ScriptureDepth's study of Luke 4
“Jesus answered him, “Get behind me Satan! For it is written, ‘You shall worship the Lord your God, and you shall serve him only.’”
Luke 4:8
Jesus speaks these words to the devil during his temptation, settling the matter of exclusive worship and setting in motion his commitment to serve God only.
What Luke 4 is about
Jesus, full of the Holy Spirit, returns from the Jordan and is led into the wilderness, where he is tempted by the devil for forty days (vv. 1-2). The devil tests Jesus, first asking him to turn stone into bread (v. 3). Jesus responds with scripture, emphasizing reliance on God (v. 4). The devil shows Jesus all the kingdoms and offers authority in exchange for worship (vv. 5-7). Jesus again responds with scripture, declaring worship due only to God (v. 8). The devil tempts Jesus to throw himself from the temple, citing scripture, but Jesus rebukes him (vv. 9-12). After the temptations, the devil departs (v. 13). Jesus begins his ministry in Galilee, teaching with authority; he reads from Isaiah, proclaiming good news (vv. 14-22). Upon rejection in Nazareth, he continues to Capernaum, performs exorcisms, heals Simon's mother-in-law, and preaches the Kingdom of God (vv. 23-44).
Jesus must preach the good news of God’s Kingdom to the other cities also.
Luke 4 at a glance
- Luke 4:1–2Jesus Tempted in the Wilderness
- Luke 4:3–13Responses to Temptation
- Luke 4:14–15Jesus Begins His Ministry
- Luke 4:16–22Reading from Isaiah
- Luke 4:23–30Rejection at Nazareth
- Luke 4:31–37Teaching and Authority in Capernaum
- Luke 4:38–44Miracles and Preaching
Key verse: Luke 4:8
One thing to notice
In verses 23-27, Jesus mentions the prophets Elijah and Elisha. He states that Elijah was sent to 'none of them' in Israel during a famine but went to a widow in Sidon. Elisha healed Naaman, a Syrian, rather than any lepers in Israel.
Summary and study helps: AI-drafted (September 2026), checked by automated Scripture gates. Spotted an error? Report it. Fixes are listed on the corrections page.
Chapter text
Read Luke 4 (WEB)
Jesus Tempted in the Wilderness Luke 4:1–2
1Verse 1. Jesus, full of the Holy Spirit, returned from the Jordan, and was led by the Spirit into the wilderness 2Verse 2. for forty days, being tempted by the devil. He ate nothing in those days. Afterward, when they were completed, he was hungry.
Responses to Temptation Luke 4:3–13
3Verse 3. The devil said to him, “If you are the Son of God, command this stone to become bread.” 4Verse 4. Jesus answered him, saying, “It is written, ‘Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word of God.’” 5Verse 5. The devil, leading him up on a high mountain, showed him all the kingdoms of the world in a moment of time. 6Verse 6. The devil said to him, “I will give you all this authority, and their glory, for it has been delivered to me; and I give it to whomever I want. 7Verse 7. If you therefore will worship before me, it will all be yours.”
8Verse 8. Jesus answered him, “Get behind me Satan! For it is written, ‘You shall worship the Lord your God, and you shall serve him only.’” 9Verse 9. He led him to Jerusalem, and set him on the pinnacle of the temple, and said to him, “If you are the Son of God, cast yourself down from here, 10Verse 10. for it is written, ‘He will put his angels in charge of you, to guard you;’ 11Verse 11. and, ‘On their hands they will bear you up, lest perhaps you dash your foot against a stone.’” 12Verse 12. Jesus answering, said to him, “It has been said, ‘You shall not tempt the Lord your God.’”
13Verse 13. When the devil had completed every temptation, he departed from him until another time.
Jesus Begins His Ministry Luke 4:14–15
14Verse 14. Jesus returned in the power of the Spirit into Galilee, and news about him spread through all the surrounding area. 15Verse 15. He taught in their synagogues, being glorified by all.
Reading from Isaiah Luke 4:16–22
16Verse 16. He came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up. He entered, as was his custom, into the synagogue on the Sabbath day, and stood up to read. 17Verse 17. The book of the prophet Isaiah was handed to him. He opened the book, and found the place where it was written, 18Verse 18. “The Spirit of the Lord is on me, because he has anointed me to preach good news to the poor. He has sent me to heal the broken hearted, to proclaim release to the captives, recovering of sight to the blind, to deliver those who are crushed, 19Verse 19. and to proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord.”
20Verse 20. He closed the book, gave it back to the attendant, and sat down. The eyes of all in the synagogue were fastened on him. 21Verse 21. He began to tell them, “Today, this Scripture has been fulfilled in your hearing.” 22Verse 22. All testified about him, and wondered at the gracious words which proceeded out of his mouth, and they said, “Isn’t this Joseph’s son?”
Rejection at Nazareth Luke 4:23–30
23Verse 23. He said to them, “Doubtless you will tell me this parable, ‘Physician, heal yourself! Whatever we have heard done at Capernaum, do also here in your hometown.’” 24Verse 24. He said, “Most certainly I tell you, no prophet is acceptable in his hometown. 25Verse 25. But truly I tell you, there were many widows in Israel in the days of Elijah, when the sky was shut up three years and six months, when a great famine came over all the land. 26Verse 26. Elijah was sent to none of them, except to Zarephath, in the land of Sidon, to a woman who was a widow. 27Verse 27. There were many lepers in Israel in the time of Elisha the prophet, yet not one of them was cleansed, except Naaman, the Syrian.”
28Verse 28. They were all filled with wrath in the synagogue, as they heard these things. 29Verse 29. They rose up, threw him out of the city, and led him to the brow of the hill that their city was built on, that they might throw him off the cliff. 30Verse 30. But he, passing through the middle of them, went his way.
Teaching and Authority in Capernaum Luke 4:31–37
31Verse 31. He came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee. He was teaching them on the Sabbath day, 32Verse 32. and they were astonished at his teaching, for his word was with authority. 33Verse 33. In the synagogue there was a man who had a spirit of an unclean demon, and he cried out with a loud voice, 34Verse 34. saying, “Ah! what have we to do with you, Jesus of Nazareth? Have you come to destroy us? I know you who you are: the Holy One of God!” 35Verse 35. Jesus rebuked him, saying, “Be silent, and come out of him!” When the demon had thrown him down in the middle of them, he came out of him, having done him no harm.
36Verse 36. Amazement came on all, and they spoke together, one with another, saying, “What is this word? For with authority and power he commands the unclean spirits, and they come out!” 37Verse 37. News about him went out into every place of the surrounding region.
Miracles and Preaching Luke 4:38–44
38Verse 38. He rose up from the synagogue, and entered into Simon’s house. Simon’s mother-in-law was afflicted with a great fever, and they begged him for her. 39Verse 39. He stood over her, and rebuked the fever; and it left her. Immediately she rose up and served them. 40Verse 40. When the sun was setting, all those who had any sick with various diseases brought them to him; and he laid his hands on every one of them, and healed them. 41Verse 41. Demons also came out of many, crying out, and saying, “You are the Christ, the Son of God!” Rebuking them, he didn’t allow them to speak, because they knew that he was the Christ.
42Verse 42. When it was day, he departed and went into an uninhabited place, and the multitudes looked for him, and came to him, and held on to him, so that he wouldn’t go away from them. 43Verse 43. But he said to them, “I must preach the good news of God’s Kingdom to the other cities also. For this reason I have been sent.” 44Verse 44. He was preaching in the synagogues of Galilee.
World English Bible (public domain)
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Main themes in Luke 4
Temptation and Spiritual Warfare
In this chapter, Jesus is led by the Spirit into the wilderness where he is tempted by the devil for forty days (vv. 1-2). The devil challenges Jesus’ identity as the 'Son of God' (v. 3) and attempts to entice him into disobedience. Jesus responds to each temptation with Scripture, asserting his reliance on God's word and authority, demonstrating the nature of spiritual warfare through his resistance to temptation (vv. 4, 8, 12).
Fulfillment of Prophecy
Jesus reads from the scroll of Isaiah in the synagogue of Nazareth, proclaiming, 'The Spirit of the Lord is on me' (v. 18). He asserts that this Scripture is fulfilled in their hearing (v. 21), positioning himself as the anointed one sent to bring good news. This declaration sets the stage for his ministry, which is grounded in the prophetic tradition and reveals his mission to the people of Israel and beyond.
Authority of Jesus
Jesus teaches in the synagogues of Galilee, and the people are astonished at his teaching because 'his word was with authority' (v. 32). He demonstrates authority not only in teaching but also in his ability to command unclean spirits (v. 35), resulting in amazement among the people (v. 36). This authority is a central theme as it establishes Jesus' identity and mission throughout his ministry.
Universal Scope of the Gospel
In Luke 4, Jesus emphasizes the need to preach the good news of God's Kingdom to other cities as well, saying, 'For this reason I have been sent' (v. 43). His ministry begins in Galilee but is clearly intended to reach beyond his immediate community. This universal aspect is seen as he mentions Elijah and Elisha's missions to Gentiles, which provokes anger among his own people (vv. 25-27), foreshadowing the broader implications of his ministry.
Chapter outline
How Luke 4 unfolds
Luke 4:1–2 Jesus Tempted in the Wilderness
Jesus, filled with the Holy Spirit, goes into the wilderness where he is tempted for forty days without food, experiencing hunger (vv. 1-2).
Luke 4:3–13 Responses to Temptation
The devil tempts Jesus three times, urging him to turn stones into bread, gain authority over kingdoms, and test God's protection. Jesus counters each temptation with Scripture, affirming his loyalty to God (vv. 3-13).
Luke 4:14–15 Jesus Begins His Ministry
Jesus returns to Galilee empowered by the Spirit, and his teaching in synagogues garners admiration and attention from the surrounding area (vv. 14-15).
Luke 4:16–22 Reading from Isaiah
Jesus reads from Isaiah in the synagogue, announcing his mission of healing and good news, declaring that this prophecy is fulfilled in their presence (vv. 16-22).
Luke 4:23–30 Rejection at Nazareth
Rejection follows as Jesus acknowledges that a prophet is not accepted in his hometown, provoking anger from the people in the synagogue (vv. 23-30).
Luke 4:31–37 Teaching and Authority in Capernaum
In Capernaum, Jesus teaches with authority, casting out an unclean spirit from a man, which astonishes those present at the synagogue (vv. 31-37).
Luke 4:38–44 Miracles and Preaching
Jesus heals Simon's mother-in-law and many others in the evening, but when sought after by the crowds, he insists on preaching elsewhere, stating his mission (vv. 38-44).
Key verses
Luke 4:8Jesus speaks these words to the devil during his temptation, settling the matter of exclusive worship and setting in motion his commitment to serve God only.
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Study questions
Questions for studying Luke 4
- observeIn v3, what does the devil ask Jesus to do with the stone?
- observeIn v18, what does Jesus say he has been anointed to do?
- interpretJesus' statement in v24 about no prophet being accepted in his hometown: what does this suggest about his message?
- interpretThe crowd's reaction in v28 to Jesus' words: why do they become filled with wrath?
- applyWhen has a situation made you feel unappreciated like Jesus in Nazareth (v22)?
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Cross-references
Passages that echo Luke 4
- Isaiah 61Luke 4:18 and Isaiah 61:1Both preach good news: Luke 4:18 says, "to preach good news to the poor," while Isaiah 61:1 says, "to preach good news to the humble."
- Matthew 4Luke 4:4 and Matthew 4:4Both emphasize living by God's word: Luke 4:4 says, "Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word of God," while Matthew 4:4 parallels this closely.
- Mark 1Luke 4:1 and Mark 1:12Both describe Jesus' wilderness experience: Luke 4:1 says, "was led by the Spirit into the wilderness," while Mark 1:12 says, "the Spirit drove him out into the wilderness."
- 1 Samuel 7Luke 4:8 and 1 Samuel 7:3Both insist on worshiping God alone: Luke 4:8 says, "you shall worship the Lord your God," while 1 Samuel 7:3 states, "serve him only; and he will deliver you."
- Acts 10Luke 4:18 and Acts 10:38Both highlight Jesus' anointing for good: Luke 4:18 mentions, "the Spirit of the Lord is on me," while Acts 10:38 states, "God anointed him with the Holy Spirit and with power."
- Matthew 11Luke 4:18 and Matthew 11:5Both proclaim good news to the poor: Luke 4:18 says, "the poor have good news preached to them," while Matthew 11:5 affirms, "and the poor have good news preached to them."
Related chapters
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Where to go from here
- Luke: the whole bookLuke alone tells us his method.
- 30-Day Gospel Journey, day 17Day 17 of 30: Good News for the Poor.
- SalvationWhat the Bible says about salvation, with verses.
- Common Bible questionsThe questions people bring to Bible study, each answered from the text.
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