Numbers 11
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1The people were complaining in the ears of Yahweh. When Yahweh heard it, his anger burned; and Yahweh’s fire burned among them, and consumed some of the outskirts of the camp. 2The people cried to Moses; and Moses prayed to Yahweh, and the fire abated. 3The name of that place was called Taberah, because Yahweh’s fire burned among them. 4The mixed multitude that was among them lusted exceedingly: and the children of Israel also wept again, and said, “Who will give us meat to eat? 5We remember the fish, which we ate in Egypt for nothing; the cucumbers, and the melons, and the leeks, and the onions, and the garlic; 6but now we have lost our appetite. There is nothing at all except this manna to look at.” 7The manna was like coriander seed, and its appearance like the appearance of bdellium. 8The people went around, gathered it, and ground it in mills, or beat it in mortars, and boiled it in pots, and made cakes of it. Its taste was like the taste of fresh oil. 9When the dew fell on the camp in the night, the manna fell on it. 10Moses heard the people weeping throughout their families, every man at the door of his tent; and Yahweh’s anger burned greatly; and Moses was displeased. 11Moses said to Yahweh, “Why have you treated your servant so badly? Why haven’t I found favor in your sight, that you lay the burden of all this people on me? 12Have I conceived all this people? Have I brought them out, that you should tell me, ‘Carry them in your bosom, as a nurse carries a nursing infant, to the land which you swore to their fathers?’ 13Where could I get meat to give all these people? For they weep before me, saying, ‘Give us meat, that we may eat.’ 14I am not able to bear all this people alone, because it is too heavy for me. 15If you treat me this way, please kill me right now, if I have found favor in your sight; and don’t let me see my wretchedness.” 16Yahweh said to Moses, “Gather to me seventy men of the elders of Israel, whom you know to be the elders of the people, and officers over them; and bring them to the Tent of Meeting, that they may stand there with you. 17I will come down and talk with you there. I will take of the Spirit which is on you, and will put it on them; and they shall bear the burden of the people with you, that you don’t bear it yourself alone. 18“Say to the people, ‘Sanctify yourselves in preparation for tomorrow, and you will eat meat; for you have wept in the ears of Yahweh, saying, “Who will give us meat to eat? For it was well with us in Egypt.” Therefore Yahweh will give you meat, and you will eat. 19You will not eat one day, nor two days, nor five days, neither ten days, nor twenty days, 20but a whole month, until it comes out at your nostrils, and it is loathsome to you; because you have rejected Yahweh who is among you, and have wept before him, saying, “Why did we come out of Egypt?”’” 21Moses said, “The people, among whom I am, are six hundred thousand men on foot; and you have said, ‘I will give them meat, that they may eat a whole month.’ 22Shall flocks and herds be slaughtered for them, to be sufficient for them? Shall all the fish of the sea be gathered together for them, to be sufficient for them?” 23Yahweh said to Moses, “Has Yahweh’s hand grown short? Now you will see whether my word will happen to you or not.” 24Moses went out, and told the people Yahweh’s words; and he gathered seventy men of the elders of the people, and set them around the Tent. 25Yahweh came down in the cloud, and spoke to him, and took of the Spirit that was on him, and put it on the seventy elders. When the Spirit rested on them, they prophesied, but they did so no more. 26But two men remained in the camp. The name of one was Eldad, and the name of the other Medad: and the Spirit rested on them; and they were of those who were written, but had not gone out to the Tent; and they prophesied in the camp. 27A young man ran, and told Moses, and said, “Eldad and Medad are prophesying in the camp!” 28Joshua the son of Nun, the servant of Moses, one of his chosen men, answered, “My lord Moses, forbid them!” 29Moses said to him, “Are you jealous for my sake? I wish that all Yahweh’s people were prophets, that Yahweh would put his Spirit on them!” 30Moses went into the camp, he and the elders of Israel. 31A wind from Yahweh went out and brought quails from the sea, and let them fall by the camp, about a day’s journey on this side, and a day’s journey on the other side, around the camp, and about two cubits above the surface of the earth. 32The people rose up all that day, and all of that night, and all the next day, and gathered the quails. He who gathered least gathered ten homers; and they spread them all out for themselves around the camp. 33While the meat was still between their teeth, before it was chewed, Yahweh’s anger burned against the people, and Yahweh struck the people with a very great plague. 34The name of that place was called Kibroth Hattaavah, because there they buried the people who lusted. 35From Kibroth Hattaavah the people traveled to Hazeroth; and they stayed at Hazeroth.
World English Bible (public domain)
“But while the meat was yet between their teeth, before it was consumed, the anger of the Lord was kindled against the people, and the Lord struck down the people with a very great plague.”
Numbers 11:33
Summary
In Numbers chapter 11, the people of Israel grow dissatisfied and complain about their hardships in the wilderness, crying out for meat instead of the manna that God has provided. God hears their complaints, and in His anger, He sends fire to consume some of the outskirts of the camp. Moses intercedes for the people, showing his leadership and concern. The chapter highlights the tension between divine provision and human discontent, illustrating the struggle of maintaining faith during times of struggle. Eventually, God promises to provide meat for a month, and Moses is challenged by the enormity of this request. God then instructs Moses to gather seventy elders to help bear the burden of leadership, imbuing them with the Spirit. The chapter ends with a demonstration of God's provision as quail arrives abundantly, but it also serves as a reminder of the consequences of their ingratitude; some are struck down by a plague due to their greed.
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Chapter outline
How Numbers 11 unfolds
Numbers 11:1–3 Complaints and Consequences
The people complain to Yahweh about their hardships, provoking His anger, which results in fire consuming part of the camp.
Numbers 11:4–6 Desire for Meat
The mixed multitude and Israelites express longing for the food they had in Egypt, showing dissatisfaction with God’s provision of manna.
Numbers 11:7–9 Manna Described
Manna is described in detail, highlighting its unique appearance and taste, contrasting the people's craving for variety.
Numbers 11:10–15 Moses’ Distress
Moses hears the people's cries and, overwhelmed by their demands, pleads with Yahweh, expressing his inability to bear the burden alone.
Numbers 11:16–23 Selection of Elders
Yahweh instructs Moses to appoint seventy elders to share the burden, assuring him that He will provide meat in response to the people's complaints.
Numbers 11:24–30 Empowerment of Elders
Moses gathers the elders, and Yahweh bestows His Spirit upon them, enabling them to prophesy, indicating a shift in leadership.
Numbers 11:31–35 Provision of Quail and Plague
Yahweh sends quail to satisfy the people's craving, but His anger results in a plague as a consequence of their ingratitude.
Key verses
Numbers 11:33Numbers 11:33 encapsulates the chapter's tension between divine provision and the severe consequences of ingratitude.
Main themes in Numbers 11
Human Discontentment
Human discontentment is evident as the people express their cravings for meat over the manna God has provided, particularly in verses 4-6. Their yearning for familiar foods reveals a deeper issue of mistrust in God's consistent provision and care. This theme illustrates the ongoing struggle to maintain gratitude in the face of discomfort and dissatisfaction with one's circumstances.
Divine Provision
Divine provision takes center stage in this chapter as Yahweh responds to the people's complaints by promising them meat, found in verses 18-20. However, this promise comes with a clear warning about the consequences of their ingratitude, showcasing the complexity of divine generosity. This theme highlights the ongoing tension between God's willingness to provide for His people and their persistent dissatisfaction.
Leadership and Burden
Moses’ leadership burden is prominently displayed when he voices his struggles with the overwhelming demands of the people in verses 11-15. The decision to appoint seventy elders to assist him illustrates a significant shift in leadership dynamics, indicating the need for shared responsibility. This theme underscores the serious challenges leaders face while attempting to guide a discontented community.
Consequences of Sin
The consequences of sin are starkly illustrated in this chapter when a plague afflicts the people after they receive quail, as seen in verses 33-34. Their ingratitude and rejection of God's provision result in immediate and severe repercussions, emphasizing the seriousness of their rebellion. This theme serves as a cautionary reminder about the dangers of ungratefulness and the weighty consequences of turning away from God.
Cross-references
Passages that echo Numbers 11
- Luke 1This passage connects through themes of divine intervention and the fulfillment of God’s promises.
- Exodus 16Exodus 16 echoes the provision of manna, highlighting the Israelites' continued dissatisfaction in Numbers.
- Psalm 78Psalm 78 develops the narrative of Israel's complaints and ingratitude, reflecting their history of rebellion.
- Isaiah 59Isaiah 59 connects by addressing the consequences of turning away from God and the resulting judgment.
- Matthew 19Matthew 19 connects in discussing God’s provision and the challenges of human desires.
- Genesis 18Genesis 18 connects through the theme of divine promise and the fulfillment of needs, showing God's faithfulness.
Study questions
Questions for studying Numbers 11
- What specific complaints do the Israelites voice in this chapter?
- How does Moses respond to the people's demands for meat?
- What instructions does Yahweh give to Moses regarding the elders?
- What happens when the quail arrives, and how do the people react?
- How does the description of manna contrast with the people's desires?
- Why does Yahweh's anger burn against the people after the quail is provided?
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