ScriptureDepth's study of Ezekiel 10
“Yahweh’s glory went out from over the threshold of the house, and stood over the cherubim.”
Ezekiel 10:18
Yahweh's glory departs from the temple threshold to stand over the cherubim, marking a significant moment of divine presence in the vision.
What Ezekiel 10 is about
Ezekiel sees a vision of God's glory above the cherubim, resembling a throne made of sapphire (vv. 1-2). A man clothed in linen is commanded to gather coals of fire from between the cherubim and scatter them over the city (vv. 3-4). As this occurs, the sound of the cherubim's wings is heard, similar to the voice of God Almighty (vv. 5-7). The description of the cherubim includes four faces, of a cherub, a man, a lion, and an eagle, along with wheels that have a unique appearance (vv. 8-12). God’s glory departs from the temple, moving over the cherubim and standing at the east gate (vv. 13-19). Ezekiel recognizes the cherubim as the same living creatures he saw by the river Chebar, noting their distinct features and movement (vv. 20-22).
The chapter leaves the reader contemplating the departure of God's glory from the temple, indicating divine judgment and presence.
Ezekiel 10 at a glance
- Ezekiel 10:1–2The Vision of God's Glory
- Ezekiel 10:3–4The Command to Scatter Coals
- Ezekiel 10:5–7The Movement of the Cherubim
- Ezekiel 10:8–12Description of the Cherubim and Wheels
- Ezekiel 10:13–19The Departure of God's Glory
- Ezekiel 10:20–22Recognition of the Cherubim
Key verse: Ezekiel 10:18
One thing to notice
In verse 2, a command is given to scatter coals. The man in linen is directed to 'fill both your hands with coals of fire' in verse 7. He takes fire from between the cherubim.
Summary and study helps: AI-drafted (September 2026), checked by automated Scripture gates. Spotted an error? Report it. Fixes are listed on the corrections page.
Chapter text
Read Ezekiel 10 (WEB)
The Vision of God's Glory Ezekiel 10:1–2
1Verse 1. Then I looked, and see, in the expanse that was over the head of the cherubim there appeared above them as it were a sapphire stone, as the appearance of the likeness of a throne. 2Verse 2. He spoke to the man clothed in linen, and said, “Go in between the whirling wheels, even under the cherub, and fill both your hands with coals of fire from between the cherubim, and scatter them over the city.” He went in as I watched.
The Command to Scatter Coals Ezekiel 10:3–4
3Verse 3. Now the cherubim stood on the right side of the house, when the man went in; and the cloud filled the inner court. 4Verse 4. Yahweh’s glory mounted up from the cherub, and stood over the threshold of the house; and the house was filled with the cloud, and the court was full of the brightness of Yahweh’s glory.
The Movement of the Cherubim Ezekiel 10:5–7
5Verse 5. The sound of the wings of the cherubim was heard even to the outer court, as the voice of God Almighty when he speaks. 6Verse 6. It came to pass, when he commanded the man clothed in linen, saying, “Take fire from between the whirling wheels, from between the cherubim,” that he went in, and stood beside a wheel. 7Verse 7. The cherub stretched out his hand from between the cherubim to the fire that was between the cherubim, and took some of it, and put it into the hands of him who was clothed in linen, who took it and went out.
Description of the Cherubim and Wheels Ezekiel 10:8–12
8Verse 8. The form of a man’s hand appeared here in the cherubim under their wings. 9Verse 9. I looked, and behold, there were four wheels beside the cherubim, one wheel beside one cherub, and another wheel beside another cherub. The appearance of the wheels was like a beryl stone. 10Verse 10. As for their appearance, the four of them had one likeness, like a wheel within a wheel. 11Verse 11. When they went, they went in their four directions. They didn’t turn as they went, but to the place where the head looked they followed it. They didn’t turn as they went. 12Verse 12. Their whole body, including their backs, their hands, their wings, and the wheels, were full of eyes all around, even the wheels that the four of them had.
The Departure of God's Glory Ezekiel 10:13–19
13Verse 13. As for the wheels, they were called in my hearing, “the whirling wheels”. 14Verse 14. Every one them had four faces. The first face was the face of the cherub. The second face was the face of a man. The third face was the face of a lion. The fourth was the face of an eagle. 15Verse 15. The cherubim mounted up. This is the living creature that I saw by the river Chebar. 16Verse 16. When the cherubim went, the wheels went beside them; and when the cherubim lifted up their wings to mount up from the earth, the wheels also didn’t turn from beside them.
17Verse 17. When they stood, these stood. When they mounted up, these mounted up with them; for the spirit of the living creature was in them. 18Verse 18. Yahweh’s glory went out from over the threshold of the house, and stood over the cherubim. 19Verse 19. The cherubim lifted up their wings, and mounted up from the earth in my sight when they went out, with the wheels beside them. Then they stood at the door of the east gate of Yahweh’s house; and the glory of the God of Israel was over them above.
Recognition of the Cherubim Ezekiel 10:20–22
20Verse 20. This is the living creature that I saw under the God of Israel by the river Chebar; and I knew that they were cherubim. 21Verse 21. Every one had four faces, and every one four wings. The likeness of the hands of a man was under their wings. 22Verse 22. As for the likeness of their faces, they were the faces which I saw by the river Chebar, their appearances and themselves. They each went straight forward.
World English Bible (public domain)
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Main themes in Ezekiel 10
Judgment
In Ezekiel 10, judgment is revealed through the command to scatter coals of fire over the city. In verses 2 and 6, the man clothed in linen is instructed to fill his hands with coals from between the cherubim and scatter them, indicating divine judgment upon Jerusalem. The presence of Yahweh's glory departing from the temple also signifies the impending judgment on His people.
Holiness of God
The holiness of God is evident when His glory fills the temple and the inner court, as described in verses 4 and 18. The cloud and brightness of Yahweh's glory show His sacred presence in the house, signifying the weight of His holiness. This divine holiness is associated with the cherubim, who are depicted as guardians of His presence throughout the chapter.
Divine Presence
Divine presence is a central theme in Ezekiel 10, as Yahweh's glory is described in vivid detail. In verses 4 and 19, the glory of Yahweh is said to stand over the threshold of the house and later at the east gate, illustrating God's active presence in relation to His dwelling place. The movement of the cherubim also indicates that the divine presence is dynamic and closely linked to God's will.
Hope of Restoration
While Ezekiel 10 focuses heavily on judgment and the departure of God's glory, the underlying hope of restoration is suggested. The detailed description of the cherubim and the fact that they are recognized as 'the living creature' in verses 20-22 points to a future where God's presence may return. This anticipation remains a key theme in Ezekiel's overall prophetic message, hinting at eventual restoration despite current desolation.
Chapter outline
How Ezekiel 10 unfolds
Ezekiel 10:1–2 The Vision of God's Glory
Ezekiel witnesses a vision of God's glory above the cherubim, where a sapphire stone appears like a throne (v. 1). God speaks to a man in linen, instructing him to gather coals of fire (v. 2).
Ezekiel 10:3–4 The Command to Scatter Coals
The man in linen enters the space between the cherubim as commanded, and the inner court is filled with a cloud representing God's presence (vv. 3-4). The glory of Yahweh transitions from the cherub to the threshold of the house.
Ezekiel 10:5–7 The Movement of the Cherubim
The sound of the cherubim’s wings is likened to 'the voice of God Almighty' (v. 5). When commanded, the man in linen retrieves fire from the cherubim to take back out (vv. 6-7).
Ezekiel 10:8–12 Description of the Cherubim and Wheels
Ezekiel describes the cherubim's appearance, noting a man's hand under their wings and wheels beside them that 'had one likeness, like a wheel within a wheel' (v. 10). Their bodies were 'full of eyes all around' (v. 12).
Ezekiel 10:13–19 The Departure of God's Glory
Yahweh's glory departs from the threshold and stands over the cherubim (v. 18). The cherubim, along with their wheels, rise and move to the east gate, with God's glory above them (vv. 19).
Ezekiel 10:20–22 Recognition of the Cherubim
Ezekiel recognizes the cherubim as the same living creatures he saw by the river Chebar (vv. 20-21). Each cherub has four faces and wings, and their movement is straightforward, without turning (v. 22).
Key verses
Ezekiel 10:18Yahweh's glory departs from the temple threshold to stand over the cherubim, marking a significant moment of divine presence in the vision.
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Study questions
Questions for studying Ezekiel 10
- observeIn v2, what is the man clothed in 'linen' commanded to do?
- observeWhat do the 'cherubim' do in v19 as they depart from the temple?
- interpretIn v4, why does Yahweh's glory move from the threshold of the house?
- interpretIn v14, what does the description of the 'four faces' signify about the cherubim?
- applyWhen have you felt a sense of judgment or 'purification' in your own life?
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Cross-references
Passages that echo Ezekiel 10
- Ezekiel 1Ezekiel 10:5 and Ezekiel 1:24Both describe the sound of the wings: Ezekiel 10:5 says the sound was heard, while Ezekiel 1:24 describes it as tumult.
- Revelation 4Ezekiel 10:14 and Revelation 4:7Both depict creatures with faces: Ezekiel 10:14 describes four faces, while Revelation 4:7 identifies similar faces.
- Ezekiel 43Ezekiel 10:18 and Ezekiel 43:2Both speak of God's glory: Ezekiel 10:18 describes it leaving the threshold, while Ezekiel 43:2 describes it coming from the east.
- Isaiah 6Ezekiel 10:1 and Isaiah 6:1Both feature a throne: Ezekiel 10:1 sees a throne above the cherubim, while Isaiah 6:1 describes the Lord on a high throne.
- Ezekiel 9Ezekiel 10:4 and Ezekiel 9:3Both refer to God's glory at the threshold: Ezekiel 10:4 shows it there, while Ezekiel 9:3 describes it ascending from the cherub.
- Ezekiel 11Ezekiel 10:19 and Ezekiel 11:22Both describe the cherubim lifting their wings: Ezekiel 10:19 shows them as they mount, while Ezekiel 11:22 depicts the same action.
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