Skip to content
ScriptureDepth

ScriptureDepth's study of 2 Samuel 17

When Ahithophel saw that his counsel was not followed, he saddled his donkey, arose, and went home, to his city, and set his house in order, and hanged himself; and he died, and was buried in the tomb of his father.

2 Samuel 17:23

Ahithophel speaks to himself after his counsel is rejected by Absalom, ultimately leading to his despair and decision to take his own life in shame.

What 2 Samuel 17 is about

Ahithophel advises Absalom to pursue David with twelve thousand men at night. He believes David is weak and that defeating him will bring peace to Absalom and his followers (vv. 1-4). Absalom then calls for Hushai to provide counsel. Hushai warns that David's men are fierce and that an attack would lead to a slaughter among Absalom’s forces. He advises gathering all of Israel to confront David directly (vv. 5-14). Hushai then informs the priests, Zadok and Abiathar, to warn David to escape across the Jordan River (vv. 15-21). David and his followers quickly leave as Absalom pursues him. Ahithophel, seeing that his advice was ignored, goes home and hangs himself (vv. 22-23). Meanwhile, David arrives at Mahanaim, where he receives supplies and support from Shobi, Machir, and Barzillai (vv. 24-29).

The chapter leaves the reader with David’s need for immediate safety and support as conflict escalates.

Read the full chapter text ↓

2 Samuel 17 at a glance

  1. 2 Samuel 17:1–4Absalom Consults Ahithophel
  2. 2 Samuel 17:5–14Hushai Counters Ahithophel's Counsel
  3. 2 Samuel 17:15–21Hushai Sends Warning to David
  4. 2 Samuel 17:22–23David's Escape and Ahithophel's Despair
  5. 2 Samuel 17:24–29Support for David in Mahanaim

Key verse: 2 Samuel 17:23

Summary and study helps: AI-drafted (September 2026), checked by automated Scripture gates. Spotted an error? Report it. Fixes are listed on the corrections page.

Chapter text

Read 2 Samuel 17 (WEB)

Absalom Consults Ahithophel 2 Samuel 17:1–4

Verse 1. Moreover Ahithophel said to Absalom, “Let me now choose twelve thousand men, and I will arise and pursue after David tonight. Verse 2. I will come on him while he is weary and exhausted, and will make him afraid. All the people who are with him will flee. I will strike the king only, Verse 3. and I will bring back all the people to you. The man whom you seek is as if all returned. All the people shall be in peace.” Verse 4. The saying pleased Absalom well, and all the elders of Israel.

Hushai Counters Ahithophel's Counsel 2 Samuel 17:5–14

Verse 5. Then Absalom said, “Now call Hushai the Archite also, and let us hear likewise what he says.” Verse 6. When Hushai had come to Absalom, Absalom spoke to him, saying, “Ahithophel has spoken like this. Shall we do what he says? If not, speak up.” Verse 7. Hushai said to Absalom, “The counsel that Ahithophel has given this time is not good.” Verse 8. Hushai said moreover, “You know your father and his men, that they are mighty men, and they are fierce in their minds, like a bear robbed of her cubs in the field. Your father is a man of war, and will not lodge with the people.

Verse 9. Behold, he is now hidden in some pit, or in some other place. It will happen, when some of them have fallen at the first, that whoever hears it will say, ‘There is a slaughter among the people who follow Absalom!’ Verse 10. Even he who is valiant, whose heart is as the heart of a lion, will utterly melt; for all Israel knows that your father is a mighty man, and those who are with him are valiant men. Verse 11. But I counsel that all Israel be gathered together to you, from Dan even to Beersheba, as the sand that is by the sea for multitude; and that you go to battle in your own person.

Verse 12. So shall we come on him in some place where he shall be found, and we will light on him as the dew falls on the ground; and of him and of all the men who are with him we will not leave so much as one. Verse 13. Moreover, if he has gone into a city, then shall all Israel bring ropes to that city, and we will draw it into the river, until there isn’t one small stone found there.” Verse 14. Absalom and all the men of Israel said, “The counsel of Hushai the Archite is better than the counsel of Ahithophel.” For Yahweh had ordained to defeat the good counsel of Ahithophel, to the intent that Yahweh might bring evil on Absalom.

Hushai Sends Warning to David 2 Samuel 17:15–21

Verse 15. Then Hushai said to Zadok and to Abiathar the priests, “Ahithophel counseled Absalom and the elders of Israel that way; and I have counseled this way. Verse 16. Now therefore send quickly, and tell David, saying, ‘Don’t lodge tonight at the fords of the wilderness, but by all means pass over; lest the king be swallowed up, and all the people who are with him.’” Verse 17. Now Jonathan and Ahimaaz were staying by En Rogel; and a female servant used to go and tell them; and they went and told king David. For they might not be seen to come into the city.

Verse 18. But a boy saw them, and told Absalom. Then they both went away quickly, and came to the house of a man in Bahurim, who had a well in his court; and they went down there. Verse 19. The woman took and spread the covering over the well’s mouth, and spread out bruised grain on it; and nothing was known. Verse 20. Absalom’s servants came to the woman to the house; and they said, “Where are Ahimaaz and Jonathan?” The woman said to them, “They have gone over the brook of water.” When they had sought and could not find them, they returned to Jerusalem.

Verse 21. After they had departed, they came up out of the well, and went and told king David; and they said to David, “Arise and pass quickly over the water; for thus has Ahithophel counseled against you.”

David's Escape and Ahithophel's Despair 2 Samuel 17:22–23

Verse 22. Then David arose, and all the people who were with him, and they passed over the Jordan. By the morning light there lacked not one of them who had not gone over the Jordan. Verse 23. When Ahithophel saw that his counsel was not followed, he saddled his donkey, arose, and went home, to his city, and set his house in order, and hanged himself; and he died, and was buried in the tomb of his father.

Support for David in Mahanaim 2 Samuel 17:24–29

Verse 24. Then David came to Mahanaim. Absalom passed over the Jordan, he and all the men of Israel with him. Verse 25. Absalom set Amasa over the army instead of Joab. Now Amasa was the son of a man whose name was Ithra the Israelite, who went in to Abigail the daughter of Nahash, sister to Zeruiah, Joab’s mother. Verse 26. Israel and Absalom encamped in the land of Gilead. Verse 27. When David had come to Mahanaim, Shobi the son of Nahash of Rabbah of the children of Ammon, and Machir the son of Ammiel of Lodebar, and Barzillai the Gileadite of Rogelim, Verse 28. brought beds, basins, earthen vessels, wheat, barley, meal, parched grain, beans, lentils, roasted grain,

Verse 29. honey, butter, sheep, and cheese of the herd, for David, and for the people who were with him, to eat; for they said, “The people are hungry, and weary, and thirsty in the wilderness.”

World English Bible (public domain)

Go deeper

Ask the AI about 2 Samuel 17

Bring your question about the chapter, the key verse, or how this passage fits the rest of Scripture. Ask unlimited questions and keep study notes on every chapter. 7 days free, no card.

Main themes in 2 Samuel 17

Divine Providence

In this chapter, God's providence is evident in the way Hushai’s counsel prevails over Ahithophel's advice, as stated in v. 14: 'For Yahweh had ordained to defeat the good counsel of Ahithophel.' This divine intervention ensures that Absalom's plans to attack David are thwarted, allowing David to escape. The text shows how God’s providential hand directs the course of events in favor of David, illustrating His sovereignty in the midst of human schemes.

The Power of Counsel

Counsel plays a key role in this chapter, particularly in the contrasting advice given by Ahithophel and Hushai. In v. 4, Absalom and the elders favor Ahithophel's strategy, but Hushai counters it effectively, stating in v. 7 that 'the counsel that Ahithophel has given this time is not good.' The chapter illustrates how wise counsel can significantly influence decisions, with Hushai's counsel ultimately leading to a critical turning point in the conflict.

Loyalty and Betrayal

In this chapter, loyalty and betrayal unfold through the actions of Hushai and the priests, who remain faithful to David amid Absalom's rebellion. Hushai takes a significant risk by opposing Ahithophel in verse 8, demonstrating his commitment to David. In contrast, Ahithophel, who once served David faithfully, betrays him by supporting Absalom. When his advice is rejected, Ahithophel faces despair, marking a clear division between loyalty and betrayal.

God's Sovereignty

God's sovereignty is a central theme in this chapter, particularly seen in the outcome of the counsel given to Absalom. In v. 14, it is revealed that 'Yahweh had ordained to defeat the good counsel of Ahithophel,' illustrating that God's authority governs the events of human affairs. This divine sovereignty directs the actions of individuals, leading to outcomes that fulfill His purposes, such as David’s escape and the thwarting of Absalom's plans.

Chapter outline

How 2 Samuel 17 unfolds

  1. 2 Samuel 17:1–4 Absalom Consults Ahithophel

    Ahithophel tells Absalom to choose twelve thousand men and pursue David at night, attacking him while he is weary, which pleases Absalom and the elders of Israel (vv. 1-4).

  2. 2 Samuel 17:5–14 Hushai Counters Ahithophel's Counsel

    Absalom calls Hushai to hear his opinion on Ahithophel's advice; Hushai claims it is not good, urging Absalom to gather all Israel to confront David directly, leading Absalom to prefer Hushai's counsel (vv. 5-14).

  3. 2 Samuel 17:15–21 Hushai Sends Warning to David

    Hushai communicates with the priests, instructing them to warn David to avoid the fords of the wilderness based on Ahithophel's advice (vv. 15-16). This action highlights Hushai's loyalty to David amid the political turmoil.

  4. 2 Samuel 17:22–23 David's Escape and Ahithophel's Despair

    David and his followers cross the Jordan River safely at dawn, while Ahithophel, realizing his counsel was ignored, returns home, sets his affairs in order, and hangs himself (vv. 22-23).

  5. 2 Samuel 17:24–29 Support for David in Mahanaim

    In Mahanaim, David arrives and receives provisions from Shobi, Machir, and Barzillai, who bring various supplies for David and his people, noting their hunger and thirst (vv. 24-29).

Key verses

  • 2 Samuel 17:23Ahithophel speaks to himself after his counsel is rejected by Absalom, ultimately leading to his despair and decision to take his own life in shame.

Get a short devotional by email, one passage and one question a day.

One short email each morning, with the free study guide. Unsubscribe anytime. By subscribing you agree to our Terms and Privacy Policy. We use your address only to send this email.

Study questions

Questions for studying 2 Samuel 17

Uses your daily Ask questions.

  1. observeIn v1, what does Ahithophel propose to Absalom regarding David?
  2. observeIn v14, why do Absalom and the men of Israel prefer Hushai's advice?
  3. interpretHushai's description of David in vv. 8-10: how does it contrast with Absalom's understanding of him?
  4. interpretAhithophel's death in v23: what does this indicate about the consequences of rejected counsel?
  5. applyWhen has a situation made you doubt a trusted advisor, as Absalom did with Ahithophel?

For Bible groups

Study 2 Samuel 17 with your group

A free one-page handout with the overview, key verse, outline and discussion questions, ready to print for everyone at the table.

Cross-references

Passages that echo 2 Samuel 17

Related chapters

Chapters that connect with 2 Samuel 17

Elsewhere on ScriptureDepth

Where to go from here

2 Samuel 17: frequently asked questions

What is 2 Samuel 17 about?+
Ahithophel advises Absalom to pursue David with twelve thousand men at night. He believes David is weak and that defeating him will bring peace to Absalom and his followers (vv.
What is the key verse in 2 Samuel 17?+
2 Samuel 17:23: “When Ahithophel saw that his counsel was not followed, he saddled his donkey, arose, and went home, to his city, and set his house in order, and hanged himself; and he died, and was buried in the tomb of his father.”
What are the main themes of 2 Samuel 17?+
The main themes of 2 Samuel 17 are Divine Providence, The Power of Counsel, Loyalty and Betrayal, God's Sovereignty.

Studying 2 Samuel with a print Bible beside you? See our study Bible guides.

Study Notes