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2 Kings 13

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1In the twenty-third year of Joash the son of Ahaziah, king of Judah, Jehoahaz the son of Jehu began to reign over Israel in Samaria for seventeen years. 2He did that which was evil in Yahweh’s sight, and followed the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, with which he made Israel to sin. He didn’t depart from it. 3Yahweh’s anger burned against Israel, and he delivered them into the hand of Hazael king of Syria, and into the hand of Benhadad the son of Hazael, continually. 4Jehoahaz begged Yahweh, and Yahweh listened to him; for he saw the oppression of Israel, how the king of Syria oppressed them. 5(Yahweh gave Israel a savior, so that they went out from under the hand of the Syrians; and the children of Israel lived in their tents as before. 6Nevertheless they didn’t depart from the sins of the house of Jeroboam, with which he made Israel to sin, but walked in them; and the Asherah also remained in Samaria.) 7For he didn’t leave to Jehoahaz of the people any more than fifty horsemen, and ten chariots, and ten thousand footmen; for the king of Syria destroyed them, and made them like the dust in threshing. 8Now the rest of the acts of Jehoahaz, and all that he did, and his might, aren’t they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel? 9Jehoahaz slept with his fathers; and they buried him in Samaria; and Joash his son reigned in his place. 10In the thirty-seventh year of Joash king of Judah, Jehoash the son of Jehoahaz began to reign over Israel in Samaria for sixteen years. 11He did that which was evil in Yahweh’s sight. He didn’t depart from all the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, with which he made Israel to sin; but he walked in them. 12Now the rest of the acts of Joash, and all that he did, and his might with which he fought against Amaziah king of Judah, aren’t they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel? 13Joash slept with his fathers; and Jeroboam sat on his throne. Joash was buried in Samaria with the kings of Israel. 14Now Elisha became sick with the illness of which he died; and Joash the king of Israel came down to him, and wept over him, and said, “My father, my father, the chariots of Israel and its horsemen!” 15Elisha said to him, “Take bow and arrows”; and he took bow and arrows for himself. 16He said to the king of Israel, “Put your hand on the bow”; and he put his hand on it. Elisha laid his hands on the king’s hands. 17He said, “Open the window eastward”; and he opened it. Then Elisha said, “Shoot!” and he shot. He said, “Yahweh’s arrow of victory, even the arrow of victory over Syria; for you will strike the Syrians in Aphek, until you have consumed them.” 18He said, “Take the arrows”; and he took them. He said to the king of Israel, “Strike the ground”; and he struck three times, and stopped. 19The man of God was angry with him, and said, “You should have struck five or six times. Then you would have struck Syria until you had consumed it; whereas now you will strike Syria just three times.” 20Elisha died, and they buried him. Now the bands of the Moabites invaded the land at the coming in of the year. 21As they were burying a man, behold, they saw a band of raiders; and they threw the man into Elisha’s tomb. As soon as the man touched Elisha’s bones, he revived, and stood up on his feet. 22Hazael king of Syria oppressed Israel all the days of Jehoahaz. 23But Yahweh was gracious to them, and had compassion on them, and had respect for them, because of his covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and would not destroy them, and he didn’t cast them from his presence as yet. 24Hazael king of Syria died; and Benhadad his son reigned in his place. 25Jehoash the son of Jehoahaz took again out of the hand of Benhadad the son of Hazael the cities which he had taken out of the hand of Jehoahaz his father by war. Joash struck him three times, and recovered the cities of Israel.

World English Bible (public domain)

And Elisha died, and they buried him. Now bands of Moabites used to invade the land in the spring of the year. And as the man was being buried, behold, a marauding band was seen, and the man was thrown into the grave of Elisha. And as soon as the man touched the bones of Elisha, he revived and stood on his feet.

2 Kings 13:20-21

Summary

2 Kings chapter 13 details the continued decline of the northern kingdom of Israel, focusing on the reign of Jehoahaz and his son Jehoash. Jehoahaz succeeds his father Jehu but faces a time of oppression from Hazael, king of Aram, as a result of Israel’s sins. In his distress, Jehoahaz seeks the Lord, and God graciously responds by providing a deliverer, although the oppression continues for a time. Jehoash later becomes king and seeks the guidance of the prophet Elisha, who is nearing death. Elisha gives Jehoash instructions that symbolize the victory God will give him over Aram, which serves as a reminder of God's enduring faithfulness even amidst Israel’s unfaithfulness. The chapter concludes with the account of Elisha’s death and how his bones later bring about a miraculous revival in a dead man, emphasizing God’s power over life and death.

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Chapter outline

How 2 Kings 13 unfolds

  1. 2 Kings 13:1–3 Jehoahaz reigns and sins

    Jehoahaz, son of Jehu, reigns in Israel for seventeen years, doing evil in God's sight and leading Israel into sin, provoking divine anger.

  2. 2 Kings 13:4–7 Jehoahaz's plea and God's response

    In distress from Syrian oppression, Jehoahaz cries out to Yahweh, who responds by providing a deliverer, though Israel still clings to sin.

  3. 2 Kings 13:8–9 Jehoahaz's legacy

    The acts of Jehoahaz are documented in the chronicles, and he is buried in Samaria, succeeded by his son Joash.

  4. 2 Kings 13:10–13 Joash reigns and continues sin

    Joash, son of Jehoahaz, begins his reign in Israel, following in his father's footsteps and perpetuating the sins of Jeroboam.

  5. 2 Kings 13:14–19 Elisha's prophetic guidance

    As Elisha falls ill, Joash visits him, and after receiving instructions symbolizing victory over Syria, Joash's limited response angers Elisha.

  6. 2 Kings 13:20–21 Elisha's death and miracle

    After Elisha's death, an incident occurs where a dead man revived upon contact with Elisha's bones, showcasing God's power.

  7. 2 Kings 13:22–25 Continued oppression and victory

    Hazael continues to oppress Israel until his death, after which Joash recaptures cities from Benhadad, demonstrating God's grace.

Key verses

  • 2 Kings 13:20-21The revival of the dead man emphasizes God's ongoing power and presence among His people, illustrating hope even in death.

Main themes in 2 Kings 13

God's Faithfulness

God's faithfulness is highlighted when He responds to Jehoahaz's plea in verse 4, showing His willingness to assist even when Israel is mired in sin. Despite the nation’s ongoing rebellion, God raises up a deliverer to rescue them from their oppressors, illustrating His compassion and commitment to His covenant. This theme reveals that God's promises endure through Israel's failures, reminding readers of His unwavering loyalty to His people.

The Consequences of Sin

The consequences of sin are made clear through the reigns of Jehoahaz and Joash, as both kings perpetuate the idolatrous practices established by Jeroboam, leading to Israel's suffering. Their actions result in oppression from their enemies, demonstrating the cycle of sin and judgment that plagues the nation. This narrative serves as a stark reminder that turning away from God inevitably leads to tangible and painful consequences for individuals and communities alike.

Prayer and Deliverance

Jehoahaz's prayer in verse 4 underscores the necessity of seeking divine intervention during desperate times, highlighting the relationship between human need and God's responsiveness. His heartfelt plea prompts God to provide a deliverer, although the chapter acknowledges that Israel's persistent sins hinder full restoration. This theme emphasizes that while sincere prayer can evoke God's mercy, it must be accompanied by genuine repentance for true deliverance to occur.

Miracles and God's Power

The miraculous revival described in verse 21 serves as a powerful testament to God's sovereignty over life and death, even following the death of Elisha. This event illustrates that God's miraculous power remains active in Israel's history, as He continues to work through His prophets. The chapter reinforces the idea that God's involvement in the world is not limited by human circumstances, affirming His capability to perform wonders at any time.

Cross-references

Passages that echo 2 Kings 13

Study questions

Questions for studying 2 Kings 13

  1. Who was Jehoahaz and what was his reign like?
  2. How did Jehoahaz respond to the oppression from Syria?
  3. What instructions did Elisha give to Joash?
  4. What does Joash's reaction to Elisha's instructions reveal?
  5. How does the revival of the dead man illustrate God's power?
  6. What is significant about the mention of God's covenant in this chapter?
  7. What does Joash's victory over Benhadad indicate about God's faithfulness?

2 Kings 13: frequently asked questions

What is 2 Kings 13 about?+
2 Kings chapter 13 details the continued decline of the northern kingdom of Israel, focusing on the reign of Jehoahaz and his son Jehoash. Jehoahaz succeeds his father Jehu but faces a time of oppression from Hazael, king of Aram, as a result of Israel’s sins. In his distress, Jehoahaz seeks the Lord, and God graciously responds by providing a deliverer, although the oppression continues for a time. Jehoash later becomes king and seeks the guidance of the prophet Elisha, who is nearing death. Elisha gives Jehoash instructions that symbolize the victory God will give him over Aram, which serves as a reminder of God's enduring faithfulness even amidst Israel’s unfaithfulness. The chapter concludes with the account of Elisha’s death and how his bones later bring about a miraculous revival in a dead man, emphasizing God’s power over life and death.
What is the key verse in 2 Kings 13?+
2 Kings 13:20-21: "Elisha died, and they buried him. Now the bands of the Moabites invaded the land at the coming in of the year. As they were burying a man, behold, they saw a band of raiders; and they threw the man into Elisha’s tomb. As soon as the man touched Elisha’s bones, he revived, and stood up on his feet."
What are the main themes of 2 Kings 13?+
The main themes of 2 Kings 13 are God's Faithfulness, The Consequences of Sin, Prayer and Deliverance, Miracles and God's Power.

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Study Notes