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ScriptureDepth's study of Matthew 18

and said, “Most certainly I tell you, unless you turn, and become as little children, you will in no way enter into the Kingdom of Heaven.

Matthew 18:3

Jesus speaks to his disciples about entering the Kingdom of Heaven, stating that one must 'turn' and become like a 'little child' to do so.

What Matthew 18 is about

The disciples ask Jesus, 'Who then is greatest in the Kingdom of Heaven?' (v. 1). Jesus calls a little child to himself and says they must become like children to enter the Kingdom (vv. 2-3). He explains that whoever humbles himself, like the child, is the greatest (v. 4). Jesus warns against causing any little ones to stumble, saying it would be better for a person to drown (vv. 5-6). He continues with warnings about the seriousness of sin (vv. 8-9). Jesus shares the Parable of the Lost Sheep, emphasizing the joy in finding one lost sheep (vv. 12-14). If a brother sins, one should first talk to him privately. If that fails, take one or two others along (vv. 15-16). Peter asks about forgiveness, and Jesus says to forgive 'until seventy times seven' (vv. 21-22). He tells a parable about a king who forgives a great debt but punishes a servant who does not forgive (vv. 23-34).

The heavenly Father will also deal with those who do not forgive their brothers from the heart.

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Matthew 18 at a glance

  1. Matthew 18:1–5Greatness in the Kingdom
  2. Matthew 18:6–10Warnings Against Causing Stumbling
  3. Matthew 18:11–14Parable of the Lost Sheep
  4. Matthew 18:15–20Addressing Sin in Community
  5. Matthew 18:21–35Limitless Forgiveness Illustrated

Key verse: Matthew 18:3

One thing to notice

Warnings against causing others to stumble are prevalent. Jesus strongly warns that causing a 'little one' to stumble brings severe consequences. The word 'stumble' is used repetitively in verses discussing the need to avoid leading others into sin and the drastic measures one should take to avoid this fate (vv. 6-9).

Summary and study helps: AI-drafted (September 2026), checked by automated Scripture gates. Spotted an error? Report it. Fixes are listed on the corrections page.

Chapter text

Read Matthew 18 (WEB)

Greatness in the Kingdom Matthew 18:1–5

Verse 1. In that hour the disciples came to Jesus, saying, “Who then is greatest in the Kingdom of Heaven?” Verse 2. Jesus called a little child to himself, and set him in the middle of them, Verse 3. and said, “Most certainly I tell you, unless you turn, and become as little children, you will in no way enter into the Kingdom of Heaven. Verse 4. Whoever therefore humbles himself as this little child, the same is the greatest in the Kingdom of Heaven. Verse 5. Whoever receives one such little child in my name receives me,

Warnings Against Causing Stumbling Matthew 18:6–10

Verse 6. but whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in me to stumble, it would be better for him that a huge millstone should be hung around his neck, and that he should be sunk in the depths of the sea. Verse 7. “Woe to the world because of occasions of stumbling! For it must be that the occasions come, but woe to that person through whom the occasion comes! Verse 8. If your hand or your foot causes you to stumble, cut it off, and cast it from you. It is better for you to enter into life maimed or crippled, rather than having two hands or two feet to be cast into the eternal fire.

Verse 9. If your eye causes you to stumble, pluck it out, and cast it from you. It is better for you to enter into life with one eye, rather than having two eyes to be cast into the Gehenna of fire. Verse 10. See that you don’t despise one of these little ones, for I tell you that in heaven their angels always see the face of my Father who is in heaven.

Parable of the Lost Sheep Matthew 18:11–14

Verse 11. For the Son of Man came to save that which was lost. Verse 12. “What do you think? If a man has one hundred sheep, and one of them goes astray, doesn’t he leave the ninety-nine, go to the mountains, and seek that which has gone astray? Verse 13. If he finds it, most certainly I tell you, he rejoices over it more than over the ninety-nine which have not gone astray. Verse 14. Even so it is not the will of your Father who is in heaven that one of these little ones should perish.

Addressing Sin in Community Matthew 18:15–20

Verse 15. “If your brother sins against you, go, show him his fault between you and him alone. If he listens to you, you have gained back your brother. Verse 16. But if he doesn’t listen, take one or two more with you, that at the mouth of two or three witnesses every word may be established. Verse 17. If he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the assembly. If he refuses to hear the assembly also, let him be to you as a Gentile or a tax collector. Verse 18. Most certainly I tell you, whatever things you bind on earth will have been bound in heaven, and whatever things you release on earth will have been released in heaven.

Verse 19. Again, assuredly I tell you, that if two of you will agree on earth concerning anything that they will ask, it will be done for them by my Father who is in heaven. Verse 20. For where two or three are gathered together in my name, there I am in the middle of them.”

Limitless Forgiveness Illustrated Matthew 18:21–35

Verse 21. Then Peter came and said to him, “Lord, how often shall my brother sin against me, and I forgive him? Until seven times?” Verse 22. Jesus said to him, “I don’t tell you until seven times, but, until seventy times seven. Verse 23. Therefore the Kingdom of Heaven is like a certain king, who wanted to reconcile accounts with his servants. Verse 24. When he had begun to reconcile, one was brought to him who owed him ten thousand talents. Verse 25. But because he couldn’t pay, his lord commanded him to be sold, with his wife, his children, and all that he had, and payment to be made.

Verse 26. The servant therefore fell down and knelt before him, saying, ‘Lord, have patience with me, and I will repay you all!’ Verse 27. The lord of that servant, being moved with compassion, released him, and forgave him the debt. Verse 28. “But that servant went out, and found one of his fellow servants, who owed him one hundred denarii, and he grabbed him, and took him by the throat, saying, ‘Pay me what you owe!’ Verse 29. “So his fellow servant fell down at his feet and begged him, saying, ‘Have patience with me, and I will repay you!’ Verse 30. He would not, but went and cast him into prison, until he should pay back that which was due.

Verse 31. So when his fellow servants saw what was done, they were exceedingly sorry, and came and told their lord all that was done. Verse 32. Then his lord called him in, and said to him, ‘You wicked servant! I forgave you all that debt, because you begged me. Verse 33. Shouldn’t you also have had mercy on your fellow servant, even as I had mercy on you?’ Verse 34. His lord was angry, and delivered him to the tormentors, until he should pay all that was due to him. Verse 35. So my heavenly Father will also do to you, if you don’t each forgive your brother from your hearts for his misdeeds.”

World English Bible (public domain)

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Main themes in Matthew 18

humility

In this chapter, Jesus teaches that greatness in the Kingdom of Heaven comes from humility. In v. 4, he says, 'Whoever therefore humbles himself as this little child, the same is the greatest in the Kingdom of Heaven.' By calling a little child to himself, he contrasts the disciples' desire for status with the simplicity and trust of a child. This sets a tone of humility needed for true greatness in the Kingdom.

forgiveness

Forgiveness is a central theme in Matthew 18, especially in the parable of the unmerciful servant. In vv. 32-33, the master asks, 'Shouldn’t you also have had mercy on your fellow servant, even as I had mercy on you?' This parable illustrates the necessity of forgiving others as we have been forgiven. Jesus calls his followers to practice boundless forgiveness, moving beyond mere obligation to a heart of mercy.

Explore forgiveness in the Bible →

community

Community dynamics are addressed through the instructions on resolving conflicts among believers. In vv. 15-17, Jesus outlines a process for addressing sin: first approaching the individual alone, then with witnesses, and finally bringing the matter to the assembly. This structure encourages accountability and restoration, promoting unity and healthy relationships within the community of faith.

mercy

Mercy is vividly illustrated in the parable of the lost sheep, where the shepherd seeks out the one lost sheep with great care. In v. 14, it states, 'Even so it is not the will of your Father who is in heaven that one of these little ones should perish.' This teaching reveals God's merciful nature and encourages believers to extend that same mercy to others in their community.

Chapter outline

How Matthew 18 unfolds

  1. Matthew 18:1–5 Greatness in the Kingdom

    The disciples ask Jesus, 'Who then is greatest in the Kingdom of Heaven?' (v. 1). Jesus calls a child and states that 'unless you turn, and become as little children' (v. 3), they cannot enter the Kingdom.

  2. Matthew 18:6–10 Warnings Against Causing Stumbling

    Jesus warns against causing 'one of these little ones who believe in me to stumble' (v. 6), emphasizing the severe consequences for doing so (v. 7). He instructs his followers to take drastic measures against anything that causes personal sin (vv. 8-9).

  3. Matthew 18:11–14 Parable of the Lost Sheep

    Jesus asks, 'What do you think?' (v. 12) and presents a parable about a shepherd leaving ninety-nine sheep to find the one that strayed (vv. 12-13). He states it is not God's will for 'one of these little ones should perish' (v. 14).

  4. Matthew 18:15–20 Addressing Sin in Community

    Jesus instructs, 'If your brother sins against you, go, show him his fault' (v. 15), detailing a process for addressing sin. He states that 'where two or three are gathered together in my name, there I am' (v. 20).

  5. Matthew 18:21–35 Limitless Forgiveness Illustrated

    Peter asks Jesus, 'How often shall my brother sin against me, and I forgive him?' (v. 21). Jesus replies to forgive 'until seventy times seven' (v. 22) and tells a parable about a king who forgives a servant's massive debt (vv. 23-35).

Key verses

  • Matthew 18:3Jesus speaks to his disciples about entering the Kingdom of Heaven, stating that one must 'turn' and become like a 'little child' to do so.

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Study questions

Questions for studying Matthew 18

Uses your daily Ask questions.

  1. observeIn v6, why is it better for someone to have a millstone hung around their neck?
  2. observeWhat does Jesus mean in v20 when he says, 'where two or three are gathered together in my name'?
  3. interpretIn v15, what is the process Jesus outlines for addressing a brother who sins?
  4. interpretIn v35, why is it significant that forgiveness must come 'from your hearts'?
  5. applyWhen have you struggled to forgive someone, as seen in the message of v21?

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Matthew 18: frequently asked questions

What is Matthew 18 about?+
The disciples ask Jesus, 'Who then is greatest in the Kingdom of Heaven?' (v.
What is the key verse in Matthew 18?+
Matthew 18:3: “and said, “Most certainly I tell you, unless you turn, and become as little children, you will in no way enter into the Kingdom of Heaven.”
What are the main themes of Matthew 18?+
The main themes of Matthew 18 are humility, forgiveness, community, mercy.

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Study Notes