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Daniel 10

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1In the third year of Cyrus king of Persia a thing was revealed to Daniel, whose name was called Belteshazzar; and the thing was true, even a great warfare. He understood the thing, and had understanding of the vision. 2In those days I, Daniel, was mourning three whole weeks. 3I ate no pleasant bread. No meat or wine came into my mouth. I didn’t anoint myself at all, until three whole weeks were fulfilled. 4In the twenty-fourth day of the first month, as I was by the side of the great river, which is Hiddekel, 5I lifted up my eyes, and looked, and behold, there was a man clothed in linen, whose thighs were adorned with pure gold of Uphaz. 6His body also was like the beryl, and his face as the appearance of lightning, and his eyes as flaming torches. His arms and his feet were like burnished brass. The voice of his words was like the voice of a multitude. 7I, Daniel, alone saw the vision; for the men who were with me didn’t see the vision; but a great quaking fell on them, and they fled to hide themselves. 8So I was left alone, and saw this great vision. No strength remained in me; for my comeliness was turned in me into corruption, and I retained no strength. 9Yet I heard the voice of his words. When I heard the voice of his words, then I fell into a deep sleep on my face, with my face toward the ground. 10Behold, a hand touched me, which set me on my knees and on the palms of my hands. 11He said to me, Daniel, you greatly beloved man, understand the words that I speak to you, and stand upright; for I have been sent to you, now. When he had spoken this word to me, I stood trembling. 12Then he said to me, “Don’t be afraid, Daniel; for from the first day that you set your heart to understand, and to humble yourself before your God, your words were heard. I have come for your words’ sake. 13But the prince of the kingdom of Persia withstood me twenty-one days; but, behold, Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help me because I remained there with the kings of Persia. 14Now I have come to make you understand what will happen to your people in the latter days; for the vision is yet for many days.” 15When he had spoken these words to me, I set my face toward the ground, and was mute. 16Behold, one in the likeness of the sons of men touched my lips. Then I opened my mouth, and spoke and said to him who stood before me, “My lord, by reason of the vision my sorrows have overtaken me, and I retain no strength. 17For how can the servant of this my lord talk with this my lord? For as for me, immediately there remained no strength in me. There was no breath left in me.” 18Then one like the appearance of a man touched me again, and he strengthened me. 19He said, “Greatly beloved man, don’t be afraid. Peace be to you. Be strong. Yes, be strong.” When he spoke to me, I was strengthened, and said, “Let my lord speak; for you have strengthened me.” 20Then he said, “Do you know why I have come to you? Now I will return to fight with the prince of Persia. When I go out, behold, the prince of Greece will come. 21But I will tell you that which is inscribed in the writing of truth. There is no one who holds with me against these, but Michael your prince.

World English Bible (public domain)

"Fear not, Daniel, for from the first day that you set your heart to understand and humbled yourself before your God, your words have been heard, and I have come because of your words."

Daniel 10:12

Summary

Daniel chapter 10 presents a powerful vision experienced by the prophet Daniel during the third year of King Cyrus of Persia's reign. The chapter begins with Daniel mourning and fasting for three weeks when a heavenly being appears to him, described with awe-inspiring imagery, emphasizing the divine glory and power. Terrified, those with Daniel flee, leaving him alone, overwhelmed and drained at the sight. The heavenly being reassures Daniel, declaring that his prayers were heard from the first day of his fasting, but the messenger was delayed by opposition from the 'prince of Persia' until the archangel Michael aided him. The vision highlights the spiritual warfare affecting earthly events, revealing the cosmological struggle behind the scenes. This emphasizes the importance of perseverance in prayer and faithfulness despite delayed responses or spiritual challenges.

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Chapter outline

How Daniel 10 unfolds

  1. Daniel 10:1–2 Daniel's Mourning and Revelation

    In the third year of Cyrus, Daniel mourns for three weeks, seeking understanding of a troubling vision. His fasting reflects deep concern for his people.

  2. Daniel 10:3–4 The Vision by the River

    While by the river Hiddekel, Daniel sees a glorious figure, emphasizing the importance of divine communication. This figure is described with striking imagery, indicating his heavenly nature.

  3. Daniel 10:5–10 Daniel's Response to the Vision

    Terrified by the vision, Daniel is left alone as his companions flee in fear. He collapses, overwhelmed by the sight, signifying the profound impact of divine encounters.

  4. Daniel 10:11–14 The Messenger's Assurance

    The divine figure reassures Daniel, calling him beloved and explaining the reason for his appearance. He reveals the spiritual battle delaying the message, highlighting the opposition from the prince of Persia.

  5. Daniel 10:15–19 Strengthening and Understanding

    After expressing his fear and weakness, Daniel receives reassurance and strength from the messenger. This moment emphasizes God's support amid spiritual turmoil.

  6. Daniel 10:20–21 Ongoing Spiritual Conflict

    The messenger prepares to return to battle the prince of Persia, indicating ongoing spiritual warfare. This highlights the connection between divine revelation and earthly events, underscoring God's sovereignty.

Key verses

  • Daniel 10:12Daniel 10:12 encapsulates the chapter's message of God's attentive response to prayer amid spiritual conflict.

Main themes in Daniel 10

Spiritual warfare

Spiritual warfare is central in Daniel 10, especially when the messenger discusses his delay due to the prince of Persia (verse 13). This theme complicates the understanding of divine communication, as it reveals unseen struggles affecting God's messages. Ultimately, it shows that prayer is part of a larger battle between good and evil.

Perseverance in prayer

Perseverance in prayer is emphasized as Daniel fasts and mourns for three weeks, as noted in verse 2. The arrival of the messenger reveals that Daniel's prayers were heard from the first day, which serves to illustrate the necessity of steadfastness in prayer, even when immediate answers are not evident. This theme emphasizes the importance of maintaining faithfulness in seeking God, regardless of the apparent delays in receiving responses.

Divine revelation

Divine revelation occurs through the vision Daniel experiences, beginning with a heavenly figure appearing to him in verse 5. The chapter develops this theme by demonstrating that true understanding often arises amidst significant spiritual conflict and opposition, showcasing the difficulty of receiving such insights. This highlights that revelations may come with challenges and are frequently linked to larger cosmic struggles, drawing attention to the deeper realities of spiritual warfare.

Heavenly intervention

Heavenly intervention is illustrated when the messenger arrives to explain the vision and provide strength to Daniel, as seen in verse 18. This theme is further developed by depicting how divine beings actively engage in earthly matters, providing aid and reassurance to the faithful. Such intervention serves to remind readers of God's persistent involvement in their lives, especially during times of struggle and uncertainty.

Cross-references

Passages that echo Daniel 10

Study questions

Questions for studying Daniel 10

  1. What vision does Daniel receive while mourning by the river?
  2. How does the appearance of the heavenly figure affect Daniel?
  3. What does the messenger say about Daniel's prayers and their timing?
  4. Who is the 'prince of Persia' mentioned in the chapter?
  5. How does the messenger encourage Daniel after his fear?
  6. What does this chapter reveal about spiritual warfare?
  7. Why is Michael mentioned in relation to the messenger's mission?

Daniel 10: frequently asked questions

What is Daniel 10 about?+
Daniel chapter 10 presents a powerful vision experienced by the prophet Daniel during the third year of King Cyrus of Persia's reign. The chapter begins with Daniel mourning and fasting for three weeks when a heavenly being appears to him, described with awe-inspiring imagery, emphasizing the divine glory and power. Terrified, those with Daniel flee, leaving him alone, overwhelmed and drained at the sight. The heavenly being reassures Daniel, declaring that his prayers were heard from the first day of his fasting, but the messenger was delayed by opposition from the 'prince of Persia' until the archangel Michael aided him. The vision highlights the spiritual warfare affecting earthly events, revealing the cosmological struggle behind the scenes. This emphasizes the importance of perseverance in prayer and faithfulness despite delayed responses or spiritual challenges.
What is the key verse in Daniel 10?+
Daniel 10:12: "Then he said to me, “Don’t be afraid, Daniel; for from the first day that you set your heart to understand, and to humble yourself before your God, your words were heard. I have come for your words’ sake."
What are the main themes of Daniel 10?+
The main themes of Daniel 10 are Spiritual warfare, Perseverance in prayer, Divine revelation, Heavenly intervention.

Related chapters

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Study Notes