Numbers 20
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1The children of Israel, even the whole congregation, came into the wilderness of Zin in the first month. The people stayed in Kadesh. Miriam died there, and was buried there. 2There was no water for the congregation; and they assembled themselves together against Moses and against Aaron. 3The people quarreled with Moses, and spoke, saying, “We wish that we had died when our brothers died before Yahweh! 4Why have you brought Yahweh’s assembly into this wilderness, that we should die there, we and our animals? 5Why have you made us to come up out of Egypt, to bring us in to this evil place? It is no place of seed, or of figs, or of vines, or of pomegranates; neither is there any water to drink.” 6Moses and Aaron went from the presence of the assembly to the door of the Tent of Meeting, and fell on their faces. Yahweh’s glory appeared to them. 7Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 8“Take the rod, and assemble the congregation, you, and Aaron your brother, and speak to the rock before their eyes, that it pour out its water. You shall bring water to them out of the rock; so you shall give the congregation and their livestock drink.” 9Moses took the rod from before Yahweh, as he commanded him. 10Moses and Aaron gathered the assembly together before the rock, and he said to them, “Hear now, you rebels! Shall we bring water out of this rock for you?” 11Moses lifted up his hand, and struck the rock with his rod twice, and water came out abundantly. The congregation and their livestock drank. 12Yahweh said to Moses and Aaron, “Because you didn’t believe in me, to sanctify me in the eyes of the children of Israel, therefore you shall not bring this assembly into the land which I have given them.” 13These are the waters of Meribah; because the children of Israel strove with Yahweh, and he was sanctified in them. 14Moses sent messengers from Kadesh to the king of Edom, saying: “Thus says your brother Israel: You know all the travail that has happened to us; 15how our fathers went down into Egypt, and we lived in Egypt a long time. The Egyptians mistreated us and our fathers. 16When we cried to Yahweh, he heard our voice, sent an angel, and brought us out of Egypt. Behold, we are in Kadesh, a city in the edge of your border. 17“Please let us pass through your land. We will not pass through field or through vineyard, neither will we drink from the water of the wells. We will go along the king’s highway. We will not turn away to the right hand nor to the left, until we have passed your border.” 18Edom said to him, “You shall not pass through me, lest I come out with the sword against you.” 19The children of Israel said to him, “We will go up by the highway; and if we drink your water, I and my livestock, then I will give its price. Only let me, without doing anything else, pass through on my feet.” 20He said, “You shall not pass through.” Edom came out against him with many people, and with a strong hand. 21Thus Edom refused to give Israel passage through his border, so Israel turned away from him. 22They traveled from Kadesh: and the children of Israel, even the whole congregation, came to Mount Hor. 23Yahweh spoke to Moses and Aaron in Mount Hor, by the border of the land of Edom, saying, 24“Aaron shall be gathered to his people; for he shall not enter into the land which I have given to the children of Israel, because you rebelled against my word at the waters of Meribah. 25Take Aaron and Eleazar his son, and bring them up to Mount Hor; 26and strip Aaron of his garments, and put them on Eleazar his son. Aaron shall be gathered, and shall die there.” 27Moses did as Yahweh commanded. They went up into Mount Hor in the sight of all the congregation. 28Moses stripped Aaron of his garments, and put them on Eleazar his son. Aaron died there on the top of the mountain, and Moses and Eleazar came down from the mountain. 29When all the congregation saw that Aaron was dead, they wept for Aaron thirty days, even all the house of Israel.
World English Bible (public domain)
“And the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, "Because you did not believe in me, to uphold me as holy in the eyes of the people of Israel, therefore you shall not bring this assembly into the land that I have given them."”
Numbers 20:12
Summary
Numbers chapter 20 describes critical events as the Israelites face continued challenges during their wilderness journey. The chapter opens with the death of Miriam, Moses' sister, which highlights the reality of loss among the community. Soon after, the Israelites find themselves without water and, in their desperation, turn to Moses and Aaron, lamenting their circumstances. Moses, instructed by God, gathers the people and is commanded to speak to a rock to bring forth water. However, in frustration, Moses strikes the rock instead of speaking to it, leading to a significant consequence: both he and Aaron are barred from entering the Promised Land. This passage emphasizes the importance of obedience to God's commands and the gravity of leadership in representing God to His people. The struggle for water serves both as a physical and metaphorical representation of God's provision, even amidst frustration and disappointment. Following this incident, the chapter recounts the Israelites’ transition as they seek passage through Edom, where their request for safe passage is denied, leading them to redirect their journey. The chapter concludes with Aaron's death on Mount Hor, a somber moment that signifies the end of an era in leadership as his position is passed on to his son, Eleazar. This transition highlights themes of continuity in leadership amidst change and serves as a reminder of God's faithfulness even through leadership transitions. Overall, Numbers 20 encapsulates themes of obedience, leadership, human frailty, and divine provision, illustrating the complexities of faith along the journey to the Promised Land.
Key Themes
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