ScriptureDepth's study of Joshua 17
“The children of Joseph said, “The hill country is not enough for us. All the Canaanites who dwell in the land of the valley have chariots of iron, both those who are in Beth Shean and its towns, and those who are in the valley of Jezreel.”
Joshua 17:16
The children of Joseph speak to Joshua about their inadequate inheritance, raising concerns about the land and Canaanites with 'chariots of iron' in the valley.
What Joshua 17 is about
The tribe of Manasseh receives its inheritance because Manasseh was Joseph's firstborn (vv. 1-2). Zelophehad had no sons, only daughters: Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah. They come to Eleazar and Joshua, asking for their inheritance. Joshua gives them land among their brothers, as commanded by Yahweh (vv. 3-4). Manasseh receives ten parts of land, plus Gilead and Bashan (vv. 5-6). The borders for Manasseh run from Asher to Michmethath, through Tappuah to the brook of Kanah (vv. 7-10). Manasseh struggles to drive out the Canaanites living in their cities, though they make them forced labor (vv. 11-13). The children of Joseph tell Joshua they need more land since they are numerous (vv. 14-16). Joshua encourages them, stating they can clear the forested hill country and drive out the Canaanites (vv. 17-18).
The children of Manasseh are reminded that they can possess the hill country and are commanded to drive out the Canaanites.
Joshua 17 at a glance
- Joshua 17:1–2Inheritance of Manasseh
- Joshua 17:3–4Daughters of Zelophehad
- Joshua 17:5–6Distribution of Land
- Joshua 17:7–10Borders of Manasseh
- Joshua 17:11–13Challenges in Occupying Land
- Joshua 17:14–17Request for More Land
- Joshua 17:18Joshua's Encouragement
Key verse: Joshua 17:16
One thing to notice
Inheritance is given to both sons and daughters in the case of Zelophehad’s daughters, as seen when they come to Eleazar and Joshua stating, 'Yahweh commanded Moses to give us an inheritance.' This shows the inclusion of women in the land distribution process, as noted in verses 3-4.
Summary and study helps: AI-drafted (September 2026), checked by automated Scripture gates. Spotted an error? Report it. Fixes are listed on the corrections page.
Chapter text
Read Joshua 17 (WEB)
Inheritance of Manasseh Joshua 17:1–2
1Verse 1. This was the lot for the tribe of Manasseh, for he was the firstborn of Joseph. As for Machir the firstborn of Manasseh, the father of Gilead, because he was a man of war, therefore he had Gilead and Bashan. 2Verse 2. So this was for the rest of the children of Manasseh according to their families: for the children of Abiezer, for the children of Helek, for the children of Asriel, for the children of Shechem, for the children of Hepher, and for the children of Shemida. These were the male children of Manasseh the son of Joseph according to their families.
Daughters of Zelophehad Joshua 17:3–4
3Verse 3. But Zelophehad, the son of Hepher, the son of Gilead, the son of Machir, the son of Manasseh, had no sons, but daughters. These are the names of his daughters: Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah. 4Verse 4. They came to Eleazar the priest, and to Joshua the son of Nun, and to the princes, saying, “Yahweh commanded Moses to give us an inheritance among our brothers.” Therefore according to the commandment of Yahweh he gave them an inheritance among the brothers of their father.
Distribution of Land Joshua 17:5–6
5Verse 5. Ten parts fell to Manasseh, besides the land of Gilead and Bashan, which is beyond the Jordan; 6Verse 6. because the daughters of Manasseh had an inheritance among his sons. The land of Gilead belonged to the rest of the sons of Manasseh.
Borders of Manasseh Joshua 17:7–10
7Verse 7. The border of Manasseh was from Asher to Michmethath, which is before Shechem. The border went along to the right hand, to the inhabitants of En Tappuah. 8Verse 8. The land of Tappuah belonged to Manasseh; but Tappuah on the border of Manasseh belonged to the children of Ephraim. 9Verse 9. The border went down to the brook of Kanah, southward of the brook. These cities belonged to Ephraim among the cities of Manasseh. The border of Manasseh was on the north side of the brook, and ended at the sea. 10Verse 10. Southward it was Ephraim’s, and northward it was Manasseh’s, and the sea was his border. They reached to Asher on the north, and to Issachar on the east.
Challenges in Occupying Land Joshua 17:11–13
11Verse 11. Manasseh had three heights in Issachar, in Asher Beth Shean and its towns, and Ibleam and its towns, and the inhabitants of Dor and its towns, and the inhabitants of Endor and its towns, and the inhabitants of Taanach and its towns, and the inhabitants of Megiddo and its towns. 12Verse 12. Yet the children of Manasseh couldn’t drive out the inhabitants of those cities; but the Canaanites would dwell in that land. 13Verse 13. When the children of Israel had grown strong, they put the Canaanites to forced labor, and didn’t utterly drive them out.
Request for More Land Joshua 17:14–17
14Verse 14. The children of Joseph spoke to Joshua, saying, “Why have you given me just one lot and one part for an inheritance, since we are a numerous people, because Yahweh has blessed us so far?” 15Verse 15. Joshua said to them, “If you are a numerous people, go up to the forest, and clear land for yourself there in the land of the Perizzites and of the Rephaim; since the hill country of Ephraim is too narrow for you.” 16Verse 16. The children of Joseph said, “The hill country is not enough for us. All the Canaanites who dwell in the land of the valley have chariots of iron, both those who are in Beth Shean and its towns, and those who are in the valley of Jezreel.”
17Verse 17. Joshua spoke to the house of Joseph, that is, to Ephraim and to Manasseh, saying, “You are a numerous people, and have great power. You shall not have one lot only;
Joshua's Encouragement Joshua 17:18
18Verse 18. but the hill country shall be yours. Although it is a forest, you shall cut it down, and it’s farthest extent shall be yours; for you shall drive out the Canaanites, though they have chariots of iron, and though they are strong.”
World English Bible (public domain)
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Main themes in Joshua 17
God's faithfulness
In this chapter, the inheritance of Manasseh is granted, showing God's faithfulness to His promises. The daughters of Zelophehad, who petition for their inheritance, indicate that 'Yahweh commanded Moses to give us an inheritance among our brothers' (v. 4). This act demonstrates God's commitment to ensuring that all His people receive their allotted land, fulfilling His covenant with the Israelites.
Inheritance and legacy
The distribution of land among the tribes is central in this chapter, particularly for the tribe of Manasseh. The text details how 'the land of Gilead belonged to the rest of the sons of Manasseh' (v. 6) and describes how the daughters of Zelophehad received their rightful inheritance. This process illustrates how inheritance establishes familial and tribal legacies within Israel, shaping their identity and future.
Courage in facing challenges
The chapter addresses the challenges the children of Manasseh faced in occupying their land. Despite their strength, 'the children of Manasseh couldn’t drive out the inhabitants of those cities' (v. 12), indicating the difficulties they encountered. Joshua encourages them to take courage, assuring them that they can 'drive out the Canaanites, though they have chariots of iron' (v. 18), which speaks to the need for bravery in the face of opposition.
Community and collaboration
Community and collaboration among the tribes of Israel are evident as they navigate their inheritance. The daughters of Zelophehad unite to seek what is rightfully theirs, approaching 'Eleazar the priest, and to Joshua' (v. 4) with their request. Joshua's interaction with the children of Joseph, where he suggests they clear land for themselves (v. 15), shows the necessity of working together to fulfill their collective responsibilities.
Chapter outline
How Joshua 17 unfolds
Joshua 17:1–2 Inheritance of Manasseh
The tribe of Manasseh receives its inheritance, highlighting Machir, its firstborn, who receives Gilead and Bashan due to being a 'man of war' (v. 1). The remaining children of Manasseh are listed by their families (v. 2).
Joshua 17:3–4 Daughters of Zelophehad
Zelophehad's daughters come to Eleazar and Joshua to claim their inheritance, based on Yahweh's command to Moses (v. 4), thus establishing their right to inherit despite being daughters (v. 3).
Joshua 17:5–6 Distribution of Land
Ten parts were allotted to Manasseh, 'besides the land of Gilead and Bashan', which was given to the rest of Manasseh's sons due to the inheritance of the daughters of Manasseh (vv. 5-6).
Joshua 17:7–10 Borders of Manasseh
The borders of Manasseh are defined, stretching from Asher to Michmethath and detailing areas including Tappuah and the brook of Kanah, differentiating between Manasseh's and Ephraim's territories (vv. 7-10).
Joshua 17:11–13 Challenges in Occupying Land
Despite their inheritance, the children of Manasseh struggle to drive out the Canaanites from their cities and resort to forced labor for those who remain (vv. 12-13).
Joshua 17:14–17 Request for More Land
The children of Joseph request more land, arguing that their population and blessings warrant additional territory, prompting Joshua's response (vv. 14-16).
Joshua 17:18 Joshua's Encouragement
Joshua reassures the house of Joseph that they can claim more land and instructs them to clear the forest in the hill country, emphasizing their strength despite the Canaanites' iron chariots (v. 18).
Key verses
Joshua 17:16The children of Joseph speak to Joshua about their inadequate inheritance, raising concerns about the land and Canaanites with 'chariots of iron' in the valley.
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Study questions
Questions for studying Joshua 17
- observeIn v4, what do Zelophehad's daughters claim about their father's inheritance?
- observeIn v12, what challenge do the children of Manasseh face in the cities?
- interpretJoshua's response in v15: how does he encourage the children of Joseph to expand their territory?
- interpretThe mention of 'chariots of iron' in v16: what does it convey about the Canaanites' strength?
- applyWhen have you felt limited by obstacles like the 'chariots of iron' in v16?
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Cross-references
Passages that echo Joshua 17
- Joshua 16Joshua 17:14 and Joshua 16:4Both take their inheritance: Joshua 17:14 says, 'we are a numerous people, because Yahweh has blessed us so far,' while Joshua 16:4 says, 'took their inheritance.'
- Numbers 26Joshua 17:1 and Numbers 26:29Both mention Machir: Joshua 17:1 states, 'he was the firstborn of Joseph,' while Numbers 26:29 says, 'Machir became the father of Gilead.'
- Judges 1Joshua 17:11 and Judges 1:27Both relate to inhabitants: Joshua 17:11 mentions 'inhabitants of Beth Shean,' while Judges 1:27 states, 'Manasseh did not drive out the inhabitants.'
- Judges 6Joshua 17:2 and Judges 6:11Both mention Abiezer: Joshua 17:2 refers to 'the children of Abiezer,' while Judges 6:11 notes Gideon, 'the Abiezrite.'
- Numbers 27Joshua 17:3 and Numbers 27:1Both mention Zelophehad's daughters: Joshua 17:3 lists their names, while Numbers 27:1 notes 'the daughters of Zelophehad came near.'
- 1 Kings 4Joshua 17:11 and 1 Kings 4:12Both mention towns: Joshua 17:11 lists 'Beth Shean and its towns,' while 1 Kings 4:12 refers to 'Taanach and Megiddo, and all Beth Shean.'
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Where to go from here
- Joshua: the whole bookJoshua narrates the moment promise becomes geography.
- Full Year Chronological Bible, day 76Day 76 of 365: Joshua 16–19.
- StrengthWhat the Bible says about strength, with verses.
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