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Exodus 14

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1Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 2“Speak to the children of Israel, that they turn back and encamp before Pihahiroth, between Migdol and the sea, before Baal Zephon. You shall encamp opposite it by the sea. 3Pharaoh will say of the children of Israel, ‘They are entangled in the land. The wilderness has shut them in.’ 4I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and he will follow after them; and I will get honor over Pharaoh, and over all his armies; and the Egyptians shall know that I am Yahweh.” They did so. 5The king of Egypt was told that the people had fled; and the heart of Pharaoh and of his servants was changed towards the people, and they said, “What is this we have done, that we have let Israel go from serving us?” 6He prepared his chariot, and took his army with him; 7and he took six hundred chosen chariots, and all the chariots of Egypt, and captains over all of them. 8Yahweh hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued the children of Israel; for the children of Israel went out with a high hand. 9The Egyptians pursued them. All the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, his horsemen, and his army overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pihahiroth, before Baal Zephon. 10When Pharaoh came near, the children of Israel lifted up their eyes, and behold, the Egyptians were marching after them; and they were very afraid. The children of Israel cried out to Yahweh. 11They said to Moses, “Because there were no graves in Egypt, have you taken us away to die in the wilderness? Why have you treated us this way, to bring us out of Egypt? 12Isn’t this the word that we spoke to you in Egypt, saying, ‘Leave us alone, that we may serve the Egyptians?’ For it would have been better for us to serve the Egyptians than to die in the wilderness.” 13Moses said to the people, “Don’t be afraid. Stand still, and see the salvation of Yahweh, which he will work for you today: for the Egyptians whom you have seen today, you shall never see them again. 14Yahweh will fight for you, and you shall be still.” 15Yahweh said to Moses, “Why do you cry to me? Speak to the children of Israel, that they go forward. 16Lift up your rod, and stretch out your hand over the sea, and divide it: and the children of Israel shall go into the middle of the sea on dry ground. 17Behold, I myself will harden the hearts of the Egyptians, and they shall go in after them: and I will get myself honor over Pharaoh, and over all his armies, over his chariots, and over his horsemen. 18The Egyptians shall know that I am Yahweh, when I have gotten myself honor over Pharaoh, over his chariots, and over his horsemen.” 19The angel of God, who went before the camp of Israel, moved and went behind them; and the pillar of cloud moved from before them, and stood behind them. 20It came between the camp of Egypt and the camp of Israel; and there was the cloud and the darkness, yet gave it light by night: and one didn’t come near the other all night. 21Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and Yahweh caused the sea to go back by a strong east wind all night, and made the sea dry land, and the waters were divided. 22The children of Israel went into the middle of the sea on the dry ground, and the waters were a wall to them on their right hand, and on their left. 23The Egyptians pursued, and went in after them into the middle of the sea: all of Pharaoh’s horses, his chariots, and his horsemen. 24In the morning watch, Yahweh looked out on the Egyptian army through the pillar of fire and of cloud, and confused the Egyptian army. 25He took off their chariot wheels, and they drove them heavily; so that the Egyptians said, “Let’s flee from the face of Israel, for Yahweh fights for them against the Egyptians!” 26Yahweh said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand over the sea, that the waters may come again on the Egyptians, on their chariots, and on their horsemen.” 27Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its strength when the morning appeared; and the Egyptians fled against it. Yahweh overthrew the Egyptians in the middle of the sea. 28The waters returned, and covered the chariots and the horsemen, even all Pharaoh’s army that went in after them into the sea. There remained not so much as one of them. 29But the children of Israel walked on dry land in the middle of the sea, and the waters were a wall to them on their right hand, and on their left. 30Thus Yahweh saved Israel that day out of the hand of the Egyptians; and Israel saw the Egyptians dead on the seashore. 31Israel saw the great work which Yahweh did to the Egyptians, and the people feared Yahweh; and they believed in Yahweh, and in his servant Moses.

World English Bible (public domain)

The LORD will fight for you, and you have only to be silent.

Exodus 14:14

Summary

Exodus chapter 14 depicts the dramatic moment when the Israelites, having fled from Egypt, find themselves trapped between the Red Sea and the pursuing Egyptian army. God instructs Moses to lift his staff over the sea, causing the waters to part and allowing the Israelites to cross on dry ground. As the Egyptians pursue them, the waters return, engulfing the entire army. This event is a demonstration of God's power and faithfulness in delivering His people, reinforcing the theme that God fights for those who trust in Him. The chapter concludes with the Israelites witnessing this miracle and believing in the LORD and His servant Moses, signifying the establishment of their faith in a powerful God who saves.

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Chapter outline

How Exodus 14 unfolds

  1. Exodus 14:1–10 God's Instruction and Israel's Fear

    Yahweh instructs Moses to turn back to a specific location by the sea. When the Israelites see the pursuing Egyptians, they become fearful and cry out to Yahweh, expressing their doubt in Moses' leadership.

  2. Exodus 14:11–20 Moses' Assurance and Divine Plan

    Moses reassures the Israelites not to be afraid, promising Yahweh's salvation. Yahweh instructs Moses to lift his rod to part the sea, indicating His power and plan to deliver Israel.

  3. Exodus 14:21–31 The Miracle of Crossing and Israel's Faith

    Moses obeys, and the sea parts, allowing Israel to cross on dry ground. The Egyptians pursue but are ultimately drowned as the waters return, leading Israel to fear Yahweh and believe in Him and Moses.

Key verses

  • Exodus 14:14Exodus 14:14 encapsulates the essence of the chapter by affirming that God fights on behalf of His people.

Main themes in Exodus 14

God's deliverance

God's deliverance is a central theme, especially in verses 13-14, where Moses assures the people of their imminent salvation. The chapter shows that despite their fear, Yahweh's actions, such as parting the sea, are designed to demonstrate His saving power. This theme emphasizes God's commitment to protect and deliver His chosen people from danger.

Faith in God's power

Faith in God's power emerges clearly in verses 13-14 and is built throughout the chapter as the Israelites witness His miraculous works. As they stand at the water's edge, they must choose to trust in Moses' words and God's promises despite their fear. This theme highlights the growing trust and faith that develops among the Israelites after witnessing God's intervention.

Divine intervention

Divine intervention is evident in verses 19-20, where God's angel and the pillar of cloud protect Israel from the pursuing Egyptians. This chapter illustrates how God intervenes at crucial moments to protect His people from harm. Such intervention not only serves to save Israel but also magnifies God's authority over the Egyptians.

The significance of obedience

The significance of obedience appears in Moses' actions in verses 16 and 21, where he follows God's instructions to part the sea. The Israelites' crossing on dry land demonstrates the critical role of obedience in receiving God's deliverance. Their successful escape affirms that obeying God's commands leads to salvific outcomes.

Cross-references

Passages that echo Exodus 14

Study questions

Questions for studying Exodus 14

  1. What does Yahweh instruct Moses to do in verses 1-2?
  2. How do the Israelites react to the approaching Egyptians in verse 10?
  3. What does Moses promise the people in verse 14?
  4. How does the parting of the sea illustrate God's power in this chapter?
  5. What is the significance of the Israelites' response at the end of the chapter?

Exodus 14: frequently asked questions

What is Exodus 14 about?+
Exodus chapter 14 depicts the dramatic moment when the Israelites, having fled from Egypt, find themselves trapped between the Red Sea and the pursuing Egyptian army. God instructs Moses to lift his staff over the sea, causing the waters to part and allowing the Israelites to cross on dry ground. As the Egyptians pursue them, the waters return, engulfing the entire army. This event is a demonstration of God's power and faithfulness in delivering His people, reinforcing the theme that God fights for those who trust in Him. The chapter concludes with the Israelites witnessing this miracle and believing in the LORD and His servant Moses, signifying the establishment of their faith in a powerful God who saves.
What is the key verse in Exodus 14?+
Exodus 14:14: "The LORD will fight for you, and you have only to be silent."
What are the main themes of Exodus 14?+
The main themes of Exodus 14 are God's deliverance, Faith in God's power, Divine intervention, The significance of obedience.

Related chapters

Chapters that connect with Exodus 14

Study Notes