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ScriptureDepth's study of John 11

Jesus said to her, “I am the resurrection and the life. He who believes in me will still live, even if he dies.

John 11:25

Jesus speaks to Martha, declaring himself as 'the resurrection and the life', which settles her doubts and sets in motion Lazarus' miraculous resurrection.

What John 11 is about

Lazarus from Bethany is sick, prompting his sisters, Mary and Martha, to inform Jesus (vv. 1-3). Jesus states that Lazarus's illness will not lead to death, but instead will glorify God (vv. 4-7). He delays going to Judea, causing concern among his disciples about their safety (vv. 8-16). Upon arriving, Jesus finds that Lazarus has been in the tomb for four days. Martha meets him and expresses her faith that Lazarus will rise again (vv. 17-27). Mary later approaches Jesus, sharing her grief at her brother's death, leading Jesus to weep (vv. 28-36). At the tomb, Jesus commands that the stone be removed and performs the miracle of raising Lazarus from the dead (vv. 37-44). The event leads to many Jews believing in Jesus, while others report him to the Pharisees, leading to a council plotting his death (vv. 45-57).

Jesus proclaims, 'I am the resurrection and the life,' inviting belief in him for eternal life.

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John 11 at a glance

  1. John 11:1–7Lazarus Falls Sick
  2. John 11:8–16Jesus Delays His Arrival
  3. John 11:17–27Martha and Jesus Discuss Faith
  4. John 11:28–36Mary's Grief and Jesus' Response
  5. John 11:37–44Lazarus Raised from the Dead
  6. John 11:45–57Reactions and Consequences

Key verse: John 11:25

One thing to notice

Martha and Mary both express similar sentiments to Jesus regarding Lazarus' death, saying in vv. 21 and 32, 'Lord, if you would have been here, my brother wouldn’t have died.' Their identical phrasing shows their shared feelings of loss and their belief in Jesus' power, framing their grief in a personal appeal.

Summary and study helps: AI-drafted (September 2026), checked by automated Scripture gates. Spotted an error? Report it. Fixes are listed on the corrections page.

Chapter text

Read John 11 (WEB)

Lazarus Falls Sick John 11:1–7

Verse 1. Now a certain man was sick, Lazarus from Bethany, of the village of Mary and her sister, Martha. Verse 2. It was that Mary who had anointed the Lord with ointment, and wiped his feet with her hair, whose brother, Lazarus, was sick. Verse 3. The sisters therefore sent to him, saying, “Lord, behold, he for whom you have great affection is sick.” Verse 4. But when Jesus heard it, he said, “This sickness is not to death, but for the glory of God, that God’s Son may be glorified by it.” Verse 5. Now Jesus loved Martha, and her sister, and Lazarus. Verse 6. When therefore he heard that he was sick, he stayed two days in the place where he was.

Verse 7. Then after this he said to the disciples, “Let’s go into Judea again.”

Jesus Delays His Arrival John 11:8–16

Verse 8. The disciples told him, “Rabbi, the Jews were just trying to stone you, and are you going there again?” Verse 9. Jesus answered, “Aren’t there twelve hours of daylight? If a man walks in the day, he doesn’t stumble, because he sees the light of this world. Verse 10. But if a man walks in the night, he stumbles, because the light isn’t in him.” Verse 11. He said these things, and after that, he said to them, “Our friend, Lazarus, has fallen asleep, but I am going so that I may awake him out of sleep.” Verse 12. The disciples therefore said, “Lord, if he has fallen asleep, he will recover.”

Verse 13. Now Jesus had spoken of his death, but they thought that he spoke of taking rest in sleep. Verse 14. So Jesus said to them plainly then, “Lazarus is dead. Verse 15. I am glad for your sakes that I was not there, so that you may believe. Nevertheless, let’s go to him.” Verse 16. Thomas therefore, who is called Didymus, said to his fellow disciples, “Let’s go also, that we may die with him.”

Martha and Jesus Discuss Faith John 11:17–27

Verse 17. So when Jesus came, he found that he had been in the tomb four days already. Verse 18. Now Bethany was near Jerusalem, about fifteen stadia away. Verse 19. Many of the Jews had joined the women around Martha and Mary, to console them concerning their brother. Verse 20. Then when Martha heard that Jesus was coming, she went and met him, but Mary stayed in the house. Verse 21. Therefore Martha said to Jesus, “Lord, if you would have been here, my brother wouldn’t have died. Verse 22. Even now I know that, whatever you ask of God, God will give you.”

Verse 23. Jesus said to her, “Your brother will rise again.” Verse 24. Martha said to him, “I know that he will rise again in the resurrection at the last day.” Verse 25. Jesus said to her, “I am the resurrection and the life. He who believes in me will still live, even if he dies. Verse 26. Whoever lives and believes in me will never die. Do you believe this?” Verse 27. She said to him, “Yes, Lord. I have come to believe that you are the Christ, God’s Son, he who comes into the world.”

Mary's Grief and Jesus' Response John 11:28–36

Verse 28. When she had said this, she went away, and called Mary, her sister, secretly, saying, “The Teacher is here, and is calling you.” Verse 29. When she heard this, she arose quickly, and went to him. Verse 30. Now Jesus had not yet come into the village, but was in the place where Martha met him. Verse 31. Then the Jews who were with her in the house, and were consoling her, when they saw Mary, that she rose up quickly and went out, followed her, saying, “She is going to the tomb to weep there.” Verse 32. Therefore when Mary came to where Jesus was, and saw him, she fell down at his feet, saying to him, “Lord, if you would have been here, my brother wouldn’t have died.”

Verse 33. When Jesus therefore saw her weeping, and the Jews weeping who came with her, he groaned in the spirit, and was troubled, Verse 34. and said, “Where have you laid him?” They told him, “Lord, come and see.” Verse 35. Jesus wept. Verse 36. The Jews therefore said, “See how much affection he had for him!”

Lazarus Raised from the Dead John 11:37–44

Verse 37. Some of them said, “Couldn’t this man, who opened the eyes of him who was blind, have also kept this man from dying?”Verse 38. Jesus therefore, again groaning in himself, came to the tomb. Now it was a cave, and a stone lay against it.Verse 39. Jesus said,“Take away the stone.”Martha, the sister of him who was dead, said to him, “Lord, by this time there is a stench, for he has been dead four days.”Verse 40. Jesus said to her,“Didn’t I tell you that if you believed, you would see God’s glory?”Verse 41. So they took away the stone from the place where the dead man was lying. Jesus lifted up his eyes, and said,“Father, I thank you that you listened to me.Verse 42. I know that you always listen to me, but because of the multitude standing around I said this, that they may believe that you sent me.”Verse 43. When he had said this, he cried with a loud voice,“Lazarus, come out!”Verse 44. He who was dead came out, bound hand and foot with wrappings, and his face was wrapped around with a cloth.Jesus said to them,“Free him, and let him go.”

Reactions and Consequences John 11:45–57

Verse 45. Therefore many of the Jews, who came to Mary and saw what Jesus did, believed in him. Verse 46. But some of them went away to the Pharisees, and told them the things which Jesus had done. Verse 47. The chief priests therefore and the Pharisees gathered a council, and said, “What are we doing? For this man does many signs. Verse 48. If we leave him alone like this, everyone will believe in him, and the Romans will come and take away both our place and our nation.” Verse 49. But a certain one of them, Caiaphas, being high priest that year, said to them, “You know nothing at all,

Verse 50. nor do you consider that it is advantageous for us that one man should die for the people, and that the whole nation not perish.” Verse 51. Now he didn’t say this of himself, but being high priest that year, he prophesied that Jesus would die for the nation, Verse 52. and not for the nation only, but that he might also gather together into one the children of God who are scattered abroad. Verse 53. So from that day forward they took counsel that they might put him to death. Verse 54. Jesus therefore walked no more openly among the Jews, but departed from there into the country near the wilderness, to a city called Ephraim. He stayed there with his disciples.

Verse 55. Now the Passover of the Jews was at hand. Many went up from the country to Jerusalem before the Passover, to purify themselves. Verse 56. Then they sought for Jesus and spoke one with another, as they stood in the temple, “What do you think—that he isn’t coming to the feast at all?” Verse 57. Now the chief priests and the Pharisees had commanded that if anyone knew where he was, he should report it, that they might seize him.

World English Bible (public domain)

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Main themes in John 11

Faith in Jesus

During their conversation, Martha demonstrates her faith in Jesus when she states, 'Even now I know that, whatever you ask of God, God will give you' (v. 22). Jesus responds by affirming her belief in the resurrection, saying, 'I am the resurrection and the life' (v. 25). This interaction shows how faith is central to understanding Jesus' identity and mission, and it invites others to believe in him as well.

The Power of Resurrection

The concept of resurrection is pivotal in this chapter, particularly when Jesus declares, 'Your brother will rise again' (v. 23). Martha acknowledges the future resurrection 'at the last day' (v. 24), but Jesus reveals a more immediate reality by asserting, 'I am the resurrection and the life' (v. 25). The chapter culminates in the dramatic raising of Lazarus, showcasing Jesus' authority over death (v. 43-44).

Compassion in Grief

Jesus interacts with Martha and Mary during their mourning, displaying deep compassion for their loss. When Mary approaches him and expresses, 'Lord, if you would have been here, my brother wouldn’t have died' (v. 32), Jesus is deeply moved, leading him to weep (v. 35). This illustrates his empathy and connection to human grief, showing his willingness to share in their sorrow as he prepares to confront death.

Eternal Life

In his conversation with Martha, Jesus asserts, 'He who believes in me will still live, even if he dies' (v. 25), connecting belief in him to the promise of eternal life. He further states, 'Whoever lives and believes in me will never die' (v. 26), reinforcing the transformative nature of faith. The raising of Lazarus serves as a testament to this promise, demonstrating the power of belief in Jesus.

Chapter outline

How John 11 unfolds

  1. John 11:1–7 Lazarus Falls Sick

    Lazarus is sick, prompting his sisters, Mary and Martha, to send a message to Jesus saying, 'Lord, behold, he for whom you have great affection is sick' (vv. 2-3). Jesus replies that Lazarus' sickness is for God's glory (v. 4).

  2. John 11:8–16 Jesus Delays His Arrival

    The disciples express concern about returning to Judea, saying, 'Rabbi, the Jews were just trying to stone you' (v. 8). Jesus explains that Lazarus is dead, stating, 'I am glad for your sakes that I was not there' (v. 15).

  3. John 11:17–27 Martha and Jesus Discuss Faith

    Martha meets Jesus and expresses her belief that if he had been there, Lazarus would not have died (vv. 21-22). Their conversation deepens with Jesus affirming that Lazarus will rise again and revealing his identity as 'the resurrection and the life' (vv. 23-25).

  4. John 11:28–36 Mary's Grief and Jesus' Response

    Mary falls at Jesus' feet saying, 'Lord, if you would have been here, my brother wouldn’t have died' (v. 32). Jesus, seeing her weeping, groans in the spirit and weeps himself, prompting the Jews to remark on his affection for Lazarus (vv. 33-35).

  5. John 11:37–44 Lazarus Raised from the Dead

    At the tomb, Jesus commands the stone to be removed despite Martha's concern about the odor (vv. 39). He then calls Lazarus to come out, resulting in Lazarus being raised from the dead (vv. 43-44).

  6. John 11:45–57 Reactions and Consequences

    The reactions to Lazarus' resurrection vary; many believe in Jesus, while others report the event to the Pharisees (vv. 45-46). This leads to a council to plot Jesus' death, with Caiaphas prophesying the necessity of one man's death for the nation (vv. 47-51).

Key verses

  • John 11:25Jesus speaks to Martha, declaring himself as 'the resurrection and the life', which settles her doubts and sets in motion Lazarus' miraculous resurrection.

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Study questions

Questions for studying John 11

Uses your daily Ask questions.

  1. observeIn v4, what does Jesus mean when he says Lazarus' sickness is for 'the glory of God'?
  2. observeIn v35, what does the phrase 'Jesus wept' indicate about His feelings?
  3. interpretMartha's response in v24 about the 'resurrection at the last day': what does this suggest about her understanding of Jesus' identity?
  4. interpretCaiaphas' statement in vv. 49-50 about one man dying: how does this foreshadow the events to come?
  5. applyWhen has someone in your life expressed faith like Martha does in v27 about Jesus being the 'Christ'?

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John 11: frequently asked questions

What is John 11 about?+
Lazarus from Bethany is sick, prompting his sisters, Mary and Martha, to inform Jesus (vv. 1-3).
What is the key verse in John 11?+
John 11:25: “Jesus said to her, “I am the resurrection and the life. He who believes in me will still live, even if he dies.”
What are the main themes of John 11?+
The main themes of John 11 are Faith in Jesus, The Power of Resurrection, Compassion in Grief, Eternal Life.

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