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ScriptureDepth's study of Matthew 15

But the things which proceed out of the mouth come out of the heart, and they defile the man.

Matthew 15:18

Jesus speaks this to the multitude, clarifying that what defiles a person is not outward actions but the evil that comes from the heart.

What Matthew 15 is about

Pharisees and scribes come from Jerusalem to challenge Jesus about handwashing traditions (vv. 1-2). Jesus responds by pointing out their disobedience to God’s commands compared to their traditions (vv. 3-6). He quotes Isaiah to describe their worship as empty, saying their hearts are far from God (vv. 7-9). Jesus tells the crowd that what enters the mouth does not defile a person, but what comes from the heart does (vv. 10-11). When his disciples note that the Pharisees are offended (vv. 12-13), Jesus calls them blind guides (vv. 13-14). He explains that evil things come from the heart (vv. 17-20). A Canaanite woman approaches Jesus for help (vv. 21-22). Though he initially seems to reject her, she shows great faith, and he heals her daughter (vv. 23-28). Jesus heals many people who are brought to him (vv. 29-31), then feeds four thousand men with seven loaves and a few fish (vv. 32-39).

Jesus states that it is not what goes into the mouth that defiles a person, but what comes out of the heart.

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Matthew 15 at a glance

  1. Matthew 15:1–9Challenge of Tradition
  2. Matthew 15:10–20Inward vs. Outward Purity
  3. Matthew 15:21–28Faith of the Canaanite Woman
  4. Matthew 15:29–31Healing the Multitude
  5. Matthew 15:32–39Feeding the Four Thousand

Key verse: Matthew 15:18

One thing to notice

Jesus rebukes the Pharisees for their traditions that contradict God's commandments in verses 4-6. He cites the commandment about honoring parents, and calls them 'hypocrites' in verse 7, mentioning their outward devotion alongside their lack of true heart alignment with God.

Summary and study helps: AI-drafted (September 2026), checked by automated Scripture gates. Spotted an error? Report it. Fixes are listed on the corrections page.

Chapter text

Read Matthew 15 (WEB)

Challenge of Tradition Matthew 15:1–9

Verse 1. Then Pharisees and scribes came to Jesus from Jerusalem, saying, Verse 2. “Why do your disciples disobey the tradition of the elders? For they don’t wash their hands when they eat bread.” Verse 3. He answered them, “Why do you also disobey the commandment of God because of your tradition? Verse 4. For God commanded, ‘Honor your father and your mother,’ and, ‘He who speaks evil of father or mother, let him be put to death.’ Verse 5. But you say, ‘Whoever may tell his father or his mother, “Whatever help you might otherwise have gotten from me is a gift devoted to God,” Verse 6. he shall not honor his father or mother.’ You have made the commandment of God void because of your tradition.

Verse 7. You hypocrites! Well did Isaiah prophesy of you, saying, Verse 8. ‘These people draw near to me with their mouth, and honor me with their lips; but their heart is far from me. Verse 9. And in vain do they worship me, teaching as doctrine rules made by men.’”

Inward vs. Outward Purity Matthew 15:10–20

Verse 10. He summoned the multitude, and said to them, “Hear, and understand. Verse 11. That which enters into the mouth doesn’t defile the man; but that which proceeds out of the mouth, this defiles the man.” Verse 12. Then the disciples came, and said to him, “Do you know that the Pharisees were offended, when they heard this saying?” Verse 13. But he answered, “Every plant which my heavenly Father didn’t plant will be uprooted. Verse 14. Leave them alone. They are blind guides of the blind. If the blind guide the blind, both will fall into a pit.” Verse 15. Peter answered him, “Explain the parable to us.”

Verse 16. So Jesus said, “Do you also still not understand? Verse 17. Don’t you understand that whatever goes into the mouth passes into the belly, and then out of the body? Verse 18. But the things which proceed out of the mouth come out of the heart, and they defile the man. Verse 19. For out of the heart come evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, sexual sins, thefts, false testimony, and blasphemies. Verse 20. These are the things which defile the man; but to eat with unwashed hands doesn’t defile the man.”

Faith of the Canaanite Woman Matthew 15:21–28

Verse 21. Jesus went out from there, and withdrew into the region of Tyre and Sidon. Verse 22. Behold, a Canaanite woman came out from those borders, and cried, saying, “Have mercy on me, Lord, you son of David! My daughter is severely possessed by a demon!” Verse 23. But he answered her not a word. His disciples came and begged him, saying, “Send her away; for she cries after us.” Verse 24. But he answered, “I wasn’t sent to anyone but the lost sheep of the house of Israel.” Verse 25. But she came and worshiped him, saying, “Lord, help me.” Verse 26. But he answered, “It is not appropriate to take the children’s bread and throw it to the dogs.”

Verse 27. But she said, “Yes, Lord, but even the dogs eat the crumbs which fall from their masters’ table.” Verse 28. Then Jesus answered her, “Woman, great is your faith! Be it done to you even as you desire.” And her daughter was healed from that hour.

Healing the Multitude Matthew 15:29–31

Verse 29. Jesus departed from there, and came near to the sea of Galilee; and he went up into the mountain, and sat there. Verse 30. Great multitudes came to him, having with them the lame, blind, mute, maimed, and many others, and they put them down at his feet. He healed them, Verse 31. so that the multitude wondered when they saw the mute speaking, the injured healed, the lame walking, and the blind seeing—and they glorified the God of Israel.

Feeding the Four Thousand Matthew 15:32–39

Verse 32. Jesus summoned his disciples and said, “I have compassion on the multitude, because they continue with me now three days and have nothing to eat. I don’t want to send them away fasting, or they might faint on the way.” Verse 33. The disciples said to him, “Where should we get so many loaves in a deserted place as to satisfy so great a multitude?” Verse 34. Jesus said to them, “How many loaves do you have?” They said, “Seven, and a few small fish.” Verse 35. He commanded the multitude to sit down on the ground; Verse 36. and he took the seven loaves and the fish. He gave thanks and broke them, and gave to the disciples, and the disciples to the multitudes.

Verse 37. They all ate, and were filled. They took up seven baskets full of the broken pieces that were left over. Verse 38. Those who ate were four thousand men, besides women and children. Verse 39. Then he sent away the multitudes, got into the boat, and came into the borders of Magdala.

World English Bible (public domain)

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Main themes in Matthew 15

True purity

In verses 10-20, Jesus teaches the crowd about true purity, stating, 'That which enters into the mouth doesn’t defile the man; but that which proceeds out of the mouth, this defiles the man.' He contrasts the outward rituals of the Pharisees with the condition of the heart, saying that evil thoughts and actions arise from within. This marks a clear distinction between external practices and internal moral integrity.

Faith and persistence

In verses 21-28, the Canaanite woman demonstrates her faith and persistence in seeking help for her demon-possessed daughter. Despite Jesus initially stating, 'I wasn’t sent to anyone but the lost sheep of the house of Israel,' she responds with humility, saying, 'Even the dogs eat the crumbs which fall from their masters’ table.' Her faith leads to her daughter's healing, illustrating the power of determination in faith.

Jesus' compassion

In verses 29-31, Jesus shows compassion for the multitudes who had followed him for three days without food. He acknowledges their plight, stating, 'I have compassion on the multitude, because they continue with me now three days and have nothing to eat.' His act of healing and feeding them reveals his deep concern for their physical and spiritual needs, prompting the crowd to glorify the God of Israel.

Inclusivity of the Gospel

The interaction with the Canaanite woman in verses 21-28 highlights the inclusivity of the Gospel. Although Jesus initially focuses on Israel, the woman's faith allows her to receive grace, as she argues for her need. Her inclusion shows that faith transcends ethnic and cultural boundaries, affirming that Jesus' mission extends beyond Israel to all who believe.

Chapter outline

How Matthew 15 unfolds

  1. Matthew 15:1–9 Challenge of Tradition

    Pharisees and scribes question Jesus about his disciples not washing hands before eating (vv. 1-2). Jesus responds by accusing them of nullifying God's command through their traditions and calls them hypocrites, citing Isaiah (vv. 3-9).

  2. Matthew 15:10–20 Inward vs. Outward Purity

    Jesus gathers the crowd, stating that what enters the mouth does not defile a person but what comes from the heart does (vv. 10-11). He explains to his disciples that true defilement arises from the heart, not from outside (vv. 17-20).

  3. Matthew 15:21–28 Faith of the Canaanite Woman

    In Tyre and Sidon, a Canaanite woman pleads with Jesus to heal her demon-possessed daughter (vv. 22-23). Jesus initially refuses, explaining his mission to Israel, but the woman's response of faith leads to her daughter's healing (vv. 24-28).

  4. Matthew 15:29–31 Healing the Multitude

    Jesus goes up the mountain, where great multitudes bring him those who are lame, blind, mute, and maimed (vv. 29-30). He heals them, leading the crowd to glorify the God of Israel upon witnessing these miracles (v. 31).

  5. Matthew 15:32–39 Feeding the Four Thousand

    Jesus asks his disciples about available food for the crowd and, after receiving seven loaves and a few fish, he miraculously feeds four thousand people, with seven baskets of leftovers collected (vv. 34-38). Following this, he departs by boat (v. 39).

Key verses

  • Matthew 15:18Jesus speaks this to the multitude, clarifying that what defiles a person is not outward actions but the evil that comes from the heart.

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Study questions

Questions for studying Matthew 15

Uses your daily Ask questions.

  1. observeIn v2, why do the Pharisees question Jesus about the disciples not washing hands?
  2. observeWhat does Jesus say is unclean in v11?
  3. interpretIn v24, why does Jesus refer to the people he was sent to as 'the lost sheep of the house of Israel'?
  4. interpretIn v26, why does Jesus call the Canaanite woman’s request inappropriate?
  5. applyWhen have you encountered a situation where tradition conflicted with what you believed was right?

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Matthew 15: frequently asked questions

What is Matthew 15 about?+
Pharisees and scribes come from Jerusalem to challenge Jesus about handwashing traditions (vv. 1-2).
What is the key verse in Matthew 15?+
Matthew 15:18: “But the things which proceed out of the mouth come out of the heart, and they defile the man.”
What are the main themes of Matthew 15?+
The main themes of Matthew 15 are True purity, Faith and persistence, Jesus' compassion, Inclusivity of the Gospel.

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Study Notes