2 Chronicles 20
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1After this, the children of Moab, the children of Ammon, and with them some of the Ammonites, came against Jehoshaphat to battle. 2Then some came who told Jehoshaphat, saying, “A great multitude is coming against you from beyond the sea from Syria. Behold, they are in Hazazon Tamar” (that is, En Gedi). 3Jehoshaphat was alarmed, and set himself to seek to Yahweh. He proclaimed a fast throughout all Judah. 4Judah gathered themselves together to seek help from Yahweh. They came out of all the cities of Judah to seek Yahweh. 5Jehoshaphat stood in the assembly of Judah and Jerusalem, in Yahweh’s house, before the new court; 6and he said, “Yahweh, the God of our fathers, aren’t you God in heaven? Aren’t you ruler over all the kingdoms of the nations? Power and might are in your hand, so that no one is able to withstand you. 7Didn’t you, our God, drive out the inhabitants of this land before your people Israel, and give it to the offspring of Abraham your friend forever? 8They lived in it, and have built you a sanctuary in it for your name, saying, 9‘If evil comes on us—the sword, judgment, pestilence, or famine—we will stand before this house, and before you (for your name is in this house), and cry to you in our affliction, and you will hear and save.’ 10Now, behold, the children of Ammon and Moab and Mount Seir, whom you would not let Israel invade when they came out of the land of Egypt, but they turned away from them, and didn’t destroy them; 11behold, how they reward us, to come to cast us out of your possession, which you have given us to inherit. 12Our God, will you not judge them? For we have no might against this great company that comes against us. We don’t know what to do, but our eyes are on you.” 13All Judah stood before Yahweh, with their little ones, their wives, and their children. 14Then Yahweh’s Spirit came on Jahaziel the son of Zechariah, the son of Benaiah, the son of Jeiel, the son of Mattaniah, the Levite, of the sons of Asaph, in the middle of the assembly; 15and he said, “Listen, all Judah, and you inhabitants of Jerusalem, and you, king Jehoshaphat. Yahweh says to you, ‘Don’t be afraid, and don’t be dismayed because of this great multitude; for the battle is not yours, but God’s. 16Tomorrow, go down against them. Behold, they are coming up by the ascent of Ziz. You will find them at the end of the valley, before the wilderness of Jeruel. 17You will not need to fight this battle. Set yourselves, stand still, and see the salvation of Yahweh with you, O Judah and Jerusalem. Don’t be afraid, nor be dismayed. Go out against them tomorrow, for Yahweh is with you.’” 18Jehoshaphat bowed his head with his face to the ground; and all Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem fell down before Yahweh, worshiping Yahweh. 19The Levites, of the children of the Kohathites and of the children of the Korahites, stood up to praise Yahweh, the God of Israel, with an exceeding loud voice. 20They rose early in the morning, and went out into the wilderness of Tekoa. As they went out, Jehoshaphat stood and said, “Listen to me, Judah, and you inhabitants of Jerusalem! Believe in Yahweh your God, so you will be established! Believe his prophets, so you will prosper.” 21When he had taken counsel with the people, he appointed those who were to sing to Yahweh, and give praise in holy array, as they go out before the army, and say, “Give thanks to Yahweh; for his loving kindness endures forever.” 22When they began to sing and to praise, Yahweh set ambushers against the children of Ammon, Moab, and Mount Seir, who had come against Judah; and they were struck. 23For the children of Ammon and Moab stood up against the inhabitants of Mount Seir to utterly kill and destroy them: and when they had finished the inhabitants of Seir, everyone helped to destroy another. 24When Judah came to the place overlooking the wilderness, they looked at the multitude; and behold, they were dead bodies fallen to the earth, and there were none who escaped. 25When Jehoshaphat and his people came to take their plunder, they found among them in abundance both riches and dead bodies, and precious jewels, which they stripped off for themselves, more than they could carry away. They took plunder for three days, it was so much. 26On the fourth day, they assembled themselves in Beracah Valley, for there they blessed Yahweh. Therefore the name of that place was called “Beracah Valley” to this day. 27Then they returned, every man of Judah and Jerusalem, with Jehoshaphat in front of them, to go again to Jerusalem with joy; for Yahweh had made them to rejoice over their enemies. 28They came to Jerusalem with stringed instruments, harps, and trumpets to Yahweh’s house. 29The fear of God was on all the kingdoms of the countries, when they heard that Yahweh fought against the enemies of Israel. 30So the realm of Jehoshaphat was quiet, for his God gave him rest all around. 31Jehoshaphat reigned over Judah. He was thirty-five years old when he began to reign; and he reigned twenty-five years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Azubah the daughter of Shilhi. 32He walked in the way of Asa his father, and didn’t turn away from it, doing that which was right in Yahweh’s eyes. 33However the high places were not taken away, and the people had still not set their hearts on the God of their fathers. 34Now the rest of the acts of Jehoshaphat, first and last, behold, they are written in the history of Jehu the son of Hanani, which is included in the book of the kings of Israel. 35After this, Jehoshaphat king of Judah joined himself with Ahaziah king of Israel. The same did very wickedly. 36He joined himself with him to make ships to go to Tarshish. They made the ships in Ezion Geber. 37Then Eliezer the son of Dodavahu of Mareshah prophesied against Jehoshaphat, saying, “Because you have joined yourself with Ahaziah, Yahweh has destroyed your works.” The ships were wrecked, so that they were not able to go to Tarshish.
World English Bible (public domain)
“For the battle is not yours, but God's.”
2 Chronicles 20:15
Summary
In 2 Chronicles chapter 20, King Jehoshaphat of Judah faces a grave threat from a coalition of enemy nations seeking to attack Jerusalem. Alarmed, Jehoshaphat turns to prayer and fasting, calling upon the people of Judah to seek the Lord for guidance and help. He gathers the nation at the temple, where he leads them in a heartfelt prayer that acknowledges God's sovereignty, recounts His past faithfulness, and seeks divine intervention against their enemies. Jehoshaphat's humility and reliance on God underline a key theme of trust in divine providence amidst overwhelming odds. God responds to their plea through a prophet named Jahaziel, who assures them that the battle is not theirs, but God’s. The people are instructed to march against their enemies, but instead of arming themselves for battle, they are told to sing and praise the Lord, demonstrating profound faith. As they obey, the enemies turn on one another, and God delivers Judah from what seemed like inevitable destruction. This miraculous victory highlights the significance of faith and worship in times of trouble, illustrating that true power lies not in human strength but in divine assistance. After the victory, Jehoshaphat and the people return to Jerusalem with joy, praising God for His mercy and deliverance. They gather to celebrate, leading to a time of peace in the land as fear of the Lord fell upon the surrounding nations. This chapter poignantly illustrates themes of prayer, communal faith, and divine deliverance, inviting believers to trust in God's providential care during challenging times.
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Chapter outline
How 2 Chronicles 20 unfolds
2 Chronicles 20:1–4 Threat from Moab and Ammon
A coalition of Moab, Ammon, and others gather to attack Jehoshaphat. Alarmed, Jehoshaphat calls for a national fast and seeks the Lord's help.
2 Chronicles 20:5–12 Jehoshaphat's Prayer for Help
In the temple, Jehoshaphat prays, acknowledging God's sovereignty and recalling His past actions. He expresses their helplessness and asks for divine judgment on their enemies.
2 Chronicles 20:13–17 God's Assurance through Jahaziel
The Spirit of the Lord speaks through Jahaziel, assuring the people that the battle belongs to God. They are to stand firm and witness God's salvation.
2 Chronicles 20:18–22 Praise Before the Battle
Jehoshaphat and the people worship God after receiving assurance. They are instructed to lead with praise and gratitude as they head toward battle.
2 Chronicles 20:23–26 Victory Through Divine Intervention
The enemies turn on each other, leading to their destruction. Judah witnesses a miraculous victory, gathering plunder for three days.
2 Chronicles 20:27–30 Return to Jerusalem with Joy
The people return to Jerusalem joyfully, praising God for His deliverance. Fear from Judah's victory spreads to surrounding nations, bringing peace.
2 Chronicles 20:31–37 Jehoshaphat's Reign and Downfall
Jehoshaphat reigns righteously but fails to remove high places. His alliance with Ahaziah leads to a prophetic warning about future consequences.
Key verses
2 Chronicles 20:15This key verse encapsulates the chapter's message that reliance on God leads to victory over overwhelming circumstances.
Main themes in 2 Chronicles 20
Trust in God during adversity
The theme of trusting God surfaces when Jehoshaphat seeks help at the temple in verses 5-12. In his prayer, Jehoshaphat acknowledges the impossibility of their situation and turns to God for deliverance, showing his reliance on divine strength. This trust is central to the chapter's movement, illustrating how faith in God provides assurance and hope when facing overwhelming challenges.
The power of prayer and communal worship
Prayer and communal worship are highlighted when Jehoshaphat gathers the people of Judah in verses 3-4 and again in verses 18-19. This collective act of seeking God's guidance fosters unity among the people and reinforces their dependence on Him in times of crisis. The theme emphasizes that shared faith and worship can enhance spiritual strength and invite divine intervention in difficult circumstances.
Divine providence and intervention
God’s providence is evident when He speaks through Jahaziel, assuring Judah that the battle belongs to Him in verses 15-17. This assurance leads to a miraculous victory, illustrating how divine intervention can turn seemingly hopeless situations into triumphs. The theme underscores that God actively works on behalf of His people, offering them protection and salvation in their times of need.
The importance of faith over fear
In the face of a formidable enemy, Jehoshaphat is reminded not to fear in verse 15. The chapter develops this theme as the people choose to praise God and trust in His promises instead of preparing for battle. This decision illustrates that faith can empower individuals to overcome fear, highlighting a path to victory that rests on spiritual confidence rather than mere human strength.
Cross-references
Passages that echo 2 Chronicles 20
- Exodus 14This passage echoes themes of divine deliverance when Israel faces its enemies at the Red Sea, paralleling Judah's situation.
- Isaiah 41Isaiah connects with this chapter by emphasizing God's promise to strengthen and help His people in times of fear.
- 2 Chronicles 32This passage develops the theme of divine protection as Hezekiah faces Sennacherib, similar to Jehoshaphat's reliance on God.
- 2 Chronicles 15This chapter connects by highlighting the importance of seeking the Lord for security and assurance during times of distress.
- Deuteronomy 31Deuteronomy develops the theme of God's presence with His people, encouraging them not to fear, like Judah in their battle.
- Romans 8This passage connects by affirming that God is for His people, paralleling the assurance given to Judah in their crisis.
Study questions
Questions for studying 2 Chronicles 20
- Who are the main enemies threatening Judah in this chapter?
- What does Jehoshaphat do when he learns about the threat?
- How does Jahaziel deliver God's message to the people?
- What role does worship play in the battle strategy?
- What is the significance of the name Beracah Valley?
- How does this chapter illustrate God's power over the nations?
- What lessons can we learn from Jehoshaphat's leadership and faith?
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