text.
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