Joshua 5
Read Joshua 5 (WEB)+
1When all the kings of the Amorites, who were beyond the Jordan westward, and all the kings of the Canaanites, who were by the sea, heard how Yahweh had dried up the waters of the Jordan from before the children of Israel, until we had crossed over, their heart melted, and there was no more spirit in them, because of the children of Israel. 2At that time, Yahweh said to Joshua, “Make flint knives, and circumcise again the sons of Israel the second time.” 3Joshua made himself flint knives, and circumcised the sons of Israel at the hill of the foreskins. 4This is the reason Joshua circumcised them: all the people who came out of Egypt, who were males, even all the men of war, died in the wilderness along the way, after they came out of Egypt. 5For all the people who came out were circumcised; but all the people who were born in the wilderness along the way as they came out of Egypt had not been circumcised. 6For the children of Israel walked forty years in the wilderness, until all the nation, even the men of war who came out of Egypt, were consumed, because they didn’t listen to Yahweh’s voice. Yahweh swore to them that he wouldn’t let them see the land which Yahweh swore to their fathers that he would give us, a land flowing with milk and honey. 7Their children, whom he raised up in their place, were circumcised by Joshua; for they were uncircumcised, because they had not circumcised them on the way. 8When they were done circumcising the whole nation, they stayed in their places in the camp until they were healed. 9Yahweh said to Joshua, “Today I have rolled away the reproach of Egypt from you.” Therefore the name of that place was called Gilgal, to this day. 10The children of Israel encamped in Gilgal. They kept the Passover on the fourteenth day of the month at evening in the plains of Jericho. 11They ate unleavened cakes and parched grain of the produce of the land on the next day after the Passover, in the same day. 12The manna ceased on the next day, after they had eaten of the produce of the land. The children of Israel didn’t have manna any more; but they ate of the fruit of the land of Canaan that year. 13When Joshua was by Jericho, he lifted up his eyes and looked, and behold, a man stood in front of him with his sword drawn in his hand. Joshua went to him and said to him, “Are you for us, or for our enemies?” 14He said, “No; but I have come now as commander of Yahweh’s army.” Joshua fell on his face to the earth, and worshiped, and asked him, “What does my lord say to his servant?” 15The prince of Yahweh’s army said to Joshua, “Take off your shoes; for the place on which you stand is holy.” Joshua did so.
World English Bible (public domain)
““And the Commander of the Lord’s army said to Joshua, 'Take off your sandals from your feet, for the place where you are standing is holy.' And Joshua did so.””
Joshua 5:15
Summary
In Joshua chapter 5, the Israelites have crossed the Jordan River into the Promised Land. As they arrive, they are reminded of the significance of their new beginning. God commands Joshua to circumcise the male Israelites, a sign of God's covenant and a renewal of their identity as His chosen people. This act signifies a fresh start for the next generation who were born during their years in the wilderness and had not been circumcised. After this act, they celebrate the Passover, a reminder of God's deliverance from Egypt and His faithfulness. The chapter concludes with Joshua encountering a divine warrior, who reveals Himself as the commander of the Lord's army, emphasizing God's presence and authority as they prepare for their conquest of the land. This chapter illustrates themes of covenant, obedience, and the importance of remembrance through the Passover, as well as the readiness to follow God's guidance into new challenges.
Go deeper
Ask the AI about Joshua 5
Bring your question about the chapter, the key verse, or how this passage fits the rest of Scripture.
Daily Scripture study
Get a short devotional by email
One passage, one reflection, and one practical question for the day.
Studying Joshua with a print Bible beside you? See our picks for the best study Bibles for women.
Chapter outline
How Joshua 5 unfolds
Joshua 5:1 Fear of the Canaanite Kings
The kings of the Amorites and Canaanites hear of Israel's crossing of the Jordan, causing their hearts to melt with fear.
Joshua 5:2–3 Command to Circumcise the Israelites
Yahweh instructs Joshua to circumcise the Israelites again, marking a new beginning for the next generation.
Joshua 5:4–7 Reason for Circumcision
Joshua circumcises the Israelite males born during the wilderness journey, as their ancestors had passed away without this sign.
Joshua 5:8–9 Healing and Reproach Removed
After the circumcision, the Israelites remain in camp until healed, and Yahweh declares that He has rolled away their reproach from Egypt.
Joshua 5:10–12 Celebration of the Passover
The Israelites celebrate the Passover at Gilgal, marking their remembrance of God's deliverance and the end of manna provision.
Joshua 5:13–15 Encounter with the Divine Commander
Joshua meets a divine figure who identifies as the commander of Yahweh's army, emphasizing the holiness of the moment.
Key verses
Joshua 5:15The key verse highlights the significance of God's holiness and the necessity for reverence as Israel prepares for conquest.
Main themes in Joshua 5
covenant renewal
Covenant renewal is evident when Yahweh commands circumcision for the Israelite males in verse 2. This act symbolizes a recommitment to the covenant made with Abraham and reinforces their identity as God’s chosen people. The chapter highlights the importance of renewing their covenant relationship with God as they enter the Promised Land.
obedience to God
The theme of obedience to God is evident when Joshua obeys Yahweh's command to circumcise the new generation in verses 2-3. This act of circumcision is not merely a ritual but a physical manifestation of Israel's commitment to following God's directives as they prepare for the conquest of Canaan. Their willingness to obey is crucial for entering and possessing the Promised Land, highlighting their reliance on divine guidance in their journey.
remembrance of God's faithfulness
In verse 10, the Israelites commemorate the Passover, which serves as a key moment of remembrance of God's faithfulness in delivering them from Egypt. This celebration reinforces their collective identity and memory of God's past provision, reminding them of His continual support throughout their history. Such remembrance is vital as it strengthens their trust in God, equipping them to face the uncertainties and challenges that lie ahead in Canaan.
the holiness of God's presence
The holiness of God's presence is highlighted when the divine commander instructs Joshua to remove his sandals in verse 15. This moment underscores the sacredness of the ground, indicating that God's presence is both protective and commanding. It emphasizes the need for reverence as Israel stands on the brink of fulfilling God's promises.
Cross-references
Passages that echo Joshua 5
- Exodus 3This passage echoes God's call to Moses, highlighting the holy ground and the importance of God's presence.
- Genesis 17This connects through the covenant of circumcision given to Abraham, reinforcing Israel's covenant identity.
- Exodus 23This develops the theme of God's guidance as Israel prepares to conquer the Promised Land.
- Numbers 14This connects by recalling Israel's previous disobedience and the consequences that led to this new generation.
- Exodus 16This echoes the provision of manna, which ceases after the Israelites eat the produce of Canaan.
- Deuteronomy 2This develops the narrative of Israel's journey, emphasizing their transition from wilderness to the Promised Land.
Study questions
Questions for studying Joshua 5
- What did the Canaanite kings feel upon hearing about Israel's crossing of the Jordan?
- Why did Yahweh command Joshua to circumcise the Israelites?
- How does the act of circumcision relate to Israel's identity as God's people?
- What was significant about the timing of the Passover celebration?
- What does Joshua's encounter with the divine commander reveal about God's presence?
- How does the removal of reproach affect the Israelites moving forward?
- What does the cessation of manna signify in this chapter?
Joshua 5: frequently asked questions
What is Joshua 5 about?+
What is the key verse in Joshua 5?+
What are the main themes of Joshua 5?+
Related chapters