Genesis 50
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1Joseph fell on his father’s face, wept on him, and kissed him. 2Joseph commanded his servants, the physicians, to embalm his father; and the physicians embalmed Israel. 3Forty days were fulfilled for him, for that is how many the days it takes to embalm. The Egyptians wept for him for seventy days. 4When the days of weeping for him were past, Joseph spoke to the house of Pharaoh, saying, “If now I have found favor in your eyes, please speak in the ears of Pharaoh, saying, 5‘My father made me swear, saying, “Behold, I am dying. Bury me in my grave which I have dug for myself in the land of Canaan.” Now therefore, please let me go up and bury my father, and I will come again.’” 6Pharaoh said, “Go up, and bury your father, just like he made you swear.” 7Joseph went up to bury his father; and with him went up all the servants of Pharaoh, the elders of his house, all the elders of the land of Egypt, 8All the house of Joseph, his brothers, and his father’s house. Only their little ones, their flocks, and their herds, they left in the land of Goshen. 9There went up with him both chariots and horsemen. It was a very great company. 10They came to the threshing floor of Atad, which is beyond the Jordan, and there they lamented with a very great and severe lamentation. He mourned for his father seven days. 11When the inhabitants of the land, the Canaanites, saw the mourning in the floor of Atad, they said, “This is a grievous mourning by the Egyptians.” Therefore its name was called Abel Mizraim, which is beyond the Jordan. 12His sons did to him just as he commanded them, 13for his sons carried him into the land of Canaan, and buried him in the cave of the field of Machpelah, which Abraham bought with the field, as a possession for a burial site, from Ephron the Hittite, near Mamre. 14Joseph returned into Egypt—he, and his brothers, and all that went up with him to bury his father, after he had buried his father. 15When Joseph’s brothers saw that their father was dead, they said, “It may be that Joseph will hate us, and will fully pay us back for all the evil which we did to him.” 16They sent a message to Joseph, saying, “Your father commanded before he died, saying, 17‘You shall tell Joseph, “Now please forgive the disobedience of your brothers, and their sin, because they did evil to you.”’ Now, please forgive the disobedience of the servants of the God of your father.” Joseph wept when they spoke to him. 18His brothers also went and fell down before his face; and they said, “Behold, we are your servants.” 19Joseph said to them, “Don’t be afraid, for am I in the place of God? 20As for you, you meant evil against me, but God meant it for good, to bring to pass, as it is today, to save many people alive. 21Now therefore don’t be afraid. I will nourish you and your little ones.” He comforted them, and spoke kindly to them. 22Joseph lived in Egypt, he, and his father’s house. Joseph lived one hundred ten years. 23Joseph saw Ephraim’s children to the third generation. The children also of Machir, the son of Manasseh, were born on Joseph’s knees. 24Joseph said to his brothers, “I am dying, but God will surely visit you, and bring you up out of this land to the land which he swore to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob.” 25Joseph took an oath from the children of Israel, saying, “God will surely visit you, and you shall carry up my bones from here.” 26So Joseph died, being one hundred ten years old, and they embalmed him, and he was put in a coffin in Egypt.
World English Bible (public domain)
“As for you, you meant evil against me, but God meant it for good, to bring it about that many people should be kept alive, as they are today.”
Genesis 50:20
Summary
Genesis chapter 50 concludes the Book of Genesis with the death of Jacob and the mourning of his sons. After Jacob's passing, Joseph, deeply grieved, ensures that his father is given a proper burial in Canaan, as per Jacob's last wishes. Joseph's brothers fear that, after their father's death, Joseph might seek revenge for the wrongs they committed against him years earlier. However, Joseph reassures them, emphasizing God's sovereignty and goodness, declaring that what they intended for evil, God intended for good—signifying a deep theological truth about God's providence in human history. The chapter ends with Joseph’s own death at the age of one hundred and ten, confidently assuring his family that God would visit them and bring them back to the promised land, sealing this narrative with hope for the future.
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Chapter outline
How Genesis 50 unfolds
Genesis 50:1–2 Joseph Mourning for Jacob
Joseph expresses deep grief over his father's death by weeping and kissing him. He ensures Jacob is embalmed, honoring his father's wishes.
Genesis 50:3–6 Burying Jacob in Canaan
The Egyptians mourn Jacob for an extended period, and Joseph requests permission from Pharaoh to bury his father in Canaan, which Pharaoh grants.
Genesis 50:7–10 The Mourning Procession
Joseph leads a large procession to Canaan, accompanied by many Egyptians and his family. They mourn together at the threshing floor of Atad.
Genesis 50:11–14 The Burial of Jacob
The Canaanites observe the mourning and name the place in honor of Jacob's death. Joseph fulfills his father's burial request in the cave of Machpelah.
Genesis 50:15–21 Joseph's Brothers' Fear
After their father's death, Joseph's brothers fear retribution for past wrongs. Joseph reassures them of his forgiveness, attributing their actions to God’s larger plan.
Genesis 50:22–26 Joseph's Final Words and Death
Joseph lives a full life in Egypt, seeing his grandchildren. He expresses faith in God's promise to bring the Israelites back to Canaan before his death.
Key verses
Genesis 50:20Genesis 50:20 encapsulates the chapter's message about God's ability to work through human actions for a greater good.
Main themes in Genesis 50
God's Sovereignty
The theme of God's sovereignty is made clear when Joseph tells his brothers in verse 20 that what they intended for evil, God intended for good. This statement reveals Joseph's deep understanding of divine providence, showcasing how God can work through human actions to fulfill His purposes. Throughout Genesis, this theme is woven into the narrative, demonstrating that despite human failings, God's plans ultimately prevail, guiding the course of history.
Forgiveness and Reconciliation
In verses 19-21, Joseph reassures his brothers, highlighting the theme of forgiveness and reconciliation. Their anxiety about facing punishment is met with Joseph’s compassionate response, which emphasizes the significance of grace and mercy in relationships. This moment illustrates the potential for healing and restoration, showing that reconciliation can arise even from deep betrayal and hurt, reflecting a broader principle of forgiveness within the biblical narrative.
Death and Burial Customs
The chapter presents death and burial customs through the embalming of Jacob and the mourning practices observed by Joseph and the Egyptians. These customs reflect the respect for the deceased and the importance of proper burial rites in ancient cultures. The narrative emphasizes the significance of honoring one's family in death.
Hope in God's Promises
Joseph’s statement in verse 24 that God will visit the Israelites underscores the theme of hope in God’s promises. This assurance, that they will return to Canaan after his death, reinforces the enduring nature of God’s covenant with His people. The chapter's conclusion imbues future generations with a sense of hope and expectation, reminding them that God’s faithfulness extends beyond individual lives and circumstances.
Cross-references
Passages that echo Genesis 50
- Romans 8This passage connects as both discuss God’s ability to bring good from difficult circumstances, reflecting divine sovereignty.
- Psalm 119The themes of trust and obedience in God's law echo the commitment Joseph shows to God’s promises about the future.
- Genesis 45Joseph's earlier revelations to his brothers about God's plan for good connect with his reaffirmation of forgiveness in this chapter.
- Genesis 37The brothers' past actions against Joseph resonate with their fears of retribution after Jacob's death, highlighting ongoing family dynamics.
- Acts 3Joseph’s assurance about the future of Israel connects with the New Testament's emphasis on fulfillment of God’s promises.
- Exodus 3The promise of God visiting His people in Genesis foreshadows the later deliverance discussed in Exodus.
Study questions
Questions for studying Genesis 50
- What rituals did Joseph perform to honor his father Jacob?
- How did Joseph’s brothers react after Jacob’s death?
- What did Joseph mean when he said God intended their evil for good?
- What was the significance of the cave of Machpelah?
- How did the Egyptians show their respect for Jacob during the mourning?
- What promises did Joseph make to his brothers before his death?
- How does Joseph’s faith in God's promises shape the chapter's conclusion?
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