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2 Samuel 13

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1After this, Absalom the son of David had a beautiful sister, whose name was Tamar; and Amnon the son of David loved her. 2Amnon was so troubled that he became sick because of his sister Tamar; for she was a virgin; and it seemed hard to Amnon to do anything to her. 3But Amnon had a friend, whose name was Jonadab, the son of Shimeah, David’s brother; and Jonadab was a very subtle man. 4He said to him, “Why, son of the king, are you so sad from day to day? Won’t you tell me?” Amnon said to him, “I love Tamar, my brother Absalom’s sister.” 5Jonadab said to him, “Lay down on your bed, and pretend to be sick. When your father comes to see you, tell him, ‘Please let my sister Tamar come and give me bread to eat, and prepare the food in my sight, that I may see it, and eat it from her hand.’” 6So Amnon lay down and faked being sick. When the king came to see him, Amnon said to the king, “Please let my sister Tamar come, and make me a couple of cakes in my sight, that I may eat from her hand.” 7Then David sent home to Tamar, saying, “Go now to your brother Amnon’s house, and prepare food for him.” 8So Tamar went to her brother Amnon’s house; and he was lying down. She took dough, and kneaded it, made cakes in his sight, and baked the cakes. 9She took the pan, and poured them out before him; but he refused to eat. Amnon said, “Have all men leave me.” Then every man went out from him. 10Amnon said to Tamar, “Bring the food into the room, that I may eat from your hand.” Tamar took the cakes which she had made, and brought them into the room to Amnon her brother. 11When she had brought them near to him to eat, he took hold of her, and said to her, “Come, lie with me, my sister!” 12She answered him, “No, my brother, do not force me! For no such thing ought to be done in Israel. Don’t you do this folly. 13As for me, where would I carry my shame? And as for you, you will be as one of the fools in Israel. Now therefore, please speak to the king; for he will not withhold me from you.” 14However he would not listen to her voice; but being stronger than she, he forced her, and lay with her. 15Then Amnon hated her with exceedingly great hatred; for the hatred with which he hated her was greater than the love with which he had loved her. Amnon said to her, “Arise, be gone!” 16She said to him, “Not so, because this great wrong in sending me away is worse than the other that you did to me!” But he would not listen to her. 17Then he called his servant who ministered to him, and said, “Now put this woman out from me, and bolt the door after her.” 18She had a garment of various colors on her; for the king’s daughters who were virgins dressed in such robes. Then his servant brought her out and bolted the door after her. 19Tamar put ashes on her head, and tore her garment of various colors that was on her; and she laid her hand on her head, and went her way, crying aloud as she went. 20Absalom her brother said to her, “Has Amnon your brother been with you? But now hold your peace, my sister. He is your brother. Don’t take this thing to heart.” So Tamar remained desolate in her brother Absalom’s house. 21But when king David heard of all these things, he was very angry. 22Absalom spoke to Amnon neither good nor bad; for Absalom hated Amnon, because he had forced his sister Tamar. 23After two full years, Absalom had sheep shearers in Baal Hazor, which is beside Ephraim: and Absalom invited all the king’s sons. 24Absalom came to the king, and said, “See now, your servant has sheep shearers. Please let the king and his servants go with your servant.” 25The king said to Absalom, “No, my son, let us not all go, lest we be burdensome to you.” He pressed him; however he would not go, but blessed him. 26Then Absalom said, “If not, please let my brother Amnon go with us.” The king said to him, “Why should he go with you?” 27But Absalom pressed him, and he let Amnon and all the king’s sons go with him. 28Absalom commanded his servants, saying, “Mark now, when Amnon’s heart is merry with wine; and when I tell you, ‘Strike Amnon,’ then kill him. Don’t be afraid. Haven’t I commanded you? Be courageous, and be valiant!” 29The servants of Absalom did to Amnon as Absalom had commanded. Then all the king’s sons arose, and every man got up on his mule, and fled. 30While they were on the way, the news came to David, saying, “Absalom has slain all the king’s sons, and there is not one of them left!” 31Then the king arose, and tore his garments, and lay on the earth; and all his servants stood by with their clothes torn. 32Jonadab, the son of Shimeah, David’s brother, answered, “Don’t let my lord suppose that they have killed all the young men the king’s sons; for Amnon only is dead; for by the appointment of Absalom this has been determined from the day that he forced his sister Tamar. 33Now therefore don’t let my lord the king take the thing to his heart, to think that all the king’s sons are dead; for only Amnon is dead.” 34But Absalom fled. The young man who kept the watch lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold, many people were coming by way of the hillside behind him. 35Jonadab said to the king, “Behold, the king’s sons are coming! It is as your servant said.” 36As soon as he had finished speaking, behold, the king’s sons came, and lifted up their voice, and wept. The king also and all his servants wept bitterly. 37But Absalom fled, and went to Talmai the son of Ammihur, king of Geshur. David mourned for his son every day. 38So Absalom fled, and went to Geshur, and was there three years. 39King David longed to go out to Absalom; for he was comforted concerning Amnon, since he was dead.

World English Bible (public domain)

But Amnon would not listen to her, and being stronger than she, he violated her and lay with her.

2 Samuel 13:14

Summary

2 Samuel chapter 13 narrates the tragic story of Amnon, the son of King David, and his illicit desire for his half-sister Tamar. Amnon's obsession leads to a calculated act of deceit, where he feigns illness to lure Tamar into a vulnerable position. The story takes a dark turn when Amnon assaults Tamar, which sets off a chain of sorrowful events. After the incident, Tamar's life is irrevocably altered, and she is left desolate, while Amnon's actions expose deeper familial dysfunction within David's household. The chapter highlights themes of lust, betrayal, and the severe consequences of sin within a family context. Absalom, Tamar's brother, reacts with fury upon learning of the assault. He chooses to bide his time before seeking revenge, which ultimately culminates in Amnon's murder. This act not only brings about the death of Amnon but also leads to Absalom's estrangement from David. The chapter profoundly illustrates the cascading effects of sin and retribution, leading to further division and heartache in David's family. Theologically, this chapter underscores the gravity of sin and its capacity to destroy relationships, serving as a cautionary tale about unchecked desires and the importance of moral integrity. As David learns of Amnon's death, the narrative reflects on the pain and disruption within leadership due to personal failings. It serves as a reminder of the broader implications of sin that extend beyond individual acts, affecting entire families and communities. The story invites readers to consider themes of justice, mercy, and the hope for reconciliation despite profound brokenness.

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Chapter outline

How 2 Samuel 13 unfolds

  1. 2 Samuel 13:1–6 Amnon's Obsession with Tamar

    Amnon, David's son, becomes infatuated with his half-sister Tamar, expressing his feelings to Jonadab, who devises a deceitful plan.

  2. 2 Samuel 13:7–14 Amnon's Assault on Tamar

    Amnon feigns illness to lure Tamar into his quarters, where he overpowers her despite her protests against the act.

  3. 2 Samuel 13:15–20 Tamar's Despair

    After the assault, Amnon's love turns to hatred, and he casts Tamar away, leaving her in a state of deep sorrow.

  4. 2 Samuel 13:21–29 Absalom's Revenge

    Absalom learns of Tamar's plight and, after two years, plots to kill Amnon during a sheep-shearing feast.

  5. 2 Samuel 13:30–38 David's Mourning

    News of Amnon's death reaches David, who mourns deeply, believing all his sons are killed, until Jonadab clarifies.

  6. 2 Samuel 13:39 Absalom's Exile

    With Amnon dead, Absalom flees to Geshur, leaving David to grieve and reflect on the family turmoil.

Key verses

  • 2 Samuel 13:14This key verse encapsulates the tragic turning point of the chapter, emphasizing the severity of Amnon's violation and its consequences.

Main themes in 2 Samuel 13

lust and desire

Lust and desire prominently surface with Amnon's infatuation for Tamar, as seen in verses 1-2. This desire leads to devastating actions, illustrating how unchecked passion can result in violence and betrayal. The chapter illustrates the destructive power of lust within a familial context, highlighting the tragic consequences it can produce.

betrayal and justice

The betrayal is evident in Amnon's violation of Tamar, who pleads for justice in verses 12-13. Absalom's decision to kill Amnon represents a misguided attempt at justice, complicating the theme of retribution. This betrayal also underscores the moral failures within David's household, pointing to a cycle of vengeance and unresolved conflict.

the consequences of sin

The consequences of sin manifest through Tamar's devastation and Absalom's vengeful actions, particularly in verses 14 and 29. The chapter illustrates how Amnon's sin triggers a chain reaction of sorrow and violence, affecting the entire family. This highlights the far-reaching impact of sin, reminding readers of its potential to destroy lives and relationships.

family dysfunction

Family dysfunction is illustrated through the interactions between Amnon, Tamar, and Absalom, with their relationships deeply marred by betrayal and violence. The chapter reveals how David's inability to address the situation leads to further chaos and division within the family. This dysfunction reflects broader themes of moral failure and the breakdown of familial trust.

Cross-references

Passages that echo 2 Samuel 13

Study questions

Questions for studying 2 Samuel 13

  1. What plan does Jonadab suggest to Amnon in verses 3-5?
  2. How does Tamar respond to Amnon's advances in verses 12-13?
  3. What is Absalom's reaction to Tamar's situation in verse 20?
  4. How does David respond to the news of Amnon's death in verses 31-33?
  5. What does the chapter reveal about the dynamics of David's family?
  6. How does the theme of revenge manifest through Absalom's actions in this chapter?
  7. What is the significance of Tamar's garment in verse 18?

2 Samuel 13: frequently asked questions

What is 2 Samuel 13 about?+
2 Samuel chapter 13 narrates the tragic story of Amnon, the son of King David, and his illicit desire for his half-sister Tamar. Amnon's obsession leads to a calculated act of deceit, where he feigns illness to lure Tamar into a vulnerable position. The story takes a dark turn when Amnon assaults Tamar, which sets off a chain of sorrowful events. After the incident, Tamar's life is irrevocably altered, and she is left desolate, while Amnon's actions expose deeper familial dysfunction within David's household. The chapter highlights themes of lust, betrayal, and the severe consequences of sin within a family context. Absalom, Tamar's brother, reacts with fury upon learning of the assault. He chooses to bide his time before seeking revenge, which ultimately culminates in Amnon's murder. This act not only brings about the death of Amnon but also leads to Absalom's estrangement from David. The chapter profoundly illustrates the cascading effects of sin and retribution, leading to further division and heartache in David's family. Theologically, this chapter underscores the gravity of sin and its capacity to destroy relationships, serving as a cautionary tale about unchecked desires and the importance of moral integrity. As David learns of Amnon's death, the narrative reflects on the pain and disruption within leadership due to personal failings. It serves as a reminder of the broader implications of sin that extend beyond individual acts, affecting entire families and communities. The story invites readers to consider themes of justice, mercy, and the hope for reconciliation despite profound brokenness.
What is the key verse in 2 Samuel 13?+
2 Samuel 13:14: "However he would not listen to her voice; but being stronger than she, he forced her, and lay with her."
What are the main themes of 2 Samuel 13?+
The main themes of 2 Samuel 13 are lust and desire, betrayal and justice, the consequences of sin, family dysfunction.

Related chapters

Chapters that connect with 2 Samuel 13

Study Notes