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ScriptureDepth's study of 1 Chronicles 4

Jabez called on the God of Israel, saying, “Oh that you would bless me indeed, and enlarge my border! May your hand be with me, and may you keep me from evil, that I may not cause pain!” God granted him that which he requested.

1 Chronicles 4:10

Jabez calls on the God of Israel for blessing and protection, initiating a prayer that receives divine response and establishes his honorable legacy in Judah.

What 1 Chronicles 4 is about

The sons of Judah are named, including Perez, Hezron, Carmi, Hur, and Shobal (vv. 1-4). Reaiah, Shobal's son, is the father of Jahath, whose descendants are the Zorathites. Ashhur, the father of Tekoa, had two wives, Helah and Naarah, who bore him several sons (vv. 5-10). Among these descendants, Jabez stands out as more honorable than his brothers. He prays to God, asking for blessing and protection, and God grants his request. Further generations are listed, with Chelub and his descendants, including Joab, who was a craftsman (vv. 11-20). Simeon's descendants are also named, along with their settlements in various cities like Beersheba and Ziklag (vv. 21-30). Finally, some warriors from Simeon went to Mount Seir and struck down remnants of the Amalekites (vv. 31-43).

God granted Jabez's request for blessing and protection from evil.

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1 Chronicles 4 at a glance

  1. 1 Chronicles 4:1–4Sons of Judah and Early Lineage
  2. 1 Chronicles 4:5–10The Family of Ashhur and Jabez
  3. 1 Chronicles 4:11–20Further Generations and Cities
  4. 1 Chronicles 4:21–30Simeon's Descendants and Settlements
  5. 1 Chronicles 4:31–43Simeon's Warriors and Actions

Key verse: 1 Chronicles 4:10

One thing to notice

The text mentions the settlements of the sons of Simeon in detail, listing cities in vv. 28-30. It notes their geographical locations and the extent of their territories, such as 'They lived at Beersheba, Moladah, Hazarshual,' providing a clear picture of their habitation in the region.

Summary and study helps: AI-drafted (September 2026), checked by automated Scripture gates. Spotted an error? Report it. Fixes are listed on the corrections page.

Chapter text

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Sons of Judah and Early Lineage 1 Chronicles 4:1–4

Verse 1. The sons of Judah: Perez, Hezron, Carmi, Hur, and Shobal. Verse 2. Reaiah the son of Shobal became the father of Jahath; and Jahath became the father of Ahumai and Lahad. These are the families of the Zorathites. Verse 3. These were the sons of the father of Etam: Jezreel, Ishma, and Idbash. The name of their sister was Hazzelelponi. Verse 4. Penuel was the father of Gedor and Ezer the father of Hushah. These are the sons of Hur, the firstborn of Ephrathah, the father of Bethlehem.

The Family of Ashhur and Jabez 1 Chronicles 4:5–10

Verse 5. Ashhur the father of Tekoa had two wives, Helah and Naarah. Verse 6. Naarah bore him Ahuzzam, Hepher, Temeni, and Haahashtari. These were the sons of Naarah. Verse 7. The sons of Helah were Zereth, Izhar, and Ethnan. Verse 8. Hakkoz became the father of Anub, Zobebah, and the families of Aharhel the son of Harum. Verse 9. Jabez was more honorable than his brothers. His mother named him Jabez, saying, “Because I bore him with sorrow.” Verse 10. Jabez called on the God of Israel, saying, “Oh that you would bless me indeed, and enlarge my border! May your hand be with me, and may you keep me from evil, that I may not cause pain!” God granted him that which he requested.

Further Generations and Cities 1 Chronicles 4:11–20

Verse 11. Chelub the brother of Shuhah became the father of Mehir, who was the father of Eshton. Verse 12. Eshton became the father of Beth Rapha, Paseah, and Tehinnah the father of Ir Nahash. These are the men of Recah. Verse 13. The sons of Kenaz: Othniel and Seraiah. The sons of Othniel: Hathath. Verse 14. Meonothai became the father of Ophrah: and Seraiah became the father of Joab the father of Ge Harashim; for they were craftsmen. Verse 15. The sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh: Iru, Elah, and Naam. The son of Elah: Kenaz. Verse 16. The sons of Jehallelel: Ziph, Ziphah, Tiria, and Asarel.

Verse 17. The sons of Ezrah: Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon; and she bore Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa. Verse 18. His wife the Jewess bore Jered the father of Gedor, Heber the father of Soco, and Jekuthiel the father of Zanoah. These are the sons of Bithiah the daughter of Pharaoh, whom Mered took. Verse 19. The sons of the wife of Hodiah, the sister of Naham, were the father of Keilah the Garmite, and Eshtemoa the Maacathite. Verse 20. The sons of Shimon: Amnon, Rinnah, Ben Hanan, and Tilon. The sons of Ishi: Zoheth, and Ben Zoheth.

Simeon's Descendants and Settlements 1 Chronicles 4:21–30

Verse 21. The sons of Shelah the son of Judah: Er the father of Lecah, Laadah the father of Mareshah, and the families of the house of those who worked fine linen, of the house of Ashbea; Verse 22. and Jokim, and the men of Cozeba, and Joash, and Saraph, who had dominion in Moab, and Jashubilehem. These records are ancient. Verse 23. These were the potters, and the inhabitants of Netaim and Gederah: they lived there with the king for his work. Verse 24. The sons of Simeon: Nemuel, Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, Shaul; Verse 25. Shallum his son, Mibsam his son, and Mishma his son. Verse 26. The sons of Mishma: Hammuel his son, Zaccur his son, Shimei his son.

Verse 27. Shimei had sixteen sons and six daughters; but his brothers didn’t have many children, and all their family did not multiply like the children of Judah. Verse 28. They lived at Beersheba, Moladah, Hazarshual, Verse 29. at Bilhah, at Ezem, at Tolad, Verse 30. at Bethuel, at Hormah, at Ziklag,

Simeon's Warriors and Actions 1 Chronicles 4:31–43

Verse 31. at Beth Marcaboth, Hazar Susim, at Beth Biri, and at Shaaraim. These were their cities until David’s reign. Verse 32. Their villages were Etam, Ain, Rimmon, Tochen, and Ashan, five cities; Verse 33. and all their villages that were around the same cities, to Baal. These were their settlements, and they have their genealogy. Verse 34. Meshobab, Jamlech, Joshah the son of Amaziah, Verse 35. Joel, Jehu the son of Joshibiah, the son of Seraiah, the son of Asiel, Verse 36. Elioenai, Jaakobah, Jeshohaiah, Asaiah, Adiel, Jesimiel, Benaiah,

Verse 37. and Ziza the son of Shiphi, the son of Allon, the son of Jedaiah, the son of Shimri, the son of Shemaiah— Verse 38. these mentioned by name were princes in their families. Their fathers’ houses increased greatly. Verse 39. They went to the entrance of Gedor, even to the east side of the valley, to seek pasture for their flocks. Verse 40. They found fat pasture and good, and the land was wide, and quiet, and peaceful; for those who lived there before were descended from Ham. Verse 41. These written by name came in the days of Hezekiah king of Judah, and struck their tents. The Meunim who were found there, and they destroyed them utterly to this day, and lived in their place; because there was pasture there for their flocks.

Verse 42. Some of them, even of the sons of Simeon, five hundred men, went to Mount Seir, having for their captains Pelatiah, Neariah, Rephaiah, and Uzziel, the sons of Ishi. Verse 43. They struck the remnant of the Amalekites who escaped, and have lived there to this day.

World English Bible (public domain)

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Main themes in 1 Chronicles 4

Genealogy and Heritage

The chapter opens with a detailed listing of the descendants of Judah, including 'Perez, Hezron, Carmi, Hur, and Shobal' (v. 1). This lineage continues through various families and notable figures, such as Jabez, who is distinguished for his honor. Lineages like that of 'Chelub the brother of Shuhah' (v. 11) and the genealogies of Simeon in later verses contribute to the understanding of heritage within the Israelite community.

Prayer and Divine Favor

In verses 9 and 10, Jabez is described as 'more honorable than his brothers,' and he prays earnestly to God, asking for blessings and protection. His request includes a plea for God's hand to be with him and to keep him from causing pain. The text states that 'God granted him that which he requested,' illustrating the connection between sincere prayer and divine favor.

God's Promises and Covenant

The genealogical records in this chapter document God's faithfulness to His promises, particularly through the line of Judah. The mention of cities such as Bethlehem, 'the father of Bethlehem' (v. 4), connects to the ongoing narrative of God's covenant with Israel. The preservation of families and their lands affirms God's commitment to His people and their inheritance.

The Importance of Individual Stories

Amid the genealogical framework, individual stories like that of Jabez (vv. 9-10) stand out. His specific prayer and the divine response add a personal element to the lists of names. The mention of 'the sons of Simeon' (v. 24) and their activities further highlights the significance of individual lives and their contributions within the larger community.

Chapter outline

How 1 Chronicles 4 unfolds

  1. 1 Chronicles 4:1–4 Sons of Judah and Early Lineage

    The verses list the sons of Judah, naming Perez, Hezron, Carmi, Hur, and Shobal, and detail Shobal's descendants, including Jahath, Ahumai, and Lahad, along with family connections to the Zorathites (vv. 1-3).

  2. 1 Chronicles 4:5–10 The Family of Ashhur and Jabez

    The verses describe Ashhur's family, mentioning his two wives and their children, while introducing Jabez, who prays to God for blessings and protection, which God grants (vv. 5-10).

  3. 1 Chronicles 4:11–20 Further Generations and Cities

    Further descendants are named, including Chelub and Mehir, leading to the mention of cities associated with their families, such as Gedor and Bethlehem (vv. 11-20).

  4. 1 Chronicles 4:21–30 Simeon's Descendants and Settlements

    Simeon's descendants are listed, detailing notable figures like Er and Laadah, and outlining their settlements in various cities, including Beersheba and Ziklag (vv. 21-30).

  5. 1 Chronicles 4:31–43 Simeon's Warriors and Actions

    The verses detail the settlements and actions of Simeon's warriors, including their campaigns against the Amalekites and their establishment in the region of Mount Seir, noting specific leaders and their successful endeavors (vv. 31-43).

Key verses

  • 1 Chronicles 4:10Jabez calls on the God of Israel for blessing and protection, initiating a prayer that receives divine response and establishes his honorable legacy in Judah.

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Study questions

Questions for studying 1 Chronicles 4

Uses your daily Ask questions.

  1. observeIn v6, why does Ashhur have two wives named Helah and Naarah?
  2. observeWhat does Jabez’s mother mean when she names him Jabez in v9?
  3. interpretIn vv. 9-10, why does Jabez emphasize his desire to not cause pain?
  4. interpretIn v41, what does it mean that the Meunim were destroyed 'utterly to this day'?
  5. applyWhen have you felt a desire to ask God for something like Jabez did in v10?

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1 Chronicles 4: frequently asked questions

What is 1 Chronicles 4 about?+
The sons of Judah are named, including Perez, Hezron, Carmi, Hur, and Shobal (vv. 1-4).
What is the key verse in 1 Chronicles 4?+
1 Chronicles 4:10: “Jabez called on the God of Israel, saying, “Oh that you would bless me indeed, and enlarge my border! May your hand be with me, and may you keep me from evil, that I may not cause pain!” God granted him that which he requested.”
What are the main themes of 1 Chronicles 4?+
The main themes of 1 Chronicles 4 are Genealogy and Heritage, Prayer and Divine Favor, God's Promises and Covenant, The Importance of Individual Stories.

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Study Notes