ScriptureDepth's study of Isaiah 37
“Hezekiah prayed to Yahweh, saying, “Yahweh of Armies, the God of Israel, who is enthroned among the cherubim, you are the God, even you alone, of all the kingdoms of the earth. You have made heaven and earth.”
Isaiah 37:15-16
Hezekiah prays to Yahweh, declaring Him as the only God, which sets in motion the divine response to save Jerusalem from Sennacherib's threat.
What Isaiah 37 is about
When king Hezekiah heard the threats from Assyria, he tore his clothes and put on sackcloth. He went into Yahweh's house and sent Eliakim, Shebna, and the priests to Isaiah the prophet (vv. 1-2). They conveyed Hezekiah's message, stating it was a time of trouble, and asked Isaiah to pray for the remnant (vv. 3-4). Isaiah assured them not to fear the Assyrian king's words. He said God would make Sennacherib return to his land (vv. 5-7). Rabshakeh then sent a letter to Hezekiah, further threatening Jerusalem and mocking their faith (vv. 8-13). Hezekiah read the letter and prayed to Yahweh for help, recognizing God's power over all kingdoms (vv. 14-20). Isaiah responded, stating God would defend Jerusalem and prophesying the defeat of Assyria (vv. 21-35). Yahweh's angel struck down 185,000 Assyrians, and Sennacherib returned to Nineveh, where he was killed by his sons (vv. 36-38).
Yahweh promises to defend Jerusalem and assures that Sennacherib will not conquer the city.
Isaiah 37 at a glance
- Isaiah 37:1–2Hezekiah's Distress
- Isaiah 37:3–4Hezekiah's Message to Isaiah
- Isaiah 37:5–7Isaiah's Assurance of Deliverance
- Isaiah 37:8–13Rabshakeh's Threatening Message
- Isaiah 37:14–20Hezekiah's Prayer
- Isaiah 37:21–35God's Response through Isaiah
- Isaiah 37:36–38Assyrian Defeat and Sennacherib's Fate
Key verse: Isaiah 37:15-16
One thing to notice
Hezekiah 'tore his clothes' and 'covered himself with sackcloth' in vv. 1-2. He sent messengers to Isaiah to seek guidance, showing his urgency in addressing the Assyrian threat. The king's actions align with the cultural practices of seeking divine intervention in times of crisis.
Summary and study helps: AI-drafted (September 2026), checked by automated Scripture gates. Spotted an error? Report it. Fixes are listed on the corrections page.
Chapter text
Read Isaiah 37 (WEB)
Hezekiah's Distress Isaiah 37:1–2
1Verse 1. When king Hezekiah heard it, he tore his clothes, covered himself with sackcloth, and went into Yahweh’s house. 2Verse 2. He sent Eliakim, who was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and the elders of the priests, covered with sackcloth, to Isaiah the prophet, the son of Amoz.
Hezekiah's Message to Isaiah Isaiah 37:3–4
3Verse 3. They said to him, “Thus says Hezekiah, ‘Today is a day of trouble, and of rebuke, and of rejection; for the children have come to the birth, and there is no strength to give birth. 4Verse 4. It may be Yahweh your God will hear the words of Rabshakeh, whom the king of Assyria his master has sent to defy the living God, and will rebuke the words which Yahweh your God has heard. Therefore lift up your prayer for the remnant that is left.’”
Isaiah's Assurance of Deliverance Isaiah 37:5–7
5Verse 5. So the servants of king Hezekiah came to Isaiah. 6Verse 6. Isaiah said to them, “Tell your master, ‘Yahweh says, “Don’t be afraid of the words that you have heard, with which the servants of the king of Assyria have blasphemed me. 7Verse 7. Behold, I will put a spirit in him and he will hear news, and will return to his own land. I will cause him to fall by the sword in his own land.”’”
Rabshakeh's Threatening Message Isaiah 37:8–13
8Verse 8. So Rabshakeh returned, and found the king of Assyria warring against Libnah, for he had heard that he was departed from Lachish. 9Verse 9. He heard news concerning Tirhakah king of Ethiopia, “He has come out to fight against you.” When he heard it, he sent messengers to Hezekiah, saying, 10Verse 10. “Thus you shall speak to Hezekiah king of Judah, saying, ‘Don’t let your God in whom you trust deceive you, saying, “Jerusalem won’t be given into the hand of the king of Assyria.” 11Verse 11. Behold, you have heard what the kings of Assyria have done to all lands, by destroying them utterly. Shall you be delivered?
12Verse 12. Have the gods of the nations delivered them, which my fathers have destroyed, Gozan, Haran, Rezeph, and the children of Eden who were in Telassar? 13Verse 13. Where is the king of Hamath, and the king of Arpad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, of Hena, and Ivvah?’”
Hezekiah's Prayer Isaiah 37:14–20
14Verse 14. Hezekiah received the letter from the hand of the messengers and read it. Then Hezekiah went up to Yahweh’s house, and spread it before Yahweh. 15Verse 15. Hezekiah prayed to Yahweh, saying, 16Verse 16. “Yahweh of Armies, the God of Israel, who is enthroned among the cherubim, you are the God, even you alone, of all the kingdoms of the earth. You have made heaven and earth. 17Verse 17. Turn your ear, Yahweh, and hear. Open your eyes, Yahweh, and behold. Hear all of the words of Sennacherib, who has sent to defy the living God. 18Verse 18. Truly, Yahweh, the kings of Assyria have destroyed all the countries and their land,
19Verse 19. and have cast their gods into the fire; for they were no gods, but the work of men’s hands, wood and stone; therefore they have destroyed them. 20Verse 20. Now therefore, Yahweh our God, save us from his hand, that all the kingdoms of the earth may know that you are Yahweh, even you only.”
God's Response through Isaiah Isaiah 37:21–35
21Verse 21. Then Isaiah the son of Amoz sent to Hezekiah, saying, “Yahweh, the God of Israel says, ‘Because you have prayed to me against Sennacherib king of Assyria, 22Verse 22. this is the word which Yahweh has spoken concerning him. The virgin daughter of Zion has despised you and ridiculed you. The daughter of Jerusalem has shaken her head at you. 23Verse 23. Whom have you defied and blasphemed? Against whom have you exalted your voice and lifted up your eyes on high? Against the Holy One of Israel. 24Verse 24. By your servants, have you defied the Lord, and have said, “With the multitude of my chariots I have come up to the height of the mountains, to the innermost parts of Lebanon. I will cut down its tall cedars and its choice cypress trees. I will enter into its farthest height, the forest of its fruitful field.
25Verse 25. I have dug and drunk water, and with the sole of my feet I will dry up all the rivers of Egypt.” 26Verse 26. “‘Have you not heard how I have done it long ago, and formed it in ancient times? Now I have brought it to pass, that it should be yours to destroy fortified cities, turning them into ruinous heaps. 27Verse 27. Therefore their inhabitants had little power. They were dismayed and confounded. They were like the grass of the field, and like the green herb, like the grass on the housetops, and like a field before its crop has grown. 28Verse 28. But I know your sitting down, your going out, your coming in, and your raging against me.
29Verse 29. Because of your raging against me, and because your arrogance has come up into my ears, therefore will I put my hook in your nose and my bridle in your lips, and I will turn you back by the way by which you came. 30Verse 30. “‘This shall be the sign to you. You will eat this year that which grows of itself, and in the second year that which springs from the same; and in the third year sow and reap and plant vineyards, and eat their fruit. 31Verse 31. The remnant that is escaped of the house of Judah will again take root downward, and bear fruit upward.
32Verse 32. For out of Jerusalem a remnant will go out, and survivors will escape from Mount Zion. The zeal of Yahweh of Armies will perform this.’ 33Verse 33. “Therefore Yahweh says concerning the king of Assyria, ‘He will not come to this city, nor shoot an arrow there, neither will he come before it with shield, nor cast up a mound against it. 34Verse 34. By the way that he came, by the same he shall return, and he shall not come to this city,’ says Yahweh. 35Verse 35. ‘For I will defend this city to save it, for my own sake, and for my servant David’s sake.’”
Assyrian Defeat and Sennacherib's Fate Isaiah 37:36–38
36Verse 36. Then Yahweh’s angel went out and struck one hundred and eighty-five thousand men in the camp of the Assyrians. When men arose early in the morning, behold, these were all dead bodies. 37Verse 37. So Sennacherib king of Assyria departed, went away, returned to Nineveh, and stayed there. 38Verse 38. As he was worshiping in the house of Nisroch his god, Adrammelech and Sharezer his sons struck him with the sword; and they escaped into the land of Ararat. Esar Haddon his son reigned in his place.
World English Bible (public domain)
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Main themes in Isaiah 37
Faith and Trust in God
Hezekiah seeks Yahweh after receiving threats from Rabshakeh, stating, 'It may be Yahweh your God will hear' (v. 4). His prayer expresses reliance on God's power, acknowledging Him as the sole God of all kingdoms (v. 16). Isaiah assures Hezekiah that his faith is well-placed, affirming God's commitment to protect Jerusalem and deliver them from the Assyrian threat.
Divine Intervention
God intervenes dramatically when Hezekiah prays, leading to the prophecy that the king of Assyria will not attack Jerusalem (vv. 33-35). This intervention is confirmed through the angel of Yahweh, who strikes down 185,000 Assyrians overnight (v. 36). The swift action of God showcases His direct involvement in the affairs of His people.
God's Sovereignty
God's sovereignty is evident in His control over the events surrounding Assyria's threats. He declares that Sennacherib will return without success, asserting, 'For I will defend this city' (v. 35). God also speaks of His preordained plan, stating, 'I have done it long ago' (v. 26), showing His authority over nations and rulers.
The Power of Prayer
Hezekiah's heartfelt prayer in the temple demonstrates the power of prayer when he spreads the letter from Sennacherib before Yahweh (v. 14). His plea includes a request for divine deliverance, stating, 'Now therefore, Yahweh our God, save us from his hand' (v. 20). The immediate response from God through Isaiah confirms that prayer is a means through which God's action is initiated.
Chapter outline
How Isaiah 37 unfolds
Isaiah 37:1–2 Hezekiah's Distress
Hezekiah reacts to the Assyrian threat by tearing his clothes and putting on sackcloth, displaying deep distress, and he goes to Yahweh's house to seek help (vv. 1-2).
Isaiah 37:3–4 Hezekiah's Message to Isaiah
Hezekiah sends messengers to Isaiah with a message expressing his despair, stating that they have reached a critical point and asking Isaiah to pray for the remnant that remains (vv. 3-4).
Isaiah 37:5–7 Isaiah's Assurance of Deliverance
Isaiah reassures Hezekiah that Yahweh instructs him not to fear the blasphemous words of the Assyrians, promising that He will cause the king of Assyria to return home and be defeated (vv. 5-7).
Isaiah 37:8–13 Rabshakeh's Threatening Message
Rabshakeh delivers a threatening message to Hezekiah, challenging the trust in Yahweh and recounting the Assyrian conquests, highlighting the futility of relying on any god for deliverance (vv. 8-13).
Isaiah 37:14–20 Hezekiah's Prayer
Hezekiah receives Rabshakeh's letter and goes to Yahweh's house to pray, acknowledging Yahweh's sovereignty and pleading for deliverance from the Assyrians to prove His power to all nations (vv. 14-20).
Isaiah 37:21–35 God's Response through Isaiah
God responds through Isaiah, declaring judgment against Sennacherib, affirming that he will not conquer Jerusalem, and proclaiming a future restoration for Judah (vv. 21-35).
Isaiah 37:36–38 Assyrian Defeat and Sennacherib's Fate
Yahweh's angel strikes down 185,000 Assyrian soldiers, leading to Sennacherib's retreat to Nineveh, where he is ultimately killed by his own sons while worshiping his god (vv. 36-38).
Key verses
Isaiah 37:15-16Hezekiah prays to Yahweh, declaring Him as the only God, which sets in motion the divine response to save Jerusalem from Sennacherib's threat.
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Study questions
Questions for studying Isaiah 37
- observeIn v1, why does Hezekiah tear his clothes and cover himself with sackcloth?
- observeWhat does Hezekiah ask Isaiah to do in v4 regarding the remnant?
- interpretHezekiah's prayer in vv. 15-20: what does he imply about the nature of God?
- interpretIn v22, why does God refer to Jerusalem as the 'virgin daughter of Zion'?
- applyWhen have you felt the need to lay something before God like Hezekiah did in v14?
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Cross-references
Passages that echo Isaiah 37
- 2 Kings 19Isaiah 37:3 and 2 Kings 19:3Both speak of a day of trouble: Isaiah 37:3 says, ‘Today is a day of trouble,’ while 2 Kings 19:3 states, ‘Today is a day of trouble.’
- Isaiah 10Isaiah 37:36 and Isaiah 10:12Both relate to God's judgment on Assyria: Isaiah 37:36 says, ‘Yahweh’s angel went out and struck,’ while Isaiah 10:12 states, ‘I will punish the proud heart of the king of Assyria.’
- Isaiah 43Isaiah 37:35 and Isaiah 43:25Both express God's commitment: Isaiah 37:35 says, ‘For I will defend this city,’ while Isaiah 43:25 states, ‘I will not remember your sins.’
- Isaiah 36Isaiah 37:10 and Isaiah 36:15Both contain messages of faith: Isaiah 37:10 says, ‘Don’t let your God... deceive you,’ while Isaiah 36:15 states, ‘Don’t let Hezekiah make you trust in Yahweh.’
- Genesis 1Isaiah 37:16 and Genesis 1:1Both affirm God's sovereignty in creation: Isaiah 37:16 says, ‘You are the God... of all the kingdoms,’ while Genesis 1:1 states, ‘God created the heavens and the earth.’
- Isaiah 44Isaiah 37:16 and Isaiah 44:6Both declare God's uniqueness: Isaiah 37:16 states, ‘You are the God... of all the kingdoms,’ while Isaiah 44:6 says, ‘Besides me there is no God.’
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Where to go from here
- Isaiah: the whole bookIsaiah son of Amoz prophesied in Jerusalem across roughly forty years and four kings — Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz…
- Full Year Chronological Bible, day 219Day 219 of 365: Isaiah 35–37.
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