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ScriptureDepth's study of Numbers 26

But among these there was not a man of them who were counted by Moses and Aaron the priest, who counted the children of Israel in the wilderness of Sinai.

Numbers 26:64

Moses and Eleazar report that none of the original men counted in Sinai remain, which settles the fate of those who disobeyed Yahweh's command in the wilderness.

What Numbers 26 is about

After the plague, Yahweh tells Moses and Eleazar to take a census of the Israelites able to fight. This census occurs in the plains of Moab, near Jericho. The tribe of Reuben is counted first, with forty-three thousand seven hundred. Next, the tribe of Simeon has twenty-two thousand two hundred. The list continues with Gad, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun, Joseph (including Manasseh and Ephraim), Benjamin, Dan, Asher, and Naphtali. In total, six hundred one thousand seven hundred men are counted.

Yahweh then explains how the land will be divided among the tribes based on their numbers (vv. 53-54). The more people in a tribe, the bigger their inheritance will be. However, the land will be divided by lot. The Levites are counted separately, totaling twenty-three thousand males, as they will not receive a land inheritance. Finally, the chapter notes that none of the men counted in the first census remain, except Caleb and Joshua, as Yahweh promised they would die in the wilderness (vv. 64-65).

Yahweh's command leaves the Israelites with rules for inheritance based on their census count.

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Numbers 26 at a glance

  1. Numbers 26:1–4Introduction to the Census
  2. Numbers 26:5–40Tribes of Israel Counted
  3. Numbers 26:41–65Inheritance and Leadership

Key verse: Numbers 26:64

One thing to notice

The census records the absence of certain individuals. In verses 64 and 65, it states that 'there was not a man left of them' counted in the wilderness of Sinai, except for Caleb and Joshua.

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Chapter text

Read Numbers 26 (WEB)

Introduction to the Census Numbers 26:1–4

Verse 1. After the plague, Yahweh spoke to Moses and to Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest, saying, Verse 2. “Take a census of all the congregation of the children of Israel, from twenty years old and upward, by their fathers’ houses, all who are able to go out to war in Israel.” Verse 3. Moses and Eleazar the priest spoke with them in the plains of Moab by the Jordan at Jericho, saying, Verse 4. “Take a census, from twenty years old and upward; as Yahweh commanded Moses and the children of Israel.” These are those that came out of the land of Egypt.

Tribes of Israel Counted Numbers 26:5–40

Verse 5. Reuben, the firstborn of Israel; the sons of Reuben: of Hanoch, the family of the Hanochites; of Pallu, the family of the Palluites; Verse 6. of Hezron, the family of the Hezronites; of Carmi, the family of the Carmites. Verse 7. These are the families of the Reubenites; and those who were counted of them were forty-three thousand seven hundred thirty. Verse 8. The sons of Pallu: Eliab. Verse 9. The sons of Eliab: Nemuel, and Dathan, and Abiram. These are that Dathan and Abiram, who were called by the congregation, who rebelled against Moses and against Aaron in the company of Korah, when they rebelled against Yahweh,

Verse 10. and the earth opened its mouth, and swallowed them up together with Korah, when that company died; at the time the fire devoured two hundred fifty men, and they became a sign. Verse 11. Notwithstanding, the sons of Korah didn’t die. Verse 12. The sons of Simeon after their families: of Nemuel, the family of the Nemuelites; of Jamin, the family of the Jaminites; of Jachin, the family of the Jachinites; Verse 13. of Zerah, the family of the Zerahites; of Shaul, the family of the Shaulites. Verse 14. These are the families of the Simeonites, twenty-two thousand two hundred. Verse 15. The sons of Gad after their families: of Zephon, the family of the Zephonites; of Haggi, the family of the Haggites; of Shuni, the family of the Shunites;

Verse 16. of Ozni, the family of the Oznites; of Eri, the family of the Erites; Verse 17. of Arod, the family of the Arodites; of Areli, the family of the Arelites. Verse 18. These are the families of the sons of Gad according to those who were counted of them, forty thousand and five hundred. Verse 19. The sons of Judah: Er and Onan. Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. Verse 20. The sons of Judah after their families were: of Shelah, the family of the Shelanites; of Perez, the family of the Perezites; of Zerah, the family of the Zerahites. Verse 21. The sons of Perez were: of Hezron, the family of the Hezronites; of Hamul, the family of the Hamulites.

Verse 22. These are the families of Judah according to those who were counted of them, seventy-six thousand five hundred. Verse 23. The sons of Issachar after their families: of Tola, the family of the Tolaites; of Puvah, the family of the Punites; Verse 24. of Jashub, the family of the Jashubites; of Shimron, the family of the Shimronites. Verse 25. These are the families of Issachar according to those who were counted of them, sixty-four thousand three hundred. Verse 26. The sons of Zebulun after their families: of Sered, the family of the Seredites; of Elon, the family of the Elonites; of Jahleel, the family of the Jahleelites. Verse 27. These are the families of the Zebulunites according to those who were counted of them, sixty thousand five hundred.

Verse 28. The sons of Joseph after their families: Manasseh and Ephraim. Verse 29. The sons of Manasseh: of Machir, the family of the Machirites; and Machir became the father of Gilead; of Gilead, the family of the Gileadites. Verse 30. These are the sons of Gilead: of Iezer, the family of the Iezerites; of Helek, the family of the Helekites; Verse 31. and Asriel, the family of the Asrielites; and Shechem, the family of the Shechemites; Verse 32. and Shemida, the family of the Shemidaites; and Hepher, the family of the Hepherites. Verse 33. Zelophehad the son of Hepher had no sons, but daughters: and the names of the daughters of Zelophehad were Mahlah, and Noah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah.

Verse 34. These are the families of Manasseh. Those who were counted of them were fifty-two thousand seven hundred. Verse 35. These are the sons of Ephraim after their families: of Shuthelah, the family of the Shuthelahites; of Becher, the family of the Becherites; of Tahan, the family of the Tahanites. Verse 36. These are the sons of Shuthelah: of Eran, the family of the Eranites. Verse 37. These are the families of the sons of Ephraim according to those who were counted of them, thirty-two thousand five hundred. These are the sons of Joseph after their families. Verse 38. The sons of Benjamin after their families: of Bela, the family of the Belaites; of Ashbel, the family of the Ashbelites; of Ahiram, the family of the Ahiramites;

Verse 39. of Shephupham, the family of the Shuphamites; of Hupham, the family of the Huphamites. Verse 40. The sons of Bela were Ard and Naaman: the family of the Ardites; of Naaman, the family of the Naamites.

Inheritance and Leadership Numbers 26:41–65

Verse 41. These are the sons of Benjamin after their families; and those who were counted of them were forty-five thousand six hundred. Verse 42. These are the sons of Dan after their families: of Shuham, the family of the Shuhamites. These are the families of Dan after their families. Verse 43. All the families of the Shuhamites, according to those who were counted of them, were sixty-four thousand four hundred. Verse 44. The sons of Asher after their families: of Imnah, the family of the Imnites; of Ishvi, the family of the Ishvites; of Beriah, the family of the Berites. Verse 45. Of the sons of Beriah: of Heber, the family of the Heberites; of Malchiel, the family of the Malchielites.

Verse 46. The name of the daughter of Asher was Serah. Verse 47. These are the families of the sons of Asher according to those who were counted of them, fifty-three thousand and four hundred. Verse 48. The sons of Naphtali after their families: of Jahzeel, the family of the Jahzeelites; of Guni, the family of the Gunites; Verse 49. of Jezer, the family of the Jezerites; of Shillem, the family of the Shillemites. Verse 50. These are the families of Naphtali according to their families; and those who were counted of them were forty-five thousand four hundred. Verse 51. These are those who were counted of the children of Israel, six hundred one thousand seven hundred thirty.

Verse 52. Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, Verse 53. “To these the land shall be divided for an inheritance according to the number of names. Verse 54. To the more you shall give the more inheritance, and to the fewer you shall give the less inheritance. To everyone according to those who were counted of him shall his inheritance be given. Verse 55. Notwithstanding, the land shall be divided by lot. According to the names of the tribes of their fathers they shall inherit. Verse 56. According to the lot shall their inheritance be divided between the more and the fewer.” Verse 57. These are those who were counted of the Levites after their families: of Gershon, the family of the Gershonites; of Kohath, the family of the Kohathites; of Merari, the family of the Merarites.

Verse 58. These are the families of Levi: the family of the Libnites, the family of the Hebronites, the family of the Mahlites, the family of the Mushites, the family of the Korahites. Kohath became the father of Amram. Verse 59. The name of Amram’s wife was Jochebed, the daughter of Levi, who was born to Levi in Egypt. She bore to Amram Aaron and Moses, and Miriam their sister. Verse 60. To Aaron were born Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar. Verse 61. Nadab and Abihu died when they offered strange fire before Yahweh. Verse 62. Those who were counted of them were twenty-three thousand, every male from a month old and upward; for they were not counted among the children of Israel, because there was no inheritance given them among the children of Israel.

Verse 63. These are those who were counted by Moses and Eleazar the priest, who counted the children of Israel in the plains of Moab by the Jordan at Jericho. Verse 64. But among these there was not a man of them who were counted by Moses and Aaron the priest, who counted the children of Israel in the wilderness of Sinai. Verse 65. For Yahweh had said of them, “They shall surely die in the wilderness.” There was not a man left of them, except Caleb the son of Jephunneh, and Joshua the son of Nun.

World English Bible (public domain)

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Main themes in Numbers 26

God's faithfulness

In this chapter, God's faithfulness is shown through His command to Moses and Eleazar to take a census of the Israelites after the plague (v. 1). This action signifies His ongoing commitment to the people, ensuring that a new generation is counted to inherit the land. The end of the chapter notes that only Caleb and Joshua from the previous generation survived, affirming God's word regarding those who rebelled (vv. 64-65).

Community identity

Community identity emerges through the enumeration of the tribes of Israel, grouped by their family lines (vv. 5-49). Each tribe's count establishes their unique identity and role within the larger Israelite community. The detailed listing of names and families anchors the Israelites in their shared history and collective identity as they prepare to enter the Promised Land.

Leadership and organization

This chapter describes the leadership structure and organization of the Israelite community, beginning with Moses and Eleazar conducting the census (vv. 1-3). The division of the land by lot, as outlined in verses 53-56, provides an organized method for inheritance, ensuring equitable distribution among the tribes. This framework is essential for establishing governance and unity among the Israelites as they look toward their future.

Divine sovereignty

Divine sovereignty is evident as Yahweh directs Moses regarding the census and the allocation of land (vv. 1, 52). The specific counting and organization of tribes demonstrate God's control over the people and their destiny. The chapter concludes by noting that the previous generation did not enter the Promised Land due to divine judgment, as God declared, 'They shall surely die in the wilderness' (v. 65).

Chapter outline

How Numbers 26 unfolds

  1. Numbers 26:1–4 Introduction to the Census

    Yahweh commands Moses and Eleazar to take a census of the Israelite men aged twenty and older who can fight, occurring in the plains of Moab (vv. 1-4).

  2. Numbers 26:5–40 Tribes of Israel Counted

    The census counts the men from each tribe, detailing their family lines and numbers, including the notable mention of Dathan and Abiram who rebelled against Moses (vv. 5-40).

  3. Numbers 26:41–65 Inheritance and Leadership

    The Lord instructs Moses on the division of land for inheritance based on the census results, emphasizing that the size of inheritance corresponds with tribe size while being determined by lot (vv. 51-56).

Key verses

  • Numbers 26:64Moses and Eleazar report that none of the original men counted in Sinai remain, which settles the fate of those who disobeyed Yahweh's command in the wilderness.

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Study questions

Questions for studying Numbers 26

Uses your daily Ask questions.

  1. observeIn v2, who is instructed to take the census of Israel?
  2. observeWhat event is referenced in v10 regarding Dathan and Abiram?
  3. interpretThe mention of Zelophehad's daughters in v33: what does this say about women's roles in inheritance?
  4. interpretIn v65, why is it significant that there was not a man left from the previous census?
  5. applyWhen have you been part of a community decision like the census in v4?

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Numbers 26: frequently asked questions

What is Numbers 26 about?+
After the plague, Yahweh tells Moses and Eleazar to take a census of the Israelites able to fight. This census occurs in the plains of Moab, near Jericho.
What is the key verse in Numbers 26?+
Numbers 26:64: “But among these there was not a man of them who were counted by Moses and Aaron the priest, who counted the children of Israel in the wilderness of Sinai.”
What are the main themes of Numbers 26?+
The main themes of Numbers 26 are God's faithfulness, Community identity, Leadership and organization, Divine sovereignty.

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